// -*- C++ -*-
// $Id: latlng.cpp,v 1.2 2009-08-28 17:08:55 robertl Exp $
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
//  Copyright (C) 2009  S. Khai Mong <khai@mangrai.com>.
//
//  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
//  modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
//  published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
//  License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
//  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
//  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
//  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
//  General Public License for more details.
//
//  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
//  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
//  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301,
//  USA.
//
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "latlng.h"
#include <cmath>


// copied from the web somewhere.
static const double DEG_TO_RAD = 0.017453292519943295769236907684886;
static const double EARTH_RADIUS_IN_METERS = 6372797.560856;

/** @brief Computes the arc, in radian, between two WGS-84 positions.
  *
  * The result is equal to <code>Distance(from,to)/EARTH_RADIUS_IN_METERS</code>
  *    <code>= 2*asin(sqrt(h(d/EARTH_RADIUS_IN_METERS )))</code>
  *
  * where:<ul>
  *    <li>d is the distance in meters between 'from' and 'to' positions.</li>
  *    <li>h is the haversine function: <code>h(x)=sin²(x/2)</code></li>
  * </ul>
  *
  * The haversine formula gives:
  *    <code>h(d/R) = h(from.lat-to.lat)+h(from.lon-to.lon)+cos(from.lat)*cos(to.lat)</code>
  *
  * @sa http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_haversines
  */
static double ArcInRadians(const LatLng& from, const LatLng& to)
{
  double latitudeArc  = (from.lat() - to.lat()) * DEG_TO_RAD;
  double longitudeArc = (from.lng() - to.lng()) * DEG_TO_RAD;
  double latitudeH = sin(latitudeArc * 0.5);
  latitudeH *= latitudeH;
  double longitudeH = sin(longitudeArc * 0.5);
  longitudeH *= longitudeH;
  double tmp = cos(from.lat()*DEG_TO_RAD) * cos(to.lat()*DEG_TO_RAD);
  return 2.0 * asin(sqrt(latitudeH + tmp*longitudeH));
}

/** @brief Computes the distance, in meters, between two WGS-84 positions.
 *
 * The result is equal to <code>EARTH_RADIUS_IN_METERS*ArcInRadians(from,to)</code>
 *
 * @sa ArcInRadians
 */
static double DistanceInMeters(const LatLng& from, const LatLng& to)
{
  return EARTH_RADIUS_IN_METERS*ArcInRadians(from, to);
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------

double LatLng::haversineDistance(const LatLng& other) const
{
  return DistanceInMeters(*this, other);
}
