/*
 * domain_conf.c: domain XML processing
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2006-2016 Red Hat, Inc.
 * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Daniel P. Berrange
 * Copyright (c) 2015 SUSE LINUX Products GmbH, Nuernberg, Germany.
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library.  If not, see
 * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include <config.h>

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "configmake.h"
#include "internal.h"
#include "virerror.h"
#include "checkpoint_conf.h"
#include "datatypes.h"
#include "domain_addr.h"
#include "domain_conf.h"
#include "snapshot_conf.h"
#include "viralloc.h"
#include "virxml.h"
#include "viruuid.h"
#include "virbuffer.h"
#include "virlog.h"
#include "nwfilter_conf.h"
#include "virnetworkportdef.h"
#include "storage_conf.h"
#include "virstoragefile.h"
#include "virfile.h"
#include "virbitmap.h"
#include "secret_conf.h"
#include "netdev_vport_profile_conf.h"
#include "netdev_bandwidth_conf.h"
#include "netdev_vlan_conf.h"
#include "device_conf.h"
#include "network_conf.h"
#include "virtpm.h"
#include "virsecret.h"
#include "virstring.h"
#include "virnetdev.h"
#include "virnetdevtap.h"
#include "virnetdevmacvlan.h"
#include "virarptable.h"
#include "virmdev.h"
#include "virdomainsnapshotobjlist.h"
#include "virdomaincheckpointobjlist.h"
#include "virutil.h"

#define VIR_FROM_THIS VIR_FROM_DOMAIN

VIR_LOG_INIT("conf.domain_conf");

/* This structure holds various callbacks and data needed
 * while parsing and creating domain XMLs */
struct _virDomainXMLOption {
    virObject parent;

    /* XML parser callbacks and defaults */
    virDomainDefParserConfig config;

    /* domain private data management callbacks */
    virDomainXMLPrivateDataCallbacks privateData;

    /* XML namespace callbacks */
    virXMLNamespace ns;

    /* ABI stability callbacks */
    virDomainABIStability abi;

    /* Private data for save image stored in snapshot XML */
    virSaveCookieCallbacks saveCookie;

    /* Snapshot postparse callbacks */
    virDomainMomentPostParseCallback momentPostParse;
};

#define VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_COMMON_FLAGS \
    (VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_SECURE | \
     VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE | \
     VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE)

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainTaint,
              VIR_DOMAIN_TAINT_LAST,
              "custom-argv",
              "custom-monitor",
              "high-privileges",
              "shell-scripts",
              "disk-probing",
              "external-launch",
              "host-cpu",
              "hook-script",
              "cdrom-passthrough",
              "custom-dtb",
              "custom-ga-command",
              "custom-hypervisor-feature",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainVirt,
              VIR_DOMAIN_VIRT_LAST,
              "none",
              "qemu",
              "kqemu",
              "kvm",
              "xen",
              "lxc",
              "uml",
              "openvz",
              "test",
              "vmware",
              "hyperv",
              "vbox",
              "phyp",
              "parallels",
              "bhyve",
              "vz",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainOS,
              VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_LAST,
              "hvm",
              "xen",
              "linux",
              "exe",
              "uml",
              "xenpvh",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainBoot,
              VIR_DOMAIN_BOOT_LAST,
              "fd",
              "cdrom",
              "hd",
              "network",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainFeature,
              VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_LAST,
              "acpi",
              "apic",
              "pae",
              "hap",
              "viridian",
              "privnet",
              "hyperv",
              "kvm",
              "pvspinlock",
              "capabilities",
              "pmu",
              "vmport",
              "gic",
              "smm",
              "ioapic",
              "hpt",
              "vmcoreinfo",
              "htm",
              "nested-hv",
              "msrs",
              "ccf-assist",
              "xen",
              "cfpc",
              "sbbc",
              "ibs",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainCapabilitiesPolicy,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CAPABILITIES_POLICY_LAST,
              "default",
              "allow",
              "deny",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainHyperv,
              VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_LAST,
              "relaxed",
              "vapic",
              "spinlocks",
              "vpindex",
              "runtime",
              "synic",
              "stimer",
              "reset",
              "vendor_id",
              "frequencies",
              "reenlightenment",
              "tlbflush",
              "ipi",
              "evmcs",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainKVM,
              VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_LAST,
              "hidden",
              "hint-dedicated",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainXen,
              VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_LAST,
              "e820_host",
              "passthrough",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainXenPassthroughMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_PASSTHROUGH_MODE_LAST,
              "default",
              "sync_pt",
              "share_pt",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainMsrsUnknown,
              VIR_DOMAIN_MSRS_UNKNOWN_LAST,
              "ignore",
              "fault",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainProcessCapsFeature,
              VIR_DOMAIN_PROCES_CAPS_FEATURE_LAST,
              "audit_control",
              "audit_write",
              "block_suspend",
              "chown",
              "dac_override",
              "dac_read_search",
              "fowner",
              "fsetid",
              "ipc_lock",
              "ipc_owner",
              "kill",
              "lease",
              "linux_immutable",
              "mac_admin",
              "mac_override",
              "mknod",
              "net_admin",
              "net_bind_service",
              "net_broadcast",
              "net_raw",
              "setgid",
              "setfcap",
              "setpcap",
              "setuid",
              "sys_admin",
              "sys_boot",
              "sys_chroot",
              "sys_module",
              "sys_nice",
              "sys_pacct",
              "sys_ptrace",
              "sys_rawio",
              "sys_resource",
              "sys_time",
              "sys_tty_config",
              "syslog",
              "wake_alarm",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainLifecycle,
              VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_LAST,
              "poweroff",
              "reboot",
              "crash",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainLifecycleAction,
              VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_LAST,
              "destroy",
              "restart",
              "rename-restart",
              "preserve",
              "coredump-destroy",
              "coredump-restart",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainLockFailure,
              VIR_DOMAIN_LOCK_FAILURE_LAST,
              "default",
              "poweroff",
              "restart",
              "pause",
              "ignore",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDevice,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST,
              "none",
              "disk",
              "lease",
              "filesystem",
              "interface",
              "input",
              "sound",
              "video",
              "hostdev",
              "watchdog",
              "controller",
              "graphics",
              "hub",
              "redirdev",
              "smartcard",
              "chr",
              "memballoon",
              "nvram",
              "rng",
              "shmem",
              "tpm",
              "panic",
              "memory",
              "iommu",
              "vsock",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskDevice,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_LAST,
              "disk",
              "cdrom",
              "floppy",
              "lun",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskGeometryTrans,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_TRANS_LAST,
              "default",
              "none",
              "auto",
              "lba",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskBus,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_LAST,
              "ide",
              "fdc",
              "scsi",
              "virtio",
              "xen",
              "usb",
              "uml",
              "sata",
              "sd",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskCache,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_CACHE_LAST,
              "default",
              "none",
              "writethrough",
              "writeback",
              "directsync",
              "unsafe",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskErrorPolicy,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_ERROR_POLICY_LAST,
              "default",
              "stop",
              "report",
              "ignore",
              "enospace",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskIo,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_IO_LAST,
              "default",
              "native",
              "threads",
              "io_uring",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDeviceSGIO,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SGIO_LAST,
              "default",
              "filtered",
              "unfiltered",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainController,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_LAST,
              "ide",
              "fdc",
              "scsi",
              "sata",
              "virtio-serial",
              "ccid",
              "usb",
              "pci",
              "xenbus",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainControllerModelPCI,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCI_LAST,
              "pci-root",
              "pcie-root",
              "pci-bridge",
              "dmi-to-pci-bridge",
              "pcie-to-pci-bridge",
              "pcie-root-port",
              "pcie-switch-upstream-port",
              "pcie-switch-downstream-port",
              "pci-expander-bus",
              "pcie-expander-bus",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainControllerPCIModelName,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_PCI_MODEL_NAME_LAST,
              "none",
              "pci-bridge",
              "i82801b11-bridge",
              "ioh3420",
              "x3130-upstream",
              "xio3130-downstream",
              "pxb",
              "pxb-pcie",
              "pcie-root-port",
              "spapr-pci-host-bridge",
              "pcie-pci-bridge",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainControllerModelSCSI,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_LAST,
              "auto",
              "buslogic",
              "lsilogic",
              "lsisas1068",
              "vmpvscsi",
              "ibmvscsi",
              "virtio-scsi",
              "lsisas1078",
              "virtio-transitional",
              "virtio-non-transitional",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainControllerModelUSB,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_LAST,
              "piix3-uhci",
              "piix4-uhci",
              "ehci",
              "ich9-ehci1",
              "ich9-uhci1",
              "ich9-uhci2",
              "ich9-uhci3",
              "vt82c686b-uhci",
              "pci-ohci",
              "nec-xhci",
              "qusb1",
              "qusb2",
              "qemu-xhci",
              "none",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainControllerModelIDE,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_IDE_LAST,
              "piix3",
              "piix4",
              "ich6",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainControllerModelVirtioSerial,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_VIRTIO_SERIAL_LAST,
              "virtio",
              "virtio-transitional",
              "virtio-non-transitional",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainFS,
              VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_LAST,
              "mount",
              "block",
              "file",
              "template",
              "ram",
              "bind",
              "volume",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainFSDriver,
              VIR_DOMAIN_FS_DRIVER_TYPE_LAST,
              "default",
              "path",
              "handle",
              "loop",
              "nbd",
              "ploop",
              "virtiofs",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainFSAccessMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_FS_ACCESSMODE_LAST,
              "passthrough",
              "mapped",
              "squash",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainFSWrpolicy,
              VIR_DOMAIN_FS_WRPOLICY_LAST,
              "default",
              "immediate",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainFSModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_FS_MODEL_LAST,
              "default",
              "virtio",
              "virtio-transitional",
              "virtio-non-transitional",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainFSMultidevs,
              VIR_DOMAIN_FS_MULTIDEVS_LAST,
              "default",
              "remap",
              "forbid",
              "warn",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainFSCacheMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_FS_CACHE_MODE_LAST,
              "default",
              "none",
              "always",
);


VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainNet,
              VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_LAST,
              "user",
              "ethernet",
              "vhostuser",
              "server",
              "client",
              "mcast",
              "network",
              "bridge",
              "internal",
              "direct",
              "hostdev",
              "udp",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainNetModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_NET_MODEL_LAST,
              "unknown",
              "netfront",
              "rtl8139",
              "virtio",
              "e1000",
              "e1000e",
              "virtio-transitional",
              "virtio-non-transitional",
              "usb-net",
              "spapr-vlan",
              "lan9118",
              "scm91c111",
              "vlance",
              "vmxnet",
              "vmxnet2",
              "vmxnet3",
              "Am79C970A",
              "Am79C973",
              "82540EM",
              "82545EM",
              "82543GC",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainNetBackend,
              VIR_DOMAIN_NET_BACKEND_TYPE_LAST,
              "default",
              "qemu",
              "vhost",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainNetVirtioTxMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_NET_VIRTIO_TX_MODE_LAST,
              "default",
              "iothread",
              "timer",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainNetTeaming,
              VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TEAMING_TYPE_LAST,
              "none",
              "persistent",
              "transient",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainNetInterfaceLinkState,
              VIR_DOMAIN_NET_INTERFACE_LINK_STATE_LAST,
              "default",
              "up",
              "down",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainChrDeviceState,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_STATE_LAST,
              "default",
              "connected",
              "disconnected",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainNetMacType,
              VIR_DOMAIN_NET_MAC_TYPE_LAST,
              "",
              "generated",
              "static",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainChrSerialTarget,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_LAST,
              "none",
              "isa-serial",
              "usb-serial",
              "pci-serial",
              "spapr-vio-serial",
              "system-serial",
              "sclp-serial",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainChrChannelTarget,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_LAST,
              "none",
              "guestfwd",
              "virtio",
              "xen",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainChrConsoleTarget,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_LAST,
              "none",
              "serial",
              "xen",
              "uml",
              "virtio",
              "lxc",
              "openvz",
              "sclp",
              "sclplm",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainChrSerialTargetModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_MODEL_LAST,
              "none",
              "isa-serial",
              "usb-serial",
              "pci-serial",
              "spapr-vty",
              "pl011",
              "sclpconsole",
              "sclplmconsole",
              "16550a",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainChrDevice,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_LAST,
              "parallel",
              "serial",
              "console",
              "channel",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainChr,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_LAST,
              "null",
              "vc",
              "pty",
              "dev",
              "file",
              "pipe",
              "stdio",
              "udp",
              "tcp",
              "unix",
              "spicevmc",
              "spiceport",
              "nmdm",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainChrTcpProtocol,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TCP_PROTOCOL_LAST,
              "raw",
              "telnet",
              "telnets",
              "tls",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainChrSpicevmc,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SPICEVMC_LAST,
              "vdagent",
              "smartcard",
              "usbredir",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainSmartcard,
              VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_LAST,
              "host",
              "host-certificates",
              "passthrough",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainSoundCodec,
              VIR_DOMAIN_SOUND_CODEC_TYPE_LAST,
              "duplex",
              "micro",
              "output",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainSoundModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_SOUND_MODEL_LAST,
              "sb16",
              "es1370",
              "pcspk",
              "ac97",
              "ich6",
              "ich9",
              "usb",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainKeyWrapCipherName,
              VIR_DOMAIN_KEY_WRAP_CIPHER_NAME_LAST,
              "aes",
              "dea",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainMemballoonModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_MEMBALLOON_MODEL_LAST,
              "virtio",
              "xen",
              "none",
              "virtio-transitional",
              "virtio-non-transitional",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainSmbiosMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_SMBIOS_LAST,
              "none",
              "emulate",
              "host",
              "sysinfo",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainWatchdogModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_WATCHDOG_MODEL_LAST,
              "i6300esb",
              "ib700",
              "diag288",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainWatchdogAction,
              VIR_DOMAIN_WATCHDOG_ACTION_LAST,
              "reset",
              "shutdown",
              "poweroff",
              "pause",
              "dump",
              "none",
              "inject-nmi",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainPanicModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_PANIC_MODEL_LAST,
              "default",
              "isa",
              "pseries",
              "hyperv",
              "s390",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainVideoBackend,
              VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_BACKEND_TYPE_LAST,
              "default",
              "qemu",
              "vhostuser",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainVideo,
              VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_LAST,
              "default",
              "vga",
              "cirrus",
              "vmvga",
              "xen",
              "vbox",
              "qxl",
              "parallels",
              "virtio",
              "gop",
              "none",
              "bochs",
              "ramfb",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainVideoVGAConf,
              VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_VGACONF_LAST,
              "io",
              "on",
              "off",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainInput,
              VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_LAST,
              "mouse",
              "tablet",
              "keyboard",
              "passthrough",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainInputBus,
              VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_LAST,
              "ps2",
              "usb",
              "xen",
              "parallels",
              "virtio",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainInputModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_MODEL_LAST,
              "default",
              "virtio",
              "virtio-transitional",
              "virtio-non-transitional",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphics,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_LAST,
              "sdl",
              "vnc",
              "rdp",
              "desktop",
              "spice",
              "egl-headless",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphicsListen,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_LAST,
              "none",
              "address",
              "network",
              "socket",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphicsAuthConnected,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_AUTH_CONNECTED_LAST,
              "default",
              "fail",
              "disconnect",
              "keep",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphicsVNCSharePolicy,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_VNC_SHARE_LAST,
              "default",
              "allow-exclusive",
              "force-shared",
              "ignore",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphicsSpiceChannelName,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_CHANNEL_LAST,
              "main",
              "display",
              "inputs",
              "cursor",
              "playback",
              "record",
              "smartcard",
              "usbredir",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphicsSpiceChannelMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_CHANNEL_MODE_LAST,
              "any",
              "secure",
              "insecure",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphicsSpiceImageCompression,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_IMAGE_COMPRESSION_LAST,
              "default",
              "auto_glz",
              "auto_lz",
              "quic",
              "glz",
              "lz",
              "off",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphicsSpiceJpegCompression,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_JPEG_COMPRESSION_LAST,
              "default",
              "auto",
              "never",
              "always",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphicsSpiceZlibCompression,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_ZLIB_COMPRESSION_LAST,
              "default",
              "auto",
              "never",
              "always",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphicsSpiceMouseMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_MOUSE_MODE_LAST,
              "default",
              "server",
              "client",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainGraphicsSpiceStreamingMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_STREAMING_MODE_LAST,
              "default",
              "filter",
              "all",
              "off",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainHostdevMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_LAST,
              "subsystem",
              "capabilities",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainHostdevSubsys,
              VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_LAST,
              "usb",
              "pci",
              "scsi",
              "scsi_host",
              "mdev",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIBackend,
              VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_TYPE_LAST,
              "default",
              "kvm",
              "vfio",
              "xen",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIProtocol,
              VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SCSI_PROTOCOL_TYPE_LAST,
              "adapter",
              "iscsi",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostProtocol,
              VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_SCSI_HOST_PROTOCOL_TYPE_LAST,
              "none",
              "vhost",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIVHostModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_SCSI_VHOST_MODEL_TYPE_LAST,
              "default",
              "virtio",
              "virtio-transitional",
              "virtio-non-transitional",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainHostdevCaps,
              VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_LAST,
              "storage",
              "misc",
              "net",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainHub,
              VIR_DOMAIN_HUB_TYPE_LAST,
              "usb",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainRedirdevBus,
              VIR_DOMAIN_REDIRDEV_BUS_LAST,
              "usb",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainState,
              VIR_DOMAIN_LAST,
              "nostate",
              "running",
              "blocked",
              "paused",
              "shutdown",
              "shutoff",
              "crashed",
              "pmsuspended",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainNostateReason,
              VIR_DOMAIN_NOSTATE_LAST,
              "unknown",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainRunningReason,
              VIR_DOMAIN_RUNNING_LAST,
              "unknown",
              "booted",
              "migrated",
              "restored",
              "from snapshot",
              "unpaused",
              "migration canceled",
              "save canceled",
              "wakeup",
              "crashed",
              "post-copy",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainBlockedReason,
              VIR_DOMAIN_BLOCKED_LAST,
              "unknown",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainPausedReason,
              VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED_LAST,
              "unknown",
              "user",
              "migration",
              "save",
              "dump",
              "ioerror",
              "watchdog",
              "from snapshot",
              "shutdown",
              "snapshot",
              "panicked",
              "starting up",
              "post-copy",
              "post-copy failed",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainShutdownReason,
              VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTDOWN_LAST,
              "unknown",
              "user",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainShutoffReason,
              VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF_LAST,
              "unknown",
              "shutdown",
              "destroyed",
              "crashed",
              "migrated",
              "saved",
              "failed",
              "from snapshot",
              "daemon",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainCrashedReason,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CRASHED_LAST,
              "unknown",
              "panicked",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainPMSuspendedReason,
              VIR_DOMAIN_PMSUSPENDED_LAST,
              "unknown",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainSeclabel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_LAST,
              "default",
              "none",
              "dynamic",
              "static",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainClockOffset,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_LAST,
              "utc",
              "localtime",
              "variable",
              "timezone",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainClockBasis,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_BASIS_LAST,
              "utc",
              "localtime",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainTimerName,
              VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_NAME_LAST,
              "platform",
              "pit",
              "rtc",
              "hpet",
              "tsc",
              "kvmclock",
              "hypervclock",
              "armvtimer",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainTimerTrack,
              VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_TRACK_LAST,
              "boot",
              "guest",
              "wall",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainTimerTickpolicy,
              VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_TICKPOLICY_LAST,
              "delay",
              "catchup",
              "merge",
              "discard",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainTimerMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_MODE_LAST,
              "auto",
              "native",
              "emulate",
              "paravirt",
              "smpsafe",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainStartupPolicy,
              VIR_DOMAIN_STARTUP_POLICY_LAST,
              "default",
              "mandatory",
              "requisite",
              "optional",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainCpuPlacementMode,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CPU_PLACEMENT_MODE_LAST,
              "static",
              "auto",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskTray,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_TRAY_LAST,
              "closed",
              "open",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainRNGModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_MODEL_LAST,
              "virtio",
              "virtio-transitional",
              "virtio-non-transitional",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainRNGBackend,
              VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_LAST,
              "random",
              "egd",
              "builtin",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainTPMModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_MODEL_LAST,
              "default",
              "tpm-tis",
              "tpm-crb",
              "tpm-spapr",
              "spapr-tpm-proxy",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainTPMBackend,
              VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_TYPE_LAST,
              "passthrough",
              "emulator",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainTPMVersion,
              VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_VERSION_LAST,
              "default",
              "1.2",
              "2.0",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainIOMMUModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_IOMMU_MODEL_LAST,
              "intel",
              "smmuv3",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainVsockModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_VSOCK_MODEL_LAST,
              "default",
              "virtio",
              "virtio-transitional",
              "virtio-non-transitional",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskDiscard,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DISCARD_LAST,
              "default",
              "unmap",
              "ignore",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskDetectZeroes,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DETECT_ZEROES_LAST,
              "default",
              "off",
              "on",
              "unmap",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_MODEL_LAST,
              "default",
              "virtio",
              "virtio-transitional",
              "virtio-non-transitional",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainDiskMirrorState,
              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_MIRROR_STATE_LAST,
              "none",
              "yes",
              "abort",
              "pivot",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainMemorySource,
              VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_SOURCE_LAST,
              "none",
              "file",
              "anonymous",
              "memfd",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainMemoryAllocation,
              VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_LAST,
              "none",
              "immediate",
              "ondemand",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainLoader,
              VIR_DOMAIN_LOADER_TYPE_LAST,
              "none",
              "rom",
              "pflash",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainIOAPIC,
              VIR_DOMAIN_IOAPIC_LAST,
              "none",
              "qemu",
              "kvm",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainHPTResizing,
              VIR_DOMAIN_HPT_RESIZING_LAST,
              "none",
              "enabled",
              "disabled",
              "required",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainOsDefFirmware,
              VIR_DOMAIN_OS_DEF_FIRMWARE_LAST,
              "none",
              "bios",
              "efi",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainCFPC,
              VIR_DOMAIN_CFPC_LAST,
              "none",
              "broken",
              "workaround",
              "fixed",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainSBBC,
              VIR_DOMAIN_SBBC_LAST,
              "none",
              "broken",
              "workaround",
              "fixed",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainIBS,
              VIR_DOMAIN_IBS_LAST,
              "none",
              "broken",
              "workaround",
              "fixed-ibs",
              "fixed-ccd",
              "fixed-na",
);

/* Internal mapping: subset of block job types that can be present in
 * <mirror> XML (remaining types are not two-phase). */
VIR_ENUM_DECL(virDomainBlockJob);
VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainBlockJob,
              VIR_DOMAIN_BLOCK_JOB_TYPE_LAST,
              "", "", "copy", "", "active-commit", "",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainMemoryModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_LAST,
              "",
              "dimm",
              "nvdimm",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainShmemModel,
              VIR_DOMAIN_SHMEM_MODEL_LAST,
              "ivshmem",
              "ivshmem-plain",
              "ivshmem-doorbell",
);

VIR_ENUM_IMPL(virDomainLaunchSecurity,
              VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST,
              "",
              "sev",
);

static virClassPtr virDomainObjClass;
static virClassPtr virDomainXMLOptionClass;
static void virDomainObjDispose(void *obj);
static void virDomainXMLOptionDispose(void *obj);

static int virDomainObjOnceInit(void)
{
    if (!VIR_CLASS_NEW(virDomainObj, virClassForObjectLockable()))
        return -1;

    if (!VIR_CLASS_NEW(virDomainXMLOption, virClassForObject()))
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

VIR_ONCE_GLOBAL_INIT(virDomainObj);


static void
virDomainXMLOptionDispose(void *obj)
{
    virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt = obj;

    if (xmlopt->config.privFree)
        (xmlopt->config.privFree)(xmlopt->config.priv);
}

/**
 * virDomainKeyWrapCipherDefParseXML:
 *
 * @def  Domain definition
 * @node An XML cipher node
 *
 * Parse the attributes from the cipher node and store the state
 * attribute in @def.
 *
 * A cipher node has the form of
 *
 *   <cipher name='aes|dea' state='on|off'/>
 *
 * Returns: 0 if the parse succeeded
 *         -1 otherwise
 */
static int
virDomainKeyWrapCipherDefParseXML(virDomainKeyWrapDefPtr keywrap,
                                  xmlNodePtr node)
{
    int state_type;
    int name_type;
    g_autofree char *name = NULL;
    g_autofree char *state = NULL;

    if (!(name = virXMLPropString(node, "name"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONF_SYNTAX, "%s",
                       _("missing name for cipher"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((name_type = virDomainKeyWrapCipherNameTypeFromString(name)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONF_SYNTAX,
                       _("%s is not a supported cipher name"), name);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(state = virXMLPropString(node, "state"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONF_SYNTAX,
                       _("missing state for cipher named %s"), name);
        return -1;
    }

    if ((state_type = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(state)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONF_SYNTAX,
                       _("%s is not a supported cipher state"), state);
        return -1;
    }

    switch ((virDomainKeyWrapCipherName) name_type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_KEY_WRAP_CIPHER_NAME_AES:
        if (keywrap->aes != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("A domain definition can have no more than "
                             "one cipher node with name %s"),
                           virDomainKeyWrapCipherNameTypeToString(name_type));

            return -1;
        }
        keywrap->aes = state_type;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_KEY_WRAP_CIPHER_NAME_DEA:
        if (keywrap->dea != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("A domain definition can have no more than "
                             "one cipher node with name %s"),
                           virDomainKeyWrapCipherNameTypeToString(name_type));

            return -1;
        }
        keywrap->dea = state_type;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_KEY_WRAP_CIPHER_NAME_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainKeyWrapDefParseXML(virDomainDefPtr def, xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    size_t i;
    int n;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;
    g_autofree virDomainKeyWrapDefPtr keywrap = NULL;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./keywrap/cipher", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        return n;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(keywrap) < 0)
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainKeyWrapCipherDefParseXML(keywrap, nodes[i]) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (keywrap->aes || keywrap->dea)
        def->keywrap = g_steal_pointer(&keywrap);

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainXMLOptionNew:
 *
 * Allocate a new domain XML configuration
 */
virDomainXMLOptionPtr
virDomainXMLOptionNew(virDomainDefParserConfigPtr config,
                      virDomainXMLPrivateDataCallbacksPtr priv,
                      virXMLNamespacePtr xmlns,
                      virDomainABIStabilityPtr abi,
                      virSaveCookieCallbacksPtr saveCookie)
{
    virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt;

    if (virDomainObjInitialize() < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (!(xmlopt = virObjectNew(virDomainXMLOptionClass)))
        return NULL;

    if (priv)
        xmlopt->privateData = *priv;

    if (config)
        xmlopt->config = *config;

    if (xmlns)
        xmlopt->ns = *xmlns;

    if (abi)
        xmlopt->abi = *abi;

    if (saveCookie)
        xmlopt->saveCookie = *saveCookie;

    /* Technically this forbids to use one of Xerox's MAC address prefixes in
     * our hypervisor drivers. This shouldn't ever be a problem.
     *
     * Use the KVM prefix as default as it's in the privately administered
     * range */
    if (xmlopt->config.macPrefix[0] == 0 &&
        xmlopt->config.macPrefix[1] == 0 &&
        xmlopt->config.macPrefix[2] == 0) {
        xmlopt->config.macPrefix[0] = 0x52;
        xmlopt->config.macPrefix[1] = 0x54;
    }

    return xmlopt;
}

/**
 * virDomainXMLOptionGetNamespace:
 *
 * @xmlopt: XML parser configuration object
 *
 * Returns a pointer to the stored namespace structure.
 * The lifetime of the pointer is equal to @xmlopt;
 */
virXMLNamespacePtr
virDomainXMLOptionGetNamespace(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    return &xmlopt->ns;
}

static int
virDomainVirtioOptionsParseXML(xmlNodePtr driver,
                               virDomainVirtioOptionsPtr *virtio)
{
    int val;
    virDomainVirtioOptionsPtr res;
    g_autofree char *str = NULL;

    if (*virtio || !driver)
        return 0;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(*virtio) < 0)
        return -1;

    res = *virtio;

    if ((str = virXMLPropString(driver, "iommu"))) {
        if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("invalid iommu value"));
            return -1;
        }
        res->iommu = val;
    }
    VIR_FREE(str);

    if ((str = virXMLPropString(driver, "ats"))) {
        if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("invalid ats value"));
            return -1;
        }
        res->ats = val;
    }
    VIR_FREE(str);

    if ((str = virXMLPropString(driver, "packed"))) {
        if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("invalid packed value"));
            return -1;
        }
        res->packed = val;
    }

    return 0;
}


virSaveCookieCallbacksPtr
virDomainXMLOptionGetSaveCookie(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    return &xmlopt->saveCookie;
}


void
virDomainXMLOptionSetMomentPostParse(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                                     virDomainMomentPostParseCallback cb)
{
    xmlopt->momentPostParse = cb;
}


int
virDomainXMLOptionRunMomentPostParse(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                                     virDomainMomentDefPtr def)
{
    if (!xmlopt->momentPostParse)
        return virDomainMomentDefPostParse(def);
    return xmlopt->momentPostParse(def);
}


void
virBlkioDeviceArrayClear(virBlkioDevicePtr devices,
                         int ndevices)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < ndevices; i++)
        VIR_FREE(devices[i].path);
}

/**
 * virDomainBlkioDeviceParseXML
 *
 * this function parses a XML node:
 *
 *   <device>
 *     <path>/fully/qualified/device/path</path>
 *     <weight>weight</weight>
 *     <read_bytes_sec>bps</read_bytes_sec>
 *     <write_bytes_sec>bps</write_bytes_sec>
 *     <read_iops_sec>iops</read_iops_sec>
 *     <write_iops_sec>iops</write_iops_sec>
 *   </device>
 *
 * and fills a virBlkioDevicePtr struct.
 */
static int
virDomainBlkioDeviceParseXML(xmlNodePtr root,
                             virBlkioDevicePtr dev)
{
    xmlNodePtr node;
    g_autofree char *c = NULL;

    node = root->children;
    while (node) {
        if (node->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "path") && !dev->path) {
                dev->path = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(node);
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "weight")) {
                c = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(node);
                if (virStrToLong_ui(c, NULL, 10, &dev->weight) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("could not parse weight %s"),
                                   c);
                        goto error;
                }
                VIR_FREE(c);
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "read_bytes_sec")) {
                c = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(node);
                if (virStrToLong_ull(c, NULL, 10, &dev->rbps) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("could not parse read bytes sec %s"),
                                   c);
                    goto error;
                }
                VIR_FREE(c);
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "write_bytes_sec")) {
                c = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(node);
                if (virStrToLong_ull(c, NULL, 10, &dev->wbps) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("could not parse write bytes sec %s"),
                                   c);
                    goto error;
                }
                VIR_FREE(c);
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "read_iops_sec")) {
                c = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(node);
                if (virStrToLong_ui(c, NULL, 10, &dev->riops) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("could not parse read iops sec %s"),
                                   c);
                    goto error;
                }
                VIR_FREE(c);
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "write_iops_sec")) {
                c = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(node);
                if (virStrToLong_ui(c, NULL, 10, &dev->wiops) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("could not parse write iops sec %s"),
                                   c);
                    goto error;
                }
                VIR_FREE(c);
            }
        }
        node = node->next;
    }
    if (!dev->path) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("missing per-device path"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;

 error:
    VIR_FREE(dev->path);
    return -1;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefCheckUnsupportedMemoryHotplug:
 * @def: domain definition
 *
 * Returns -1 if the domain definition would enable memory hotplug via the
 * <maxMemory> tunable and reports an error. Otherwise returns 0.
 */
static int
virDomainDefCheckUnsupportedMemoryHotplug(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    /* memory hotplug tunables are not supported by this driver */
    if (virDomainDefHasMemoryHotplug(def)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("memory hotplug tunables <maxMemory> are not "
                         "supported by this hypervisor driver"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainDeviceDefCheckUnsupportedMemoryDevice:
 * @dev: device definition
 *
 * Returns -1 if the device definition describes a memory device and reports an
 * error. Otherwise returns 0.
 */
static int
virDomainDeviceDefCheckUnsupportedMemoryDevice(virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev)
{
    /* This driver doesn't yet know how to handle memory devices */
    if (dev->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("memory devices are not supported by this driver"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


bool virDomainObjTaint(virDomainObjPtr obj,
                       virDomainTaintFlags taint)
{
    unsigned int flag = (1 << taint);

    if (obj->taint & flag)
        return false;

    obj->taint |= flag;
    return true;
}


static void
virDomainGraphicsAuthDefClear(virDomainGraphicsAuthDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    VIR_FREE(def->passwd);

    /* Don't free def */
}

static void
virDomainGraphicsListenDefClear(virDomainGraphicsListenDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    VIR_FREE(def->address);
    VIR_FREE(def->network);
    VIR_FREE(def->socket);
    return;
}


void virDomainGraphicsDefFree(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;

    if (!def)
        return;

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_VNC:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.vnc.keymap);
        virDomainGraphicsAuthDefClear(&def->data.vnc.auth);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SDL:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.sdl.display);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.sdl.xauth);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_RDP:
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_DESKTOP:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.desktop.display);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.spice.rendernode);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.spice.keymap);
        virDomainGraphicsAuthDefClear(&def->data.spice.auth);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_EGL_HEADLESS:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.egl_headless.rendernode);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->nListens; i++)
        virDomainGraphicsListenDefClear(&def->listens[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->listens);

    virObjectUnref(def->privateData);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}

const char *virDomainInputDefGetPath(virDomainInputDefPtr input)
{
    switch ((virDomainInputType) input->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_MOUSE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_TABLET:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_KBD:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_LAST:
        return NULL;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH:
        return input->source.evdev;
    }
    return NULL;
}

void virDomainInputDefFree(virDomainInputDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);
    VIR_FREE(def->source.evdev);
    VIR_FREE(def->virtio);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainLeaseDefFree(virDomainLeaseDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    VIR_FREE(def->lockspace);
    VIR_FREE(def->key);
    VIR_FREE(def->path);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}


static virDomainVcpuDefPtr
virDomainVcpuDefNew(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainVcpuDefPtr ret = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virObject) priv = NULL;

    if (xmlopt && xmlopt->privateData.vcpuNew &&
        !(priv = xmlopt->privateData.vcpuNew()))
        return NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(ret) < 0)
        return NULL;

    ret->privateData = g_steal_pointer(&priv);

    return ret;
}


static void
virDomainVcpuDefFree(virDomainVcpuDefPtr info)
{
    if (!info)
        return;

    virBitmapFree(info->cpumask);
    info->cpumask = NULL;
    virObjectUnref(info->privateData);
    VIR_FREE(info);
}


int
virDomainDefSetVcpusMax(virDomainDefPtr def,
                        unsigned int maxvcpus,
                        virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    size_t oldmax = def->maxvcpus;
    size_t i;

    if (def->maxvcpus == maxvcpus)
        return 0;

    if (def->maxvcpus < maxvcpus) {
        if (VIR_EXPAND_N(def->vcpus, def->maxvcpus, maxvcpus - def->maxvcpus) < 0)
            return -1;

        for (i = oldmax; i < def->maxvcpus; i++) {
            if (!(def->vcpus[i] = virDomainVcpuDefNew(xmlopt)))
                return -1;
        }
    } else {
        for (i = maxvcpus; i < def->maxvcpus; i++)
            virDomainVcpuDefFree(def->vcpus[i]);

        VIR_SHRINK_N(def->vcpus, def->maxvcpus, def->maxvcpus - maxvcpus);
    }

    return 0;
}


bool
virDomainDefHasVcpusOffline(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->maxvcpus; i++) {
        if (!def->vcpus[i]->online)
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}


unsigned int
virDomainDefGetVcpusMax(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    return def->maxvcpus;
}


int
virDomainDefSetVcpus(virDomainDefPtr def,
                     unsigned int vcpus)
{
    size_t i;

    if (vcpus > def->maxvcpus) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("maximum vCPU count must not be less than current "
                         "vCPU count"));
        return -1;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < vcpus; i++)
        def->vcpus[i]->online = true;

    for (i = vcpus; i < def->maxvcpus; i++)
        def->vcpus[i]->online = false;

    return 0;
}


unsigned int
virDomainDefGetVcpus(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;
    unsigned int ret = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < def->maxvcpus; i++) {
        if (def->vcpus[i]->online)
            ret++;
    }

    return ret;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefGetOnlineVcpumap:
 * @def: domain definition
 *
 * Returns a bitmap representing state of individual vcpus.
 */
virBitmapPtr
virDomainDefGetOnlineVcpumap(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    virBitmapPtr ret = NULL;
    size_t i;

    if (!(ret = virBitmapNew(def->maxvcpus)))
        return NULL;

    for (i = 0; i < def->maxvcpus; i++) {
        if (def->vcpus[i]->online)
            ignore_value(virBitmapSetBit(ret, i));
    }

    return ret;
}


virDomainVcpuDefPtr
virDomainDefGetVcpu(virDomainDefPtr def,
                    unsigned int vcpu)
{
    if (vcpu >= def->maxvcpus)
        return NULL;

    return def->vcpus[vcpu];
}


static virDomainThreadSchedParamPtr
virDomainDefGetVcpuSched(virDomainDefPtr def,
                         unsigned int vcpu)
{
    virDomainVcpuDefPtr vcpuinfo;

    if (!(vcpuinfo = virDomainDefGetVcpu(def, vcpu))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("vCPU '%u' is not present in domain definition"),
                       vcpu);
        return NULL;
    }

    return &vcpuinfo->sched;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefHasVcpuPin:
 * @def: domain definition
 *
 * This helper returns true if any of the domain's vcpus has cpu pinning set
 */
static bool
virDomainDefHasVcpuPin(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->maxvcpus; i++) {
        if (def->vcpus[i]->cpumask)
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefGetVcpuPinInfoHelper:
 * @def: domain definition
 * @maplen: length of one cpumap passed from caller (@cpumaps)
 * @ncpumaps: count of cpumaps of @maplen length in @cpumaps
 * @cpumaps: array of pinning information bitmaps to be filled
 * @hostcpus: number of cpus in the host
 * @autoCpuset: Cpu pinning bitmap used in case of automatic cpu pinning
 *
 * Fills the @cpumaps array as documented by the virDomainGetVcpuPinInfo API.
 * In case when automatic cpu pinning is supported, the bitmap should be passed
 * as @autoCpuset. If @hostcpus is < 0 no error is reported (to pass through
 * error message).
 *
 * Returns number of filled entries or -1 on error.
 */
int
virDomainDefGetVcpuPinInfoHelper(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                 int maplen,
                                 int ncpumaps,
                                 unsigned char *cpumaps,
                                 int hostcpus,
                                 virBitmapPtr autoCpuset)
{
    int maxvcpus = virDomainDefGetVcpusMax(def);
    size_t i;
    g_autoptr(virBitmap) allcpumap = NULL;

    if (hostcpus < 0)
        return -1;

    if (!(allcpumap = virHostCPUGetAvailableCPUsBitmap()))
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < maxvcpus && i < ncpumaps; i++) {
        virDomainVcpuDefPtr vcpu = virDomainDefGetVcpu(def, i);
        virBitmapPtr bitmap = NULL;

        if (vcpu && vcpu->cpumask)
            bitmap = vcpu->cpumask;
        else if (def->placement_mode == VIR_DOMAIN_CPU_PLACEMENT_MODE_AUTO &&
                 autoCpuset)
            bitmap = autoCpuset;
        else if (def->cpumask)
            bitmap = def->cpumask;
        else
            bitmap = allcpumap;

        virBitmapToDataBuf(bitmap, VIR_GET_CPUMAP(cpumaps, maplen, i), maplen);
    }

    return i;
}


/**
 * virDomainDeGetVcpusTopology:
 * @def: domain definition
 * @maxvcpus: optionally filled with number of vcpus the domain topology describes
 *
 * Calculates and validates that the vcpu topology is in sane bounds and
 * optionally returns the total number of vcpus described by given topology.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, 1 if topology is not configured and -1 on error.
 */
int
virDomainDefGetVcpusTopology(const virDomainDef *def,
                             unsigned int *maxvcpus)
{
    unsigned long long tmp;

    if (!def->cpu || def->cpu->sockets == 0)
        return 1;

    tmp = def->cpu->sockets;

    /* multiplication of 32bit numbers fits into a 64bit variable */
    if ((tmp *= def->cpu->dies) > UINT_MAX ||
        (tmp *= def->cpu->cores) > UINT_MAX ||
        (tmp *= def->cpu->threads) > UINT_MAX) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("cpu topology results in more than %u cpus"), UINT_MAX);
        return -1;
    }

    if (maxvcpus)
        *maxvcpus = tmp;

    return 0;
}


virDomainDiskDefPtr
virDomainDiskDefNew(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainDiskDefPtr ret;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(ret) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (!(ret->src = virStorageSourceNew()))
        goto error;

    if (xmlopt &&
        xmlopt->privateData.diskNew &&
        !(ret->privateData = xmlopt->privateData.diskNew()))
        goto error;

    return ret;

 error:
    virDomainDiskDefFree(ret);
    return NULL;
}


void
virDomainDiskDefFree(virDomainDiskDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virObjectUnref(def->src);
    VIR_FREE(def->serial);
    VIR_FREE(def->dst);
    virObjectUnref(def->mirror);
    VIR_FREE(def->wwn);
    VIR_FREE(def->driverName);
    VIR_FREE(def->vendor);
    VIR_FREE(def->product);
    VIR_FREE(def->domain_name);
    VIR_FREE(def->blkdeviotune.group_name);
    VIR_FREE(def->virtio);
    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);
    virObjectUnref(def->privateData);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}


int
virDomainDiskGetType(virDomainDiskDefPtr def)
{
    return def->src->type;
}


void
virDomainDiskSetType(virDomainDiskDefPtr def, int type)
{
    def->src->type = type;
}


const char *
virDomainDiskGetSource(virDomainDiskDef const *def)
{
    return def->src->path;
}


int
virDomainDiskSetSource(virDomainDiskDefPtr def, const char *src)
{
    char *tmp = g_strdup(src);
    g_free(def->src->path);
    def->src->path = tmp;
    return 0;
}


void
virDomainDiskEmptySource(virDomainDiskDefPtr def)
{
    virStorageSourcePtr src = def->src;
    bool readonly = src->readonly;

    virStorageSourceClear(src);
    src->type = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_FILE;
    /* readonly property is necessary for CDROMs and thus can't be cleared */
    src->readonly = readonly;
}


const char *
virDomainDiskGetDriver(const virDomainDiskDef *def)
{
    return def->driverName;
}


int
virDomainDiskSetDriver(virDomainDiskDefPtr def, const char *name)
{
    char *tmp = g_strdup(name);
    g_free(def->driverName);
    def->driverName = tmp;
    return 0;
}


int
virDomainDiskGetFormat(virDomainDiskDefPtr def)
{
    return def->src->format;
}


void
virDomainDiskSetFormat(virDomainDiskDefPtr def, int format)
{
    def->src->format = format;
}


virDomainControllerDefPtr
virDomainControllerDefNew(virDomainControllerType type)
{
    virDomainControllerDefPtr def;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    def->type = type;

    /* initialize anything that has a non-0 default */
    def->model = -1;
    def->idx = -1;

    switch ((virDomainControllerType) def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL:
        def->opts.vioserial.ports = -1;
        def->opts.vioserial.vectors = -1;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB:
        def->opts.usbopts.ports = -1;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_PCI:
        def->opts.pciopts.chassisNr = -1;
        def->opts.pciopts.chassis = -1;
        def->opts.pciopts.port = -1;
        def->opts.pciopts.busNr = -1;
        def->opts.pciopts.targetIndex = -1;
        def->opts.pciopts.numaNode = -1;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_XENBUS:
        def->opts.xenbusopts.maxGrantFrames = -1;
        def->opts.xenbusopts.maxEventChannels = -1;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_IDE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_FDC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SCSI:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SATA:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_CCID:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return def;
}


void virDomainControllerDefFree(virDomainControllerDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);
    VIR_FREE(def->virtio);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}


/**
 * virDomainControllerIsPSeriesPHB:
 * @cont: controller
 *
 * Checks whether @cont is a PCI Host Bridge (PHB), a specific type
 * of PCI controller used by pSeries guests.
 *
 * Returns: true if @cont is a PHB, false otherwise.
 */
bool
virDomainControllerIsPSeriesPHB(const virDomainControllerDef *cont)
{
    virDomainControllerPCIModelName name;

    /* PHBs are pci-root controllers */
    if (cont->type != VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_PCI ||
        cont->model != VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCI_ROOT) {
        return false;
    }

    name = cont->opts.pciopts.modelName;

    /* The actual device used for PHBs is spapr-pci-host-bridge */
    if (name != VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_PCI_MODEL_NAME_SPAPR_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE)
        return false;

    return true;
}


virDomainFSDefPtr
virDomainFSDefNew(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainFSDefPtr ret;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(ret) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (!(ret->src = virStorageSourceNew()))
        goto cleanup;

    if (xmlopt &&
        xmlopt->privateData.fsNew &&
        !(ret->privateData = xmlopt->privateData.fsNew()))
        goto cleanup;

    return ret;

 cleanup:
    virDomainFSDefFree(ret);
    return NULL;

}

void virDomainFSDefFree(virDomainFSDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virObjectUnref(def->src);
    VIR_FREE(def->dst);
    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);
    VIR_FREE(def->virtio);
    virObjectUnref(def->privateData);
    VIR_FREE(def->binary);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void
virDomainActualNetDefFree(virDomainActualNetDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.bridge.brname);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.direct.linkdev);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
        virDomainHostdevDefClear(&def->data.hostdev.def);
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }

    VIR_FREE(def->virtPortProfile);
    virNetDevBandwidthFree(def->bandwidth);
    virNetDevVlanClear(&def->vlan);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}


virDomainVsockDefPtr
virDomainVsockDefNew(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainVsockDefPtr ret = NULL;
    virDomainVsockDefPtr vsock;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(vsock) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (xmlopt &&
        xmlopt->privateData.vsockNew &&
        !(vsock->privateData = xmlopt->privateData.vsockNew()))
        goto cleanup;

    ret = g_steal_pointer(&vsock);
 cleanup:
    virDomainVsockDefFree(vsock);
    return ret;
}


void
virDomainVsockDefFree(virDomainVsockDefPtr vsock)
{
    if (!vsock)
        return;

    virObjectUnref(vsock->privateData);
    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&vsock->info);
    VIR_FREE(vsock);
}


void
virDomainNetDefClear(virDomainNetDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    VIR_FREE(def->modelstr);
    def->model = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_MODEL_UNKNOWN;

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_VHOSTUSER:
        virObjectUnref(def->data.vhostuser);
        def->data.vhostuser = NULL;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_SERVER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_CLIENT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_MCAST:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.socket.address);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.socket.localaddr);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.network.name);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.network.portgroup);
        virDomainActualNetDefFree(def->data.network.actual);
        def->data.network.actual = NULL;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.bridge.brname);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_INTERNAL:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.internal.name);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.direct.linkdev);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
        virDomainHostdevDefClear(&def->data.hostdev.def);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_ETHERNET:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_USER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    VIR_FREE(def->backend.tap);
    VIR_FREE(def->backend.vhost);
    VIR_FREE(def->teaming.persistent);
    VIR_FREE(def->virtPortProfile);
    VIR_FREE(def->script);
    VIR_FREE(def->downscript);
    VIR_FREE(def->domain_name);
    VIR_FREE(def->ifname);
    VIR_FREE(def->ifname_guest);
    VIR_FREE(def->ifname_guest_actual);
    VIR_FREE(def->virtio);
    VIR_FREE(def->coalesce);

    virNetDevIPInfoClear(&def->guestIP);
    virNetDevIPInfoClear(&def->hostIP);
    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);

    VIR_FREE(def->filter);
    virHashFree(def->filterparams);
    def->filterparams = NULL;

    virNetDevBandwidthFree(def->bandwidth);
    def->bandwidth = NULL;
    virNetDevVlanClear(&def->vlan);
}

void
virDomainNetDefFree(virDomainNetDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;
    virDomainNetDefClear(def);
    virObjectUnref(def->privateData);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}


const char *
virDomainChrSourceDefGetPath(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr chr)
{
    if (!chr)
        return NULL;

    switch ((virDomainChrType) chr->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PTY:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_DEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_FILE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PIPE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NMDM:
        return chr->data.file.path;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UNIX:
        return chr->data.nix.path;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_TCP:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UDP:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NULL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_VC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_STDIO:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEVMC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEPORT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_LAST:
        return NULL;
    }

    return NULL;
}


void ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(1)
virDomainChrSourceDefClear(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def)
{
    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PTY:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_DEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_FILE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PIPE:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.file.path);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NMDM:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.nmdm.master);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.nmdm.slave);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UDP:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.udp.bindHost);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.udp.bindService);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.udp.connectHost);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.udp.connectService);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_TCP:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.tcp.host);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.tcp.service);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UNIX:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.nix.path);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEPORT:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.spiceport.channel);
        break;
    }

    VIR_FREE(def->logfile);
}

/* Deep copies the contents of src into dest.  Return -1 and report
 * error on failure.  */
int
virDomainChrSourceDefCopy(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr dest,
                          virDomainChrSourceDefPtr src)
{
    if (!dest || !src)
        return -1;

    virDomainChrSourceDefClear(dest);

    switch (src->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_FILE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PTY:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_DEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PIPE:
        if (src->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_FILE)
            dest->data.file.append = src->data.file.append;
        dest->data.file.path = g_strdup(src->data.file.path);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UDP:
        dest->data.udp.bindHost = g_strdup(src->data.udp.bindHost);
        dest->data.udp.bindService = g_strdup(src->data.udp.bindService);
        dest->data.udp.connectHost = g_strdup(src->data.udp.connectHost);
        dest->data.udp.connectService = g_strdup(src->data.udp.connectService);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_TCP:
        dest->data.tcp.host = g_strdup(src->data.tcp.host);
        dest->data.tcp.service = g_strdup(src->data.tcp.service);

        dest->data.tcp.haveTLS = src->data.tcp.haveTLS;
        dest->data.tcp.tlsFromConfig = src->data.tcp.tlsFromConfig;

        dest->data.tcp.reconnect.enabled = src->data.tcp.reconnect.enabled;
        dest->data.tcp.reconnect.timeout = src->data.tcp.reconnect.timeout;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UNIX:
        dest->data.nix.path = g_strdup(src->data.nix.path);

        dest->data.nix.reconnect.enabled = src->data.nix.reconnect.enabled;
        dest->data.nix.reconnect.timeout = src->data.nix.reconnect.timeout;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NMDM:
        dest->data.nmdm.master = g_strdup(src->data.nmdm.master);
        dest->data.nmdm.slave = g_strdup(src->data.nmdm.slave);

        break;
    }

    dest->type = src->type;

    return 0;
}

static void
virDomainChrSourceDefDispose(void *obj)
{
    virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def = obj;
    size_t i;

    virDomainChrSourceDefClear(def);
    virObjectUnref(def->privateData);

    if (def->seclabels) {
        for (i = 0; i < def->nseclabels; i++)
            virSecurityDeviceLabelDefFree(def->seclabels[i]);
        VIR_FREE(def->seclabels);
    }
}


/* virDomainChrSourceDefIsEqual:
 * @src: Source
 * @tgt: Target
 *
 * Compares source and target if they contain
 * the same information.
 */
static bool
virDomainChrSourceDefIsEqual(const virDomainChrSourceDef *src,
                             const virDomainChrSourceDef *tgt)
{
    if (tgt->type != src->type)
        return false;

    switch ((virDomainChrType)src->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_FILE:
        return src->data.file.append == tgt->data.file.append &&
            STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.file.path, tgt->data.file.path);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PTY:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_DEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PIPE:
        return STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.file.path, tgt->data.file.path);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NMDM:
        return STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.nmdm.master, tgt->data.nmdm.master) &&
            STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.nmdm.slave, tgt->data.nmdm.slave);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UDP:
        return STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.udp.bindHost, tgt->data.udp.bindHost) &&
            STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.udp.bindService, tgt->data.udp.bindService) &&
            STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.udp.connectHost, tgt->data.udp.connectHost) &&
            STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.udp.connectService, tgt->data.udp.connectService);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_TCP:
        return src->data.tcp.listen == tgt->data.tcp.listen &&
            src->data.tcp.protocol == tgt->data.tcp.protocol &&
            STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.tcp.host, tgt->data.tcp.host) &&
            STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.tcp.service, tgt->data.tcp.service) &&
            src->data.tcp.reconnect.enabled == tgt->data.tcp.reconnect.enabled &&
            src->data.tcp.reconnect.timeout == tgt->data.tcp.reconnect.timeout;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UNIX:
        return src->data.nix.listen == tgt->data.nix.listen &&
            STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.nix.path, tgt->data.nix.path) &&
            src->data.nix.reconnect.enabled == tgt->data.nix.reconnect.enabled &&
            src->data.nix.reconnect.timeout == tgt->data.nix.reconnect.timeout;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEPORT:
        return STREQ_NULLABLE(src->data.spiceport.channel,
                              tgt->data.spiceport.channel);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEVMC:
        return src->data.spicevmc == tgt->data.spicevmc;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NULL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_VC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_STDIO:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return true;
}

void virDomainChrDefFree(virDomainChrDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    switch (def->deviceType) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CHANNEL:
        switch (def->targetType) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_GUESTFWD:
            VIR_FREE(def->target.addr);
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_XEN:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO:
            VIR_FREE(def->target.name);
            break;
        }
        break;

    default:
        break;
    }

    virObjectUnref(def->source);
    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainSmartcardDefFree(virDomainSmartcardDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;
    if (!def)
        return;

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_HOST:
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_HOST_CERTIFICATES:
        for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_NUM_CERTIFICATES; i++)
            VIR_FREE(def->data.cert.file[i]);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.cert.database);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH:
        virObjectUnref(def->data.passthru);
        break;

    default:
        break;
    }

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainSoundCodecDefFree(virDomainSoundCodecDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainSoundDefFree(virDomainSoundDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);

    size_t i;
    for (i = 0; i < def->ncodecs; i++)
        virDomainSoundCodecDefFree(def->codecs[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->codecs);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

virDomainSoundDefPtr
virDomainSoundDefRemove(virDomainDefPtr def, size_t idx)
{
    virDomainSoundDefPtr ret = def->sounds[idx];
    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->sounds, idx, def->nsounds);
    return ret;
}

void virDomainMemballoonDefFree(virDomainMemballoonDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);
    VIR_FREE(def->virtio);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainNVRAMDefFree(virDomainNVRAMDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainWatchdogDefFree(virDomainWatchdogDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainShmemDefFree(virDomainShmemDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);
    virDomainChrSourceDefClear(&def->server.chr);
    VIR_FREE(def->name);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}


virDomainVideoDefPtr
virDomainVideoDefNew(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainVideoDefPtr def;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (xmlopt && xmlopt->privateData.videoNew &&
        !(def->privateData = xmlopt->privateData.videoNew())) {
        VIR_FREE(def);
        return NULL;
    }

    def->heads = 1;
    return def;
}


void
virDomainVideoDefClear(virDomainVideoDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);

    if (def->accel)
        VIR_FREE(def->accel->rendernode);
    VIR_FREE(def->accel);
    VIR_FREE(def->res);
    VIR_FREE(def->virtio);
    if (def->driver)
        VIR_FREE(def->driver->vhost_user_binary);
    VIR_FREE(def->driver);
    virObjectUnref(def->privateData);

    memset(def, 0, sizeof(*def));
}


void virDomainVideoDefFree(virDomainVideoDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainVideoDefClear(def);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}


virDomainHostdevDefPtr
virDomainHostdevDefNew(void)
{
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr def;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def->info) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    VIR_FREE(def->info);
    VIR_FREE(def);
    return NULL;
}


static void
virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIiSCSIClear(virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIiSCSIPtr iscsisrc)
{
    if (!iscsisrc)
        return;

    virObjectUnref(iscsisrc->src);
    iscsisrc->src = NULL;
}


static void
virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIClear(virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIPtr scsisrc)
{
    if (scsisrc->protocol == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SCSI_PROTOCOL_TYPE_ISCSI)
        virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIiSCSIClear(&scsisrc->u.iscsi);
    else
        VIR_FREE(scsisrc->u.host.adapter);
}


void virDomainHostdevDefClear(virDomainHostdevDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    /* Free all resources in the hostdevdef. Currently the only
     * such resource is the virDomainDeviceInfo.
     */

    /* If there is a parentnet device object, it will handle freeing
     * def->info.
     */
    if (!def->parentnet)
        virDomainDeviceInfoFree(def->info);

    switch (def->mode) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_CAPABILITIES:
        switch ((virDomainHostdevCapsType) def->source.caps.type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_STORAGE:
            VIR_FREE(def->source.caps.u.storage.block);
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_MISC:
            VIR_FREE(def->source.caps.u.misc.chardev);
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_NET:
            VIR_FREE(def->source.caps.u.net.ifname);
            virNetDevIPInfoClear(&def->source.caps.u.net.ip);
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_LAST:
            break;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS:
        switch ((virDomainHostdevSubsysType) def->source.subsys.type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI:
            virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIClear(&def->source.subsys.u.scsi);
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI_HOST:
            VIR_FREE(def->source.subsys.u.scsi_host.wwpn);
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_PCI:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_LAST:
            break;
        }
        break;
    }
}

void virDomainTPMDefFree(virDomainTPMDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH:
        virDomainChrSourceDefClear(&def->data.passthrough.source);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_TYPE_EMULATOR:
        virDomainChrSourceDefClear(&def->data.emulator.source);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.emulator.storagepath);
        VIR_FREE(def->data.emulator.logfile);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainHostdevDefFree(virDomainHostdevDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    /* free all subordinate objects */
    virDomainHostdevDefClear(def);

    /* If there is a parentnet device object, it will handle freeing
     * the memory.
     */
    if (!def->parentnet)
        VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainHubDefFree(virDomainHubDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainRedirdevDefFree(virDomainRedirdevDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    virObjectUnref(def->source);
    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainRedirFilterDefFree(virDomainRedirFilterDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;

    if (!def)
        return;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nusbdevs; i++)
        VIR_FREE(def->usbdevs[i]);

    VIR_FREE(def->usbdevs);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainMemoryDefFree(virDomainMemoryDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    VIR_FREE(def->nvdimmPath);
    virBitmapFree(def->sourceNodes);
    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}

void virDomainDeviceDefFree(virDomainDeviceDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    switch ((virDomainDeviceType) def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK:
        virDomainDiskDefFree(def->data.disk);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LEASE:
        virDomainLeaseDefFree(def->data.lease);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET:
        virDomainNetDefFree(def->data.net);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT:
        virDomainInputDefFree(def->data.input);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SOUND:
        virDomainSoundDefFree(def->data.sound);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO:
        virDomainVideoDefFree(def->data.video);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV:
        virDomainHostdevDefFree(def->data.hostdev);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_WATCHDOG:
        virDomainWatchdogDefFree(def->data.watchdog);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER:
        virDomainControllerDefFree(def->data.controller);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_GRAPHICS:
        virDomainGraphicsDefFree(def->data.graphics);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB:
        virDomainHubDefFree(def->data.hub);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV:
        virDomainRedirdevDefFree(def->data.redirdev);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_RNG:
        virDomainRNGDefFree(def->data.rng);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR:
        virDomainChrDefFree(def->data.chr);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_FS:
        virDomainFSDefFree(def->data.fs);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SMARTCARD:
        virDomainSmartcardDefFree(def->data.smartcard);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMBALLOON:
        virDomainMemballoonDefFree(def->data.memballoon);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NVRAM:
        virDomainNVRAMDefFree(def->data.nvram);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SHMEM:
        virDomainShmemDefFree(def->data.shmem);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_TPM:
        virDomainTPMDefFree(def->data.tpm);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_PANIC:
        virDomainPanicDefFree(def->data.panic);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY:
        virDomainMemoryDefFree(def->data.memory);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_IOMMU:
        VIR_FREE(def->data.iommu);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VSOCK:
        virDomainVsockDefFree(def->data.vsock);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE:
        break;
    }

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

static void
virDomainClockDefClear(virDomainClockDefPtr def)
{
    if (def->offset == VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_TIMEZONE)
        VIR_FREE(def->data.timezone);

    size_t i;
    for (i = 0; i < def->ntimers; i++)
        VIR_FREE(def->timers[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->timers);
}


static bool
virDomainIOThreadIDArrayHasPin(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->niothreadids; i++) {
        if (def->iothreadids[i]->cpumask)
            return true;
    }
    return false;
}


void
virDomainIOThreadIDDefFree(virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;
    virBitmapFree(def->cpumask);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}


static void
virDomainIOThreadIDDefArrayFree(virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr *def,
                                int nids)
{
    size_t i;

    if (!def)
        return;

    for (i = 0; i < nids; i++)
        virDomainIOThreadIDDefFree(def[i]);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}


static int
virDomainIOThreadIDDefArrayInit(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                unsigned int iothreads)
{
    size_t i;
    ssize_t nxt = -1;
    virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr iothrid = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virBitmap) thrmap = NULL;

    /* Same value (either 0 or some number), then we have none to fill in or
     * the iothreadid array was filled from the XML
     */
    if (iothreads == def->niothreadids)
        return 0;

    /* iothread's are numbered starting at 1, account for that */
    if (!(thrmap = virBitmapNew(iothreads + 1)))
        return -1;
    virBitmapSetAll(thrmap);

    /* Clear 0 since we don't use it, then mark those which are
     * already provided by the user */
    ignore_value(virBitmapClearBit(thrmap, 0));
    for (i = 0; i < def->niothreadids; i++)
        ignore_value(virBitmapClearBit(thrmap,
                                       def->iothreadids[i]->iothread_id));

    /* resize array */
    if (VIR_REALLOC_N(def->iothreadids, iothreads) < 0)
        return -1;

    /* Populate iothreadids[] using the set bit number from thrmap */
    while (def->niothreadids < iothreads) {
        if ((nxt = virBitmapNextSetBit(thrmap, nxt)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("failed to populate iothreadids"));
            return -1;
        }
        if (VIR_ALLOC(iothrid) < 0)
            return -1;
        iothrid->iothread_id = nxt;
        iothrid->autofill = true;
        def->iothreadids[def->niothreadids++] = iothrid;
    }

    return 0;
}


void
virDomainResourceDefFree(virDomainResourceDefPtr resource)
{
    if (!resource)
        return;

    VIR_FREE(resource->partition);
    VIR_FREE(resource);
}

void
virDomainPanicDefFree(virDomainPanicDefPtr panic)
{
    if (!panic)
        return;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&panic->info);
    VIR_FREE(panic);
}

void
virDomainLoaderDefFree(virDomainLoaderDefPtr loader)
{
    if (!loader)
        return;

    VIR_FREE(loader->path);
    VIR_FREE(loader->nvram);
    VIR_FREE(loader->templt);
    VIR_FREE(loader);
}


static void
virDomainResctrlMonDefFree(virDomainResctrlMonDefPtr domresmon)
{
    if (!domresmon)
        return;

    virBitmapFree(domresmon->vcpus);
    virObjectUnref(domresmon->instance);
    VIR_FREE(domresmon);
}


static void
virDomainResctrlDefFree(virDomainResctrlDefPtr resctrl)
{
    size_t i = 0;

    if (!resctrl)
        return;

    for (i = 0; i < resctrl->nmonitors; i++)
        virDomainResctrlMonDefFree(resctrl->monitors[i]);

    virObjectUnref(resctrl->alloc);
    virBitmapFree(resctrl->vcpus);
    VIR_FREE(resctrl->monitors);
    VIR_FREE(resctrl);
}


static void
virDomainSEVDefFree(virDomainSEVDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    VIR_FREE(def->dh_cert);
    VIR_FREE(def->session);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}


void virDomainDefFree(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;

    if (!def)
        return;

    virDomainResourceDefFree(def->resource);

    for (i = 0; i < def->maxvcpus; i++)
        virDomainVcpuDefFree(def->vcpus[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->vcpus);

    /* hostdevs must be freed before nets (or any future "intelligent
     * hostdevs") because the pointer to the hostdev is really
     * pointing into the middle of the higher level device's object,
     * so the original object must still be available during the call
     * to virDomainHostdevDefFree().
     */
    for (i = 0; i < def->nhostdevs; i++)
        virDomainHostdevDefFree(def->hostdevs[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->hostdevs);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nleases; i++)
        virDomainLeaseDefFree(def->leases[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->leases);

    for (i = 0; i < def->ngraphics; i++)
        virDomainGraphicsDefFree(def->graphics[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->graphics);

    for (i = 0; i < def->ninputs; i++)
        virDomainInputDefFree(def->inputs[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->inputs);

    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++)
        virDomainDiskDefFree(def->disks[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->disks);

    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++)
        virDomainControllerDefFree(def->controllers[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->controllers);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nfss; i++)
        virDomainFSDefFree(def->fss[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->fss);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nnets; i++)
        virDomainNetDefFree(def->nets[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->nets);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nsmartcards; i++)
        virDomainSmartcardDefFree(def->smartcards[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->smartcards);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nserials; i++)
        virDomainChrDefFree(def->serials[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->serials);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nparallels; i++)
        virDomainChrDefFree(def->parallels[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->parallels);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nchannels; i++)
        virDomainChrDefFree(def->channels[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->channels);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nconsoles; i++)
        virDomainChrDefFree(def->consoles[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->consoles);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nsounds; i++)
        virDomainSoundDefFree(def->sounds[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->sounds);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nvideos; i++)
        virDomainVideoDefFree(def->videos[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->videos);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nhubs; i++)
        virDomainHubDefFree(def->hubs[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->hubs);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nredirdevs; i++)
        virDomainRedirdevDefFree(def->redirdevs[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->redirdevs);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nrngs; i++)
        virDomainRNGDefFree(def->rngs[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->rngs);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nmems; i++)
        virDomainMemoryDefFree(def->mems[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->mems);

    for (i = 0; i < def->ntpms; i++)
        virDomainTPMDefFree(def->tpms[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->tpms);

    for (i = 0; i < def->npanics; i++)
        virDomainPanicDefFree(def->panics[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->panics);

    VIR_FREE(def->iommu);

    VIR_FREE(def->idmap.uidmap);
    VIR_FREE(def->idmap.gidmap);

    VIR_FREE(def->os.machine);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.init);
    for (i = 0; def->os.initargv && def->os.initargv[i]; i++)
        VIR_FREE(def->os.initargv[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.initargv);
    for (i = 0; def->os.initenv && def->os.initenv[i]; i++) {
        VIR_FREE(def->os.initenv[i]->name);
        VIR_FREE(def->os.initenv[i]->value);
        VIR_FREE(def->os.initenv[i]);
    }
    VIR_FREE(def->os.initdir);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.inituser);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.initgroup);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.initenv);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.kernel);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.initrd);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.cmdline);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.dtb);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.root);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.slic_table);
    virDomainLoaderDefFree(def->os.loader);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.bootloader);
    VIR_FREE(def->os.bootloaderArgs);

    virDomainClockDefClear(&def->clock);

    VIR_FREE(def->name);
    virBitmapFree(def->cpumask);
    VIR_FREE(def->emulator);
    VIR_FREE(def->description);
    VIR_FREE(def->title);
    VIR_FREE(def->hyperv_vendor_id);

    virBlkioDeviceArrayClear(def->blkio.devices,
                             def->blkio.ndevices);
    VIR_FREE(def->blkio.devices);

    virDomainWatchdogDefFree(def->watchdog);

    virDomainMemballoonDefFree(def->memballoon);
    virDomainNVRAMDefFree(def->nvram);
    virDomainVsockDefFree(def->vsock);

    for (i = 0; i < def->mem.nhugepages; i++)
        virBitmapFree(def->mem.hugepages[i].nodemask);
    VIR_FREE(def->mem.hugepages);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nseclabels; i++)
        virSecurityLabelDefFree(def->seclabels[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->seclabels);

    virCPUDefFree(def->cpu);

    virDomainIOThreadIDDefArrayFree(def->iothreadids, def->niothreadids);

    virBitmapFree(def->cputune.emulatorpin);
    VIR_FREE(def->cputune.emulatorsched);

    virDomainNumaFree(def->numa);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nsysinfo; i++)
        virSysinfoDefFree(def->sysinfo[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->sysinfo);

    virDomainRedirFilterDefFree(def->redirfilter);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nshmems; i++)
        virDomainShmemDefFree(def->shmems[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->shmems);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nresctrls; i++)
        virDomainResctrlDefFree(def->resctrls[i]);
    VIR_FREE(def->resctrls);

    VIR_FREE(def->keywrap);

    if (def->namespaceData && def->ns.free)
        (def->ns.free)(def->namespaceData);

    virDomainSEVDefFree(def->sev);

    xmlFreeNode(def->metadata);

    VIR_FREE(def);
}

static void virDomainObjDispose(void *obj)
{
    virDomainObjPtr dom = obj;

    VIR_DEBUG("obj=%p", dom);
    virCondDestroy(&dom->cond);
    virDomainDefFree(dom->def);
    virDomainDefFree(dom->newDef);

    if (dom->privateDataFreeFunc)
        (dom->privateDataFreeFunc)(dom->privateData);

    virDomainSnapshotObjListFree(dom->snapshots);
    virDomainCheckpointObjListFree(dom->checkpoints);
}

virDomainObjPtr
virDomainObjNew(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainObjPtr domain;

    if (virDomainObjInitialize() < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (!(domain = virObjectLockableNew(virDomainObjClass)))
        return NULL;

    if (virCondInit(&domain->cond) < 0) {
        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
                             _("failed to initialize domain condition"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (xmlopt->privateData.alloc) {
        domain->privateData = (xmlopt->privateData.alloc)(xmlopt->config.priv);
        if (!domain->privateData)
            goto error;
        domain->privateDataFreeFunc = xmlopt->privateData.free;
    }

    if (!(domain->snapshots = virDomainSnapshotObjListNew()))
        goto error;

    if (!(domain->checkpoints = virDomainCheckpointObjListNew()))
        goto error;

    virObjectLock(domain);
    virDomainObjSetState(domain, VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF,
                                 VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF_UNKNOWN);

    VIR_DEBUG("obj=%p", domain);
    return domain;

 error:
    virObjectUnref(domain);
    return NULL;
}


virDomainDefPtr
virDomainDefNew(void)
{
    virDomainDefPtr ret;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(ret) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (!(ret->numa = virDomainNumaNew()))
        goto error;

    ret->mem.hard_limit = VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_PARAM_UNLIMITED;
    ret->mem.soft_limit = VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_PARAM_UNLIMITED;
    ret->mem.swap_hard_limit = VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_PARAM_UNLIMITED;

    return ret;

 error:
    virDomainDefFree(ret);
    return NULL;
}


void virDomainObjAssignDef(virDomainObjPtr domain,
                           virDomainDefPtr def,
                           bool live,
                           virDomainDefPtr *oldDef)
{
    if (oldDef)
        *oldDef = NULL;
    if (virDomainObjIsActive(domain)) {
        if (oldDef)
            *oldDef = domain->newDef;
        else
            virDomainDefFree(domain->newDef);
        domain->newDef = def;
    } else {
        if (live) {
            /* save current configuration to be restored on domain shutdown */
            if (!domain->newDef)
                domain->newDef = domain->def;
            else
                virDomainDefFree(domain->def);
            domain->def = def;
        } else {
            if (oldDef)
                *oldDef = domain->def;
            else
                virDomainDefFree(domain->def);
            domain->def = def;
        }
    }
}


/**
 * virDomainObjEndAPI:
 * @vm: domain object
 *
 * Finish working with a domain object in an API.  This function
 * clears whatever was left of a domain that was gathered using
 * virDomainObjListFindByUUID(). Currently that means only unlocking and
 * decrementing the reference counter of that domain.  And in order to
 * make sure the caller does not access the domain, the pointer is
 * cleared.
 */
void
virDomainObjEndAPI(virDomainObjPtr *vm)
{
    if (!*vm)
        return;

    virObjectUnlock(*vm);
    virObjectUnref(*vm);
    *vm = NULL;
}


void
virDomainObjBroadcast(virDomainObjPtr vm)
{
    virCondBroadcast(&vm->cond);
}


int
virDomainObjWait(virDomainObjPtr vm)
{
    if (virCondWait(&vm->cond, &vm->parent.lock) < 0) {
        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
                             _("failed to wait for domain condition"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!virDomainObjIsActive(vm)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_FAILED, "%s",
                       _("domain is not running"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * Waits for domain condition to be triggered for a specific period of time.
 *
 * Returns:
 *  -1 in case of error
 *  0 on success
 *  1 on timeout
 */
int
virDomainObjWaitUntil(virDomainObjPtr vm,
                      unsigned long long whenms)
{
    if (virCondWaitUntil(&vm->cond, &vm->parent.lock, whenms) < 0) {
        if (errno != ETIMEDOUT) {
            virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
                                 _("failed to wait for domain condition"));
            return -1;
        }
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}


/*
 * Mark the current VM config as transient. Ensures transient hotplug
 * operations do not persist past shutdown.
 *
 * @param caps pointer to capabilities info
 * @param xmlopt pointer to XML parser configuration object
 * @param domain domain object pointer
 * @return 0 on success, -1 on failure
 */
int
virDomainObjSetDefTransient(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                            virDomainObjPtr domain,
                            void *parseOpaque)
{
    if (!domain->persistent)
        return 0;

    if (domain->newDef)
        return 0;

    if (!(domain->newDef = virDomainDefCopy(domain->def, xmlopt,
                                            parseOpaque, false)))
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


/*
 * Remove the running configuration and replace it with the persistent one.
 *
 * @param domain domain object pointer
 */
void
virDomainObjRemoveTransientDef(virDomainObjPtr domain)
{
    if (!domain->newDef)
        return;

    virDomainDefFree(domain->def);
    domain->def = domain->newDef;
    domain->def->id = -1;
    domain->newDef = NULL;
}


/*
 * Return the persistent domain configuration. If domain is transient,
 * return the running config.
 *
 * @param caps pointer to capabilities info
 * @param xmlopt pointer to XML parser configuration object
 * @param domain domain object pointer
 * @return NULL on error, virDOmainDefPtr on success
 */
virDomainDefPtr
virDomainObjGetPersistentDef(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                             virDomainObjPtr domain,
                             void *parseOpaque)
{
    if (virDomainObjIsActive(domain) &&
        virDomainObjSetDefTransient(xmlopt, domain, parseOpaque) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (domain->newDef)
        return domain->newDef;
    else
        return domain->def;
}


/**
 * virDomainObjUpdateModificationImpact:
 *
 * @vm: domain object
 * @flags: flags to update the modification impact on
 *
 * Resolves virDomainModificationImpact flags in @flags so that they correctly
 * apply to the actual state of @vm. @flags may be modified after call to this
 * function.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success if @flags point to a valid combination for @vm or -1 on
 * error.
 */
int
virDomainObjUpdateModificationImpact(virDomainObjPtr vm,
                                     unsigned int *flags)
{
    bool isActive = virDomainObjIsActive(vm);

    if ((*flags & (VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE | VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG)) ==
        VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CURRENT) {
        if (isActive)
            *flags |= VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE;
        else
            *flags |= VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG;
    }

    if (!isActive && (*flags & VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_INVALID, "%s",
                       _("domain is not running"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!vm->persistent && (*flags & VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_INVALID, "%s",
                       _("transient domains do not have any "
                         "persistent config"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainObjGetDefs:
 *
 * @vm: domain object
 * @flags: for virDomainModificationImpact
 * @liveDef: Set to the pointer to the live definition of @vm.
 * @persDef: Set to the pointer to the config definition of @vm.
 *
 * Helper function to resolve @flags and retrieve correct domain pointer
 * objects. This function should be used only when the hypervisor driver always
 * creates vm->newDef once the vm is started. (qemu driver does that)
 *
 * If @liveDef or @persDef are set it implies that @flags request modification
 * of thereof.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success and sets @liveDef and @persDef; -1 if @flags are
 * inappropriate.
 */
int
virDomainObjGetDefs(virDomainObjPtr vm,
                    unsigned int flags,
                    virDomainDefPtr *liveDef,
                    virDomainDefPtr *persDef)
{
    if (liveDef)
        *liveDef = NULL;

    if (persDef)
        *persDef = NULL;

    if (virDomainObjUpdateModificationImpact(vm, &flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainObjIsActive(vm)) {
        if (liveDef && (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE))
            *liveDef = vm->def;

        if (persDef && (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG))
            *persDef = vm->newDef;
    } else {
        if (persDef)
            *persDef = vm->def;
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainObjGetOneDefState:
 *
 * @vm: Domain object
 * @flags: for virDomainModificationImpact
 * @live: set to true if live config was returned (may be omitted)
 *
 * Helper function to resolve @flags and return the correct domain pointer
 * object. This function returns one of @vm->def or @vm->persistentDef
 * according to @flags. @live is set to true if the live vm config will be
 * returned. This helper should be used only in APIs that guarantee
 * that @flags contains exactly one of VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE or
 * VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG and not both.
 *
 * Returns the correct definition pointer or NULL on error.
 */
virDomainDefPtr
virDomainObjGetOneDefState(virDomainObjPtr vm,
                           unsigned int flags,
                           bool *live)
{
    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE &&
        flags & VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG) {
        virReportInvalidArg(flags, "%s",
                            _("Flags 'VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE' and "
                              "'VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG' are mutually "
                              "exclusive"));
        return NULL;
    }

    if (virDomainObjUpdateModificationImpact(vm, &flags) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (live) {
        if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE)
            *live = true;
        else
            *live = false;
    }

    if (virDomainObjIsActive(vm) && flags & VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG)
        return vm->newDef;
    else
        return vm->def;
}


/**
 * virDomainObjGetOneDef:
 *
 * @vm: Domain object
 * @flags: for virDomainModificationImpact
 *
 * Helper function to resolve @flags and return the correct domain pointer
 * object. This function returns one of @vm->def or @vm->persistentDef
 * according to @flags. This helper should be used only in APIs that guarantee
 * that @flags contains exactly one of VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE or
 * VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG and not both.
 *
 * Returns the correct definition pointer or NULL on error.
 */
virDomainDefPtr
virDomainObjGetOneDef(virDomainObjPtr vm,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    return virDomainObjGetOneDefState(vm, flags, NULL);
}

virDomainDeviceInfoPtr
virDomainDeviceGetInfo(virDomainDeviceDefPtr device)
{
    switch ((virDomainDeviceType) device->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK:
        return &device->data.disk->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_FS:
        return &device->data.fs->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET:
        return &device->data.net->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT:
        return &device->data.input->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SOUND:
        return &device->data.sound->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO:
        return &device->data.video->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV:
        return device->data.hostdev->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_WATCHDOG:
        return &device->data.watchdog->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER:
        return &device->data.controller->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB:
        return &device->data.hub->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV:
        return &device->data.redirdev->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SMARTCARD:
        return &device->data.smartcard->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR:
        return &device->data.chr->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMBALLOON:
        return &device->data.memballoon->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NVRAM:
        return &device->data.nvram->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SHMEM:
        return &device->data.shmem->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_RNG:
        return &device->data.rng->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_TPM:
        return &device->data.tpm->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_PANIC:
        return &device->data.panic->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY:
        return &device->data.memory->info;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VSOCK:
        return &device->data.vsock->info;

    /* The following devices do not contain virDomainDeviceInfo */
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LEASE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_GRAPHICS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_IOMMU:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE:
        break;
    }
    return NULL;
}


/**
 * virDomainDeviceSetData
 * @device: virDomainDeviceDefPtr with ->type filled in
 * @devicedata: *DefPtr data for a device. Ex: virDomainDiskDefPtr
 *
 * Set the data.X variable for the device->type value. Basically
 * a mapping of virDomainDeviceType to the associated name in
 * the virDomainDeviceDef union
 */
void
virDomainDeviceSetData(virDomainDeviceDefPtr device,
                       void *devicedata)
{
    switch ((virDomainDeviceType) device->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK:
        device->data.disk = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET:
        device->data.net = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SOUND:
        device->data.sound = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV:
        device->data.hostdev = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO:
        device->data.video = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER:
        device->data.controller = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_GRAPHICS:
        device->data.graphics = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SMARTCARD:
        device->data.smartcard = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR:
        device->data.chr = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT:
        device->data.input = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_FS:
        device->data.fs = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_WATCHDOG:
        device->data.watchdog = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMBALLOON:
        device->data.memballoon = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_RNG:
        device->data.rng = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NVRAM:
        device->data.nvram = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB:
        device->data.hub = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SHMEM:
        device->data.shmem = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_TPM:
        device->data.tpm = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_PANIC:
        device->data.panic = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY:
        device->data.memory = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV:
        device->data.redirdev = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VSOCK:
        device->data.vsock = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_IOMMU:
        device->data.iommu = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LEASE:
        device->data.lease = devicedata;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST:
        break;
    }
}


static int
virDomainDefHasDeviceAddressIterator(virDomainDefPtr def G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                                     virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                                     virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info,
                                     void *opaque)
{
    virDomainDeviceInfoPtr needle = opaque;

    /* break iteration if the info was found */
    if (virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual(info, needle))
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


static bool
virDomainSkipBackcompatConsole(virDomainDefPtr def,
                               size_t idx,
                               bool all)
{
    virDomainChrDefPtr console = def->consoles[idx];

    if (!all && idx == 0 &&
        (console->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_SERIAL ||
         console->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_NONE) &&
        def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_HVM) {
        return true;
    }

    return false;
}


enum {
    DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_ALL_CONSOLES = 1 << 0,
    DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_MISSING_INFO = 1 << 1,
} virDomainDeviceIterateFlags;

/*
 * Iterates over domain devices calling @cb on each device. The default
 * behaviour can be altered with virDomainDeviceIterateFlags.
 */
static int
virDomainDeviceInfoIterateInternal(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                   virDomainDeviceInfoCallback cb,
                                   unsigned int iteratorFlags,
                                   void *opaque)
{
    size_t i;
    int rc;
    virDomainDeviceDef device;

    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK;
    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        device.data.disk = def->disks[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->disks[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nnets; i++) {
        device.data.net = def->nets[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->nets[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SOUND;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nsounds; i++) {
        device.data.sound = def->sounds[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->sounds[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nhostdevs; i++) {
        device.data.hostdev = def->hostdevs[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, def->hostdevs[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nvideos; i++) {
        device.data.video = def->videos[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->videos[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER;
    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++) {
        device.data.controller = def->controllers[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->controllers[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SMARTCARD;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nsmartcards; i++) {
        device.data.smartcard = def->smartcards[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->smartcards[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nserials; i++) {
        device.data.chr = def->serials[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->serials[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < def->nparallels; i++) {
        device.data.chr = def->parallels[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->parallels[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < def->nchannels; i++) {
        device.data.chr = def->channels[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->channels[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < def->nconsoles; i++) {
        bool all = iteratorFlags & DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_ALL_CONSOLES;

        if (virDomainSkipBackcompatConsole(def, i, all))
            continue;
        device.data.chr = def->consoles[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->consoles[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT;
    for (i = 0; i < def->ninputs; i++) {
        device.data.input = def->inputs[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->inputs[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_FS;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nfss; i++) {
        device.data.fs = def->fss[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->fss[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    if (def->watchdog) {
        device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_WATCHDOG;
        device.data.watchdog = def->watchdog;
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->watchdog->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    if (def->memballoon) {
        device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMBALLOON;
        device.data.memballoon = def->memballoon;
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->memballoon->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_RNG;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nrngs; i++) {
        device.data.rng = def->rngs[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->rngs[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    if (def->nvram) {
        device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NVRAM;
        device.data.nvram = def->nvram;
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->nvram->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nhubs; i++) {
        device.data.hub = def->hubs[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->hubs[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SHMEM;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nshmems; i++) {
        device.data.shmem = def->shmems[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->shmems[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_TPM;
    for (i = 0; i < def->ntpms; i++) {
        device.data.tpm = def->tpms[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->tpms[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_PANIC;
    for (i = 0; i < def->npanics; i++) {
        device.data.panic = def->panics[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->panics[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }

    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nmems; i++) {
        device.data.memory = def->mems[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->mems[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }

    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV;
    for (i = 0; i < def->nredirdevs; i++) {
        device.data.redirdev = def->redirdevs[i];
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->redirdevs[i]->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }

    device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VSOCK;
    if (def->vsock) {
        device.data.vsock = def->vsock;
        if ((rc = cb(def, &device, &def->vsock->info, opaque)) != 0)
            return rc;
    }

    /* If the flag below is set, make sure @cb can handle @info being NULL */
    if (iteratorFlags & DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_MISSING_INFO) {
        device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_GRAPHICS;
        for (i = 0; i < def->ngraphics; i++) {
            device.data.graphics = def->graphics[i];
            if ((rc = cb(def, &device, NULL, opaque)) != 0)
                return rc;
        }
        device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LEASE;
        for (i = 0; i < def->nleases; i++) {
            device.data.lease = def->leases[i];
            if ((rc = cb(def, &device, NULL, opaque)) != 0)
                return rc;
        }
        device.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_IOMMU;
        if (def->iommu) {
            device.data.iommu = def->iommu;
            if ((rc = cb(def, &device, NULL, opaque)) != 0)
                return rc;
        }
    }

    /* Coverity is not very happy with this - all dead_error_condition */
#if !STATIC_ANALYSIS
    /* This switch statement is here to trigger compiler warning when adding
     * a new device type. When you are adding a new field to the switch you
     * also have to add an iteration statement above. Otherwise the switch
     * statement has no real function here and should be optimized out by the
     * compiler. */
    i = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST;
    switch ((virDomainDeviceType) i) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LEASE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_FS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SOUND:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_WATCHDOG:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_GRAPHICS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SMARTCARD:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMBALLOON:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NVRAM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SHMEM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_TPM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_PANIC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_RNG:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_IOMMU:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VSOCK:
        break;
    }
#endif

    return 0;
}


int
virDomainDeviceInfoIterate(virDomainDefPtr def,
                           virDomainDeviceInfoCallback cb,
                           void *opaque)
{
    return virDomainDeviceInfoIterateInternal(def, cb, 0, opaque);
}


bool
virDomainDefHasDeviceAddress(virDomainDefPtr def,
                             virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info)
{
    if (virDomainDeviceInfoIterateInternal(def,
                                           virDomainDefHasDeviceAddressIterator,
                                           DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_ALL_CONSOLES,
                                           info) < 0)
        return true;

    return false;
}


static int
virDomainDefRejectDuplicateControllers(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    int max_idx[VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_LAST];
    virBitmapPtr bitmaps[VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_LAST] = { NULL };
    virDomainControllerDefPtr cont;
    size_t nbitmaps = 0;
    int ret = -1;
    size_t i;

    memset(max_idx, -1, sizeof(max_idx));

    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++) {
        cont = def->controllers[i];
        if (cont->idx > max_idx[cont->type])
            max_idx[cont->type] = cont->idx;
    }

    /* multiple USB controllers with the same index are allowed */
    max_idx[VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB] = -1;

    for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_LAST; i++) {
        if (max_idx[i] >= 0 && !(bitmaps[i] = virBitmapNew(max_idx[i] + 1)))
            goto cleanup;
        nbitmaps++;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++) {
        cont = def->controllers[i];

        if (max_idx[cont->type] == -1)
            continue;

        if (virBitmapIsBitSet(bitmaps[cont->type], cont->idx)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Multiple '%s' controllers with index '%d'"),
                           virDomainControllerTypeToString(cont->type),
                           cont->idx);
            goto cleanup;
        }
        ignore_value(virBitmapSetBit(bitmaps[cont->type], cont->idx));
    }

    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    for (i = 0; i < nbitmaps; i++)
        virBitmapFree(bitmaps[i]);
    return ret;
}

static int
virDomainDefRejectDuplicatePanics(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    bool exists[VIR_DOMAIN_PANIC_MODEL_LAST];
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_PANIC_MODEL_LAST; i++)
         exists[i] = false;

    for (i = 0; i < def->npanics; i++) {
        virDomainPanicModel model = def->panics[i]->model;
        if (exists[model]) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Multiple panic devices with model '%s'"),
                           virDomainPanicModelTypeToString(model));
            return -1;
        }
        exists[model] = true;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefPostParseMemory(virDomainDefPtr def,
                            unsigned int parseFlags)
{
    size_t i;
    unsigned long long numaMemory = 0;
    unsigned long long hotplugMemory = 0;

    /* Attempt to infer the initial memory size from the sum NUMA memory sizes
     * in case ABI updates are allowed or the <memory> element wasn't specified */
    if (def->mem.total_memory == 0 ||
        parseFlags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ABI_UPDATE ||
        parseFlags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ABI_UPDATE_MIGRATION)
        numaMemory = virDomainNumaGetMemorySize(def->numa);

    /* calculate the sizes of hotplug memory */
    for (i = 0; i < def->nmems; i++)
        hotplugMemory += def->mems[i]->size;

    if (numaMemory) {
        /* update the sizes in XML if nothing was set in the XML or ABI update
         * is supported */
        virDomainDefSetMemoryTotal(def, numaMemory + hotplugMemory);
    } else {
        /* verify that the sum of memory modules doesn't exceed the total
         * memory. This is necessary for virDomainDefGetMemoryInitial to work
         * properly. */
        if (hotplugMemory > def->mem.total_memory) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Total size of memory devices exceeds the total "
                             "memory size"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (virDomainDefGetMemoryInitial(def) == 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Memory size must be specified via <memory> or in the "
                         "<numa> configuration"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (def->mem.cur_balloon > virDomainDefGetMemoryTotal(def) ||
        def->mem.cur_balloon == 0)
        def->mem.cur_balloon = virDomainDefGetMemoryTotal(def);

    if ((def->mem.max_memory || def->mem.memory_slots) &&
        !(def->mem.max_memory && def->mem.memory_slots)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("both maximum memory size and "
                         "memory slot count must be specified"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (def->mem.max_memory &&
        def->mem.max_memory < virDomainDefGetMemoryTotal(def)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("maximum memory size must be equal or greater than "
                         "the actual memory size"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainDefPostParseOs(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def->os.loader)
        return;

    if (def->os.loader->path &&
        def->os.loader->type == VIR_DOMAIN_LOADER_TYPE_NONE) {
        /* By default, loader is type of 'rom' */
        def->os.loader->type = VIR_DOMAIN_LOADER_TYPE_ROM;
    }
}


static void
virDomainDefPostParseMemtune(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;

    if (virDomainNumaGetNodeCount(def->numa) == 0) {
        /* If guest NUMA is not configured and any hugepage page has nodemask
         * set to "0" free and clear that nodemas, otherwise we would rise
         * an error that there is no guest NUMA node configured. */
        for (i = 0; i < def->mem.nhugepages; i++) {
            ssize_t nextBit;

            if (!def->mem.hugepages[i].nodemask)
                continue;

            nextBit = virBitmapNextSetBit(def->mem.hugepages[i].nodemask, 0);
            if (nextBit < 0) {
                virBitmapFree(def->mem.hugepages[i].nodemask);
                def->mem.hugepages[i].nodemask = NULL;
            }
        }
    }
}


static int
virDomainDefAddConsoleCompat(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;

    /*
     * Some really crazy backcompat stuff for consoles
     *
     * Historically the first (and only) '<console>' element in an HVM guest
     * was treated as being an alias for a <serial> device.
     *
     * So if we see that this console device should be a serial device, then we
     * move the config over to def->serials[0] (or discard it if that already
     * exists). However, given console can already be filled with aliased data
     * of def->serials[0]. Keep it then.
     *
     * We then fill def->consoles[0] with a stub just so we get sequencing
     * correct for consoles > 0
     */

    /* Only the first console (if there are any) can be of type serial,
     * verify that no other console is of type serial
     */
    for (i = 1; i < def->nconsoles; i++) {
        virDomainChrDefPtr cons = def->consoles[i];

        if (cons->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_SERIAL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("Only the first console can be a serial port"));
            return -1;
        }
    }
    if (def->nconsoles > 0 && def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_HVM &&
        (def->consoles[0]->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_SERIAL ||
         def->consoles[0]->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_NONE)) {

        /* If there isn't a corresponding serial port:
         *  - create one and set, the console to be an alias for it
         *
         * If there is a corresponding serial port:
         * - Check if the source definition is equal:
         *    - if yes: leave it as-is
         *    - if no: change the console to be alias of the serial port
         */

        /* create the serial port definition from the console definition */
        if (def->nserials == 0) {
            if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->serials,
                                   def->nserials,
                                   def->consoles[0]) < 0)
                return -1;

            /* modify it to be a serial port */
            def->serials[0]->deviceType = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL;
            def->serials[0]->targetType = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_NONE;
            def->serials[0]->target.port = 0;
        } else {
            /* if the console source doesn't match */
            if (!virDomainChrSourceDefIsEqual(def->serials[0]->source,
                                              def->consoles[0]->source)) {
                virDomainChrDefFree(def->consoles[0]);
                def->consoles[0] = NULL;
            }
        }

        if (!def->consoles[0]) {
            /* allocate a new console type for the stolen one */
            if (!(def->consoles[0] = virDomainChrDefNew(NULL)))
                return -1;

            /* Create an console alias for the serial port */
            def->consoles[0]->deviceType = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE;
            def->consoles[0]->targetType = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_SERIAL;
        }
    } else if (def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_HVM && def->nserials > 0 &&
               def->serials[0]->deviceType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL) {

        switch ((virDomainChrSerialTargetType) def->serials[0]->targetType) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_ISA:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_SPAPR_VIO:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_SYSTEM:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_SCLP:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_NONE: {

            /* Create a stub console to match the serial port.
             * console[0] either does not exist
             *                or has a different type than SERIAL or NONE.
             */
            virDomainChrDefPtr chr;
            if (!(chr = virDomainChrDefNew(NULL)))
                return -1;

            if (VIR_INSERT_ELEMENT(def->consoles,
                                   0,
                                   def->nconsoles,
                                   chr) < 0) {
                virDomainChrDefFree(chr);
                return -1;
            }

            def->consoles[0]->deviceType = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE;
            def->consoles[0]->targetType = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_SERIAL;

            break;
        }

        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_PCI:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_USB:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_LAST:
            /* Nothing to do */
            break;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefPostParseTimer(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;

    /* verify settings of guest timers */
    for (i = 0; i < def->clock.ntimers; i++) {
        virDomainTimerDefPtr timer = def->clock.timers[i];

        if (timer->name == VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_NAME_KVMCLOCK ||
            timer->name == VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_NAME_HYPERVCLOCK) {
            if (timer->tickpolicy != -1) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("timer %s doesn't support setting of "
                                 "timer tickpolicy"),
                               virDomainTimerNameTypeToString(timer->name));
                return -1;
            }
        }

        if (timer->tickpolicy != VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_TICKPOLICY_CATCHUP &&
            (timer->catchup.threshold != 0 ||
             timer->catchup.limit != 0 ||
             timer->catchup.slew != 0)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("setting of timer catchup policies is only "
                             "supported with tickpolicy='catchup'"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (timer->name != VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_NAME_TSC) {
            if (timer->frequency != 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("timer %s doesn't support setting of "
                                 "timer frequency"),
                               virDomainTimerNameTypeToString(timer->name));
                return -1;
             }

            if (timer->mode != -1) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("timer %s doesn't support setting of "
                                 "timer mode"),
                               virDomainTimerNameTypeToString(timer->name));
                return -1;
             }
        }

        if (timer->name != VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_NAME_PLATFORM &&
            timer->name != VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_NAME_RTC) {
            if (timer->track != -1) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("timer %s doesn't support setting of "
                                 "timer track"),
                               virDomainTimerNameTypeToString(timer->name));
                return -1;
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainDefPostParseGraphics(virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ngraphics; i++) {
        virDomainGraphicsDefPtr graphics = def->graphics[i];

        /* If spice graphics is configured without ports and with autoport='no'
         * then we start qemu with Spice to not listen anywhere.  Let's convert
         * this configuration to the new listen type='none' which does the
         * same. */
        if (graphics->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE) {
            virDomainGraphicsListenDefPtr glisten = &graphics->listens[0];

            if (glisten->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_ADDRESS &&
                graphics->data.spice.port == 0 &&
                graphics->data.spice.tlsPort == 0 &&
                !graphics->data.spice.autoport) {
                VIR_FREE(glisten->address);
                glisten->type = VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NONE;
            }
        }
    }
}


/**
 * virDomainDriveAddressIsUsedByDisk:
 * @def: domain definition containing the disks to check
 * @bus_type: bus type
 * @addr: address to check for duplicates
 *
 * Return true if any disk is already using the given address on the
 * given bus, false otherwise.
 */
static bool
virDomainDriveAddressIsUsedByDisk(const virDomainDef *def,
                                  virDomainDiskBus bus_type,
                                  const virDomainDeviceDriveAddress *addr)
{
    virDomainDiskDefPtr disk;
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        disk = def->disks[i];

        if (disk->bus != bus_type ||
            disk->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE)
            continue;

        if (disk->info.addr.drive.controller == addr->controller &&
            disk->info.addr.drive.unit == addr->unit &&
            disk->info.addr.drive.bus == addr->bus &&
            disk->info.addr.drive.target == addr->target)
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}


/**
 * virDomainDriveAddressIsUsedByHostdev:
 * @def: domain definition containing the hostdevs to check
 * @type: bus type
 * @addr: address to check for duplicates
 *
 * Return true if any hostdev is already using the given address on the
 * given bus, false otherwise.
 */
static bool
virDomainDriveAddressIsUsedByHostdev(const virDomainDef *def,
                                     virDomainHostdevSubsysType type,
                                     const virDomainDeviceDriveAddress *addr)
{
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev;
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nhostdevs; i++) {
        hostdev = def->hostdevs[i];

        if (hostdev->source.subsys.type != type ||
            hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE)
            continue;

        if (hostdev->info->addr.drive.controller == addr->controller &&
            hostdev->info->addr.drive.unit == addr->unit &&
            hostdev->info->addr.drive.bus == addr->bus &&
            hostdev->info->addr.drive.target == addr->target)
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}


/**
 * virDomainSCSIDriveAddressIsUsed:
 * @def: domain definition to check against
 * @addr: address to check for duplicates
 *
 * Return true if the SCSI drive address is already in use, false
 * otherwise.
 */
bool
virDomainSCSIDriveAddressIsUsed(const virDomainDef *def,
                                const virDomainDeviceDriveAddress *addr)
{
    const virDomainControllerDef *cont;

    cont = virDomainDeviceFindSCSIController(def, addr);
    if (cont) {
        int max = -1;
        int reserved = -1;

        /* Different controllers have different limits. These limits here are
         * taken from QEMU source code, but nevertheless they should apply to
         * other hypervisors too. */
        switch ((virDomainControllerModelSCSI) cont->model) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_VIRTIO_SCSI:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_VIRTIO_TRANSITIONAL:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_VIRTIO_NON_TRANSITIONAL:
            max = 16383;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_IBMVSCSI:
            max = 31;
            reserved = 7;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_LSISAS1068:
            max = 1;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_LSISAS1078:
            max = 255;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_LSILOGIC:
            reserved = 7;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_VMPVSCSI:
            reserved = 7;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_BUSLOGIC:
            reserved = 7;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_DEFAULT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_AUTO:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_LAST:
            break;
        }

        if (max != -1 && addr->unit > max)
            return true;
        if (reserved != -1 && addr->unit == reserved)
            return true;
    }

    if (virDomainDriveAddressIsUsedByDisk(def, VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SCSI,
                                          addr) ||
        virDomainDriveAddressIsUsedByHostdev(def,
                                             VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI,
                                             addr))
        return true;

    return false;
}


/* Find out the next usable "unit" of a specific controller */
static int
virDomainControllerSCSINextUnit(const virDomainDef *def,
                                unsigned int max_unit,
                                unsigned int controller)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < max_unit; i++) {
        /* Default to assigning addresses using bus = target = 0 */
        const virDomainDeviceDriveAddress addr = {controller, 0, 0, i};

        if (!virDomainSCSIDriveAddressIsUsed(def, &addr))
            return i;
    }

    return -1;
}


#define SCSI_WIDE_BUS_MAX_CONT_UNIT 16
#define SCSI_NARROW_BUS_MAX_CONT_UNIT 7

static int
virDomainHostdevAssignAddress(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                              const virDomainDef *def,
                              virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev)
{
    int next_unit = 0;
    int controller = 0;
    unsigned int max_unit;

    if (xmlopt->config.features & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_WIDE_SCSI)
        max_unit = SCSI_WIDE_BUS_MAX_CONT_UNIT;
    else
        max_unit = SCSI_NARROW_BUS_MAX_CONT_UNIT;

    /* NB: Do not attempt calling virDomainDefMaybeAddController to
     * automagically add a "new" controller. Doing so will result in
     * qemuDomainFindOrCreateSCSIDiskController "finding" the controller
     * in the domain def list and thus not hotplugging the controller as
     * well as the hostdev in the event that there are either no SCSI
     * controllers defined or there was no space on an existing one.
     *
     * Because we cannot add a controller, then we should not walk the
     * defined controllers list in order to find empty space. Doing
     * so fails to return the valid next unit number for the 2nd
     * hostdev being added to the as yet to be created controller.
     */
    do {
        next_unit = virDomainControllerSCSINextUnit(def, max_unit, controller);
        if (next_unit < 0)
            controller++;
    } while (next_unit < 0);


    hostdev->info->type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE;
    hostdev->info->addr.drive.controller = controller;
    hostdev->info->addr.drive.bus = 0;
    hostdev->info->addr.drive.target = 0;
    hostdev->info->addr.drive.unit = next_unit;

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainPostParseCheckISCSIPath
 * @srcpath: Source path read (a/k/a, IQN) either disk or hostdev
 *
 * The details of an IQN is defined by RFC 3720 and 3721, but
 * we just need to make sure there's a lun provided. If not
 * provided, then default to zero. For an ISCSI LUN that is
 * is provided by /dev/disk/by-path/... , then that path will
 * have the specific lun requested.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure
 */
static int
virDomainPostParseCheckISCSIPath(char **srcpath)
{
    char *path = NULL;

    if (strchr(*srcpath, '/'))
        return 0;

    path = g_strdup_printf("%s/0", *srcpath);
    VIR_FREE(*srcpath);
    *srcpath = g_steal_pointer(&path);
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainHostdevDefPostParse(virDomainHostdevDefPtr dev,
                             const virDomainDef *def,
                             virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIPtr scsisrc;

    if (dev->mode != VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS)
        return 0;

    switch (dev->source.subsys.type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI:
        scsisrc = &dev->source.subsys.u.scsi;
        if (scsisrc->protocol == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SCSI_PROTOCOL_TYPE_ISCSI) {
            virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIiSCSIPtr iscsisrc = &scsisrc->u.iscsi;

            if (virDomainPostParseCheckISCSIPath(&iscsisrc->src->path) < 0)
                return -1;
        }

        if (dev->info->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
            virDomainHostdevAssignAddress(xmlopt, def, dev) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Cannot assign SCSI host device address"));
            return -1;
        } else {
            /* Ensure provided address doesn't conflict with existing
             * scsi disk drive address
             */
            virDomainDeviceDriveAddressPtr addr = &dev->info->addr.drive;
            if (virDomainDriveAddressIsUsedByDisk(def,
                                                  VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SCSI,
                                                  addr)) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("SCSI host address controller='%u' "
                                 "bus='%u' target='%u' unit='%u' in "
                                 "use by a SCSI disk"),
                               addr->controller, addr->bus,
                               addr->target, addr->unit);
                return -1;
            }
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV: {
        int model = dev->source.subsys.u.mdev.model;

        if (dev->info->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE)
            return 0;

        if ((model == VIR_MDEV_MODEL_TYPE_VFIO_PCI &&
             dev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_PCI) ||
            (model == VIR_MDEV_MODEL_TYPE_VFIO_CCW &&
             dev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCW)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Unsupported address type '%s' with mediated "
                             "device model '%s'"),
                           virDomainDeviceAddressTypeToString(dev->info->type),
                           virMediatedDeviceModelTypeToString(model));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_PCI:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI_HOST:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainCheckVirtioOptions(virDomainVirtioOptionsPtr virtio)
{
    if (!virtio)
        return 0;

    if (virtio->iommu != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("iommu driver option is only supported "
                         "for virtio devices"));
        return -1;
    }
    if (virtio->ats != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("ats driver option is only supported "
                         "for virtio devices"));
        return -1;
    }
    if (virtio->packed != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("packed driver option is only supported "
                         "for virtio devices"));
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainChrDefPostParse(virDomainChrDefPtr chr,
                         const virDomainDef *def)
{
    const virDomainChrDef **arrPtr;
    size_t i, cnt;

    virDomainChrGetDomainPtrs(def, chr->deviceType, &arrPtr, &cnt);

    if (chr->deviceType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE &&
        chr->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_NONE) {
        chr->targetType = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_SERIAL;
    }

    if (chr->target.port == -1 &&
        (chr->deviceType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_PARALLEL ||
         chr->deviceType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL ||
         chr->deviceType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE)) {
        int maxport = -1;

        for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
            if (arrPtr[i]->target.port > maxport)
                maxport = arrPtr[i]->target.port;
        }

        chr->target.port = maxport + 1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainRNGDefPostParse(virDomainRNGDefPtr rng)
{
    /* set default path for virtio-rng "random" backend to /dev/random */
    if (rng->backend == VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_RANDOM &&
        !rng->source.file) {
        rng->source.file = g_strdup("/dev/random");
    }

    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainDiskExpandGroupIoTune(virDomainDiskDefPtr disk,
                               const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    if (!disk->blkdeviotune.group_name ||
        virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoHasAny(&disk->blkdeviotune))
        return;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        virDomainDiskDefPtr d = def->disks[i];

        if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(disk->blkdeviotune.group_name, d->blkdeviotune.group_name) ||
            !virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoHasAny(&d->blkdeviotune))
            continue;


        VIR_FREE(disk->blkdeviotune.group_name);
        virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoCopy(&d->blkdeviotune, &disk->blkdeviotune);

        return;
    }
}


static int
virDomainDiskDefPostParse(virDomainDiskDefPtr disk,
                          const virDomainDef *def,
                          virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    /* internal snapshots and config files are currently supported
     * only with rbd: */
    if (virStorageSourceGetActualType(disk->src) != VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        disk->src->protocol != VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_RBD) {
        if (disk->src->snapshot) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("<snapshot> element is currently supported "
                             "only with 'rbd' disks"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (disk->src->configFile) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("<config> element is currently supported "
                             "only with 'rbd' disks"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (disk->src->type == VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        disk->src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_ISCSI &&
        virDomainPostParseCheckISCSIPath(&disk->src->path) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (disk->bus != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_VIRTIO &&
        virDomainCheckVirtioOptions(disk->virtio) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (disk->src->type == VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NVME) {
        if (disk->src->nvme->managed == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT)
            disk->src->nvme->managed = VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES;
    }

    if (disk->info.type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
        virDomainDiskDefAssignAddress(xmlopt, disk, def) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    virDomainDiskExpandGroupIoTune(disk, def);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainVideoDefPostParse(virDomainVideoDefPtr video,
                           const virDomainDef *def)
{
    /* Fill out (V)RAM if the driver-specific callback did not do so */
    if (video->ram == 0 && video->type == VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_QXL)
        video->ram = virDomainVideoDefaultRAM(def, video->type);
    if (video->vram == 0)
        video->vram = virDomainVideoDefaultRAM(def, video->type);

    video->ram = VIR_ROUND_UP_POWER_OF_TWO(video->ram);
    video->vram = VIR_ROUND_UP_POWER_OF_TWO(video->vram);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainControllerDefPostParse(virDomainControllerDefPtr cdev)
{
    if (cdev->iothread &&
        cdev->model != VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_VIRTIO_SCSI &&
        cdev->model != VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_VIRTIO_TRANSITIONAL &&
        cdev->model != VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_VIRTIO_NON_TRANSITIONAL) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("'iothread' attribute only supported for "
                         "virtio scsi controllers"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainNetDefPostParse(virDomainNetDefPtr net)
{
    if (!virDomainNetIsVirtioModel(net) &&
        virDomainCheckVirtioOptions(net->virtio) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainVsockDefPostParse(virDomainVsockDefPtr vsock)
{
    if (vsock->auto_cid == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT) {
        if (vsock->guest_cid != 0)
            vsock->auto_cid = VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_NO;
        else
            vsock->auto_cid = VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDeviceDefPostParseCommon(virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                                  const virDomainDef *def,
                                  unsigned int parseFlags G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                                  virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    int ret = -1;

    switch ((virDomainDeviceType)dev->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR:
        ret = virDomainChrDefPostParse(dev->data.chr, def);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_RNG:
        ret = virDomainRNGDefPostParse(dev->data.rng);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK:
        ret = virDomainDiskDefPostParse(dev->data.disk, def, xmlopt);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO:
        ret = virDomainVideoDefPostParse(dev->data.video, def);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV:
        ret = virDomainHostdevDefPostParse(dev->data.hostdev, def, xmlopt);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER:
        ret = virDomainControllerDefPostParse(dev->data.controller);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET:
        ret = virDomainNetDefPostParse(dev->data.net);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VSOCK:
        ret = virDomainVsockDefPostParse(dev->data.vsock);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LEASE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_FS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SOUND:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_WATCHDOG:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_GRAPHICS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SMARTCARD:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMBALLOON:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NVRAM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SHMEM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_TPM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_PANIC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_IOMMU:
        ret = 0;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("unexpected VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE"));
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST:
    default:
        virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainDeviceType, dev->type);
        break;
    }

    return ret;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefRemoveOfflineVcpuPin:
 * @def: domain definition
 *
 * This function removes vcpu pinning information from offline vcpus. This is
 * designed to be used for drivers which don't support offline vcpupin.
 */
static void
virDomainDefRemoveOfflineVcpuPin(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;
    virDomainVcpuDefPtr vcpu;

    for (i = 0; i < virDomainDefGetVcpusMax(def); i++) {
        vcpu = virDomainDefGetVcpu(def, i);

        if (vcpu && !vcpu->online && vcpu->cpumask) {
            virBitmapFree(vcpu->cpumask);
            vcpu->cpumask = NULL;

            VIR_WARN("Ignoring unsupported vcpupin for offline vcpu '%zu'", i);
        }
    }
}


static void
virDomainAssignControllerIndexes(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    /* the index attribute of a controller is optional in the XML, but
     * is required to be valid at any time after parse. When no index
     * is provided for a controller, assign one automatically by
     * looking at what indexes are already used for that controller
     * type in the domain - the unindexed controller gets the lowest
     * unused index.
     */
    size_t outer;

    for (outer = 0; outer < def->ncontrollers; outer++) {
        virDomainControllerDefPtr cont = def->controllers[outer];
        virDomainControllerDefPtr prev = NULL;
        size_t inner;

        if (cont->idx != -1)
            continue;

        if (outer > 0 && IS_USB2_CONTROLLER(cont)) {
            /* USB2 controllers are the only exception to the simple
             * "assign the lowest unused index". A group of USB2
             * "companions" should all be at the same index as other
             * USB2 controllers in the group, but only do this
             * automatically if it appears to be the intent. To prove
             * intent: the USB controller on the list just prior to
             * this one must also be a USB2 controller, and there must
             * not yet be a controller with the exact same model of
             * this one and the same index as the previously added
             * controller (e.g., if this controller is a UHCI1, then
             * the previous controller must be an EHCI1 or a UHCI[23],
             * and there must not already be a UHCI1 controller with
             * the same index as the previous controller). If all of
             * these are satisfied, set this controller to the same
             * index as the previous controller.
             */
            int prevIdx;

            prevIdx = outer - 1;
            while (prevIdx >= 0 &&
                   def->controllers[prevIdx]->type != VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB)
                prevIdx--;
            if (prevIdx >= 0)
                prev = def->controllers[prevIdx];
            /* if the last USB controller isn't USB2, that breaks
             * the chain, so we need a new index for this new
             * controller
             */
            if (prev && !IS_USB2_CONTROLLER(prev))
                prev = NULL;

            /* if prev != NULL, we've found a potential index to
             * use. Make sure this index isn't already used by an
             * existing USB2 controller of the same model as the new
             * one.
             */
            for (inner = 0; prev && inner < def->ncontrollers; inner++) {
                if (def->controllers[inner]->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB &&
                    def->controllers[inner]->idx == prev->idx &&
                    def->controllers[inner]->model == cont->model) {
                    /* we already have a controller of this model with
                     * the proposed index, so we need to move to a new
                     * index for this controller
                     */
                    prev = NULL;
                }
            }
            if (prev)
                cont->idx = prev->idx;
        }
        /* if none of the above applied, prev will be NULL */
        if (!prev)
            cont->idx = virDomainControllerFindUnusedIndex(def, cont->type);
    }
}


#define UNSUPPORTED(FEATURE) (!((FEATURE) & xmlopt->config.features))
/**
 * virDomainDefPostParseCheckFeatures:
 * @def: domain definition
 * @xmlopt: XML parser option object
 *
 * This function checks that the domain configuration is supported according to
 * the supported features for a given hypervisor. See virDomainDefFeatures and
 * virDomainDefParserConfig.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success and -1 on error with an appropriate libvirt error.
 */
static int
virDomainDefPostParseCheckFeatures(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                   virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    if (UNSUPPORTED(VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG) &&
        virDomainDefCheckUnsupportedMemoryHotplug(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (UNSUPPORTED(VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_OFFLINE_VCPUPIN))
        virDomainDefRemoveOfflineVcpuPin(def);

    if (UNSUPPORTED(VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_NAME_SLASH)) {
        if (def->name && strchr(def->name, '/')) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("name %s cannot contain '/'"), def->name);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (UNSUPPORTED(VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_INDIVIDUAL_VCPUS) &&
        def->individualvcpus) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("individual CPU state configuration is not supported"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainDeviceDefPostParseCheckFeatures:
 * @dev: device definition
 * @xmlopt: XML parser option object
 *
 * This function checks that the device configuration is supported according to
 * the supported features for a given hypervisor. See virDomainDefFeatures and
 * virDomainDefParserConfig.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success and -1 on error with an appropriate libvirt error.
 */
static int
virDomainDeviceDefPostParseCheckFeatures(virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                                         virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    if (UNSUPPORTED(VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG) &&
        virDomainDeviceDefCheckUnsupportedMemoryDevice(dev) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (UNSUPPORTED(VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_NET_MODEL_STRING) &&
        dev->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET &&
        dev->data.net->modelstr) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("driver does not support net model '%s'"),
                       dev->data.net->modelstr);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}
#undef UNSUPPORTED


static int
virDomainDeviceDefPostParse(virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                            const virDomainDef *def,
                            unsigned int flags,
                            virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                            void *parseOpaque)
{
    int ret;

    if (xmlopt->config.devicesPostParseCallback) {
        ret = xmlopt->config.devicesPostParseCallback(dev, def, flags,
                                                      xmlopt->config.priv,
                                                      parseOpaque);
        if (ret < 0)
            return ret;
    }

    if ((ret = virDomainDeviceDefPostParseCommon(dev, def, flags, xmlopt)) < 0)
        return ret;

    if (virDomainDeviceDefPostParseCheckFeatures(dev, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainDeviceDefPostParseOne(virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                               const virDomainDef *def,
                               unsigned int flags,
                               virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                               void *parseOpaque)
{
    void *data = NULL;
    int ret;

    if (!parseOpaque && xmlopt->config.domainPostParseDataAlloc) {
        if (xmlopt->config.domainPostParseDataAlloc(def, flags,
                                                    xmlopt->config.priv,
                                                    &data) < 0)
            return -1;
        parseOpaque = data;
    }

    ret = virDomainDeviceDefPostParse(dev, def, flags, xmlopt, parseOpaque);

    if (data && xmlopt->config.domainPostParseDataFree)
        xmlopt->config.domainPostParseDataFree(data);

    return ret;
}


struct virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIteratorData {
    virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt;
    void *parseOpaque;
    unsigned int parseFlags;
};


static int
virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIterator(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                    virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                                    virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                                    void *opaque)
{
    struct virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIteratorData *data = opaque;
    return virDomainDeviceDefPostParse(dev, def,
                                       data->parseFlags, data->xmlopt,
                                       data->parseOpaque);
}


static int
virDomainVcpuDefPostParse(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    virDomainVcpuDefPtr vcpu;
    size_t maxvcpus = virDomainDefGetVcpusMax(def);
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < maxvcpus; i++) {
        vcpu = virDomainDefGetVcpu(def, i);

        /* impossible but some compilers don't like it */
        if (!vcpu)
            continue;

        switch (vcpu->hotpluggable) {
        case VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT:
            if (vcpu->online)
                vcpu->hotpluggable = VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_NO;
            else
                vcpu->hotpluggable = VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES;
            break;

        case VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_NO:
            if (!vcpu->online) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("vcpu '%zu' is both offline and not "
                                 "hotpluggable"), i);
                return -1;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES:
        case VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_LAST:
            break;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefPostParseCPU(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def->cpu)
        return 0;

    if (def->cpu->mode == VIR_CPU_MODE_CUSTOM &&
        !def->cpu->model &&
        def->cpu->check != VIR_CPU_CHECK_DEFAULT) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("check attribute specified for CPU with no model"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefCollectBootOrder(virDomainDefPtr def G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                             virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                             virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info,
                             void *data)
{
    virHashTablePtr bootHash = data;
    g_autofree char *order = NULL;

    if (info->bootIndex == 0)
        return 0;

    if (dev->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV &&
        dev->data.hostdev->parentnet) {
        /* This hostdev is a child of a higher level device
         * (e.g. interface), and thus already being counted on the
         * list for the other device type.
         */
        return 0;
    }
    order = g_strdup_printf("%u", info->bootIndex);

    if (virHashLookup(bootHash, order)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("boot order '%s' used for more than one device"),
                       order);
        return -1;
    }

    if (virHashAddEntry(bootHash, order, (void *) 1) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefBootOrderPostParse(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    virHashTablePtr bootHash = NULL;
    int ret = -1;

    if (!(bootHash = virHashCreate(5, NULL)))
        goto cleanup;

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoIterate(def, virDomainDefCollectBootOrder, bootHash) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if (def->os.nBootDevs > 0 && virHashSize(bootHash) > 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("per-device boot elements cannot be used"
                         " together with os/boot elements"));
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (def->os.nBootDevs == 0 && virHashSize(bootHash) == 0) {
        def->os.nBootDevs = 1;
        def->os.bootDevs[0] = VIR_DOMAIN_BOOT_DISK;
    }

    ret = 0;

 cleanup:
    virHashFree(bootHash);
    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainDefPostParseVideo(virDomainDefPtr def,
                           void *opaque)
{
    if (def->nvideos == 0)
        return 0;

    if (def->videos[0]->type == VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_NONE) {
        char *alias;

        /* we don't want to format any values we automatically fill in for
         * videos into the XML, so clear them, but retain any user-assigned
         * alias */
        alias = g_steal_pointer(&def->videos[0]->info.alias);
        virDomainVideoDefClear(def->videos[0]);
        def->videos[0]->type = VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_NONE;
        def->videos[0]->info.alias = g_steal_pointer(&alias);
    } else {
        virDomainDeviceDef device = {
            .type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO,
            .data.video = def->videos[0],
        };

        /* Mark the first video as primary. If the user specified
         * primary="yes", the parser already inserted the device at
         * def->videos[0]
         */
        def->videos[0]->primary = true;

        /* videos[0] might have been added in AddImplicitDevices, after we've
         * done the per-device post-parse */
        if (virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIterator(def, &device,
                                                NULL, opaque) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefPostParseCommon(virDomainDefPtr def,
                            struct virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIteratorData *data,
                            virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    size_t i;

    /* verify init path for container based domains */
    if (def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_EXE && !def->os.init) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("init binary must be specified"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virDomainVcpuDefPostParse(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefPostParseMemory(def, data->parseFlags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virDomainDefPostParseOs(def);

    virDomainDefPostParseMemtune(def);

    if (virDomainDefRejectDuplicateControllers(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefRejectDuplicatePanics(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_HVM &&
        !(data->xmlopt->config.features & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_NO_BOOT_ORDER) &&
        virDomainDefBootOrderPostParse(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefPostParseTimer(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefAddImplicitDevices(def, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefPostParseVideo(def, data) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->nserials != 0) {
        virDomainDeviceDef device = {
            .type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR,
            .data.chr = def->serials[0],
        };

        /* serials[0] might have been added in AddImplicitDevices, after we've
         * done the per-device post-parse */
        if (virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIterator(def, &device, NULL, data) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    /* Implicit SCSI controllers without a defined model might have
     * been added in AddImplicitDevices, after we've done the per-device
     * post-parse. */
    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++) {
        if (def->controllers[i]->model == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_SCSI_DEFAULT &&
            def->controllers[i]->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SCSI) {
            virDomainDeviceDef device = {
                .type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER,
                .data.controller = def->controllers[i],
            };
            if (virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIterator(def, &device, NULL, data) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    /* clean up possibly duplicated metadata entries */
    virXMLNodeSanitizeNamespaces(def->metadata);

    virDomainDefPostParseGraphics(def);

    if (virDomainDefPostParseCPU(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefPostParseCheckFailure(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                  unsigned int parseFlags,
                                  int ret)
{
    if (ret != 0)
        def->postParseFailed = true;

    if (ret <= 0)
        return ret;

    if (!(parseFlags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ALLOW_POST_PARSE_FAIL))
        return -1;

    virResetLastError();
    return 0;
}


int
virDomainDefPostParse(virDomainDefPtr def,
                      unsigned int parseFlags,
                      virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                      void *parseOpaque)
{
    int ret = -1;
    bool localParseOpaque = false;
    struct virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIteratorData data = {
        .xmlopt = xmlopt,
        .parseFlags = parseFlags,
        .parseOpaque = parseOpaque,
    };

    def->postParseFailed = false;

    /* call the basic post parse callback */
    if (xmlopt->config.domainPostParseBasicCallback) {
        ret = xmlopt->config.domainPostParseBasicCallback(def,
                                                          xmlopt->config.priv);

        if (virDomainDefPostParseCheckFailure(def, parseFlags, ret) < 0)
            goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!data.parseOpaque &&
        xmlopt->config.domainPostParseDataAlloc) {
        ret = xmlopt->config.domainPostParseDataAlloc(def, parseFlags,
                                                      xmlopt->config.priv,
                                                      &data.parseOpaque);

        if (virDomainDefPostParseCheckFailure(def, parseFlags, ret) < 0)
            goto cleanup;
        localParseOpaque = true;
    }

    /* this must be done before the hypervisor-specific callback,
     * in case presence of a controller at a specific index is checked
     */
    virDomainAssignControllerIndexes(def);

    /* call the domain config callback */
    if (xmlopt->config.domainPostParseCallback) {
        ret = xmlopt->config.domainPostParseCallback(def, parseFlags,
                                                     xmlopt->config.priv,
                                                     data.parseOpaque);
        if (virDomainDefPostParseCheckFailure(def, parseFlags, ret) < 0)
            goto cleanup;
    }

    /* iterate the devices */
    ret = virDomainDeviceInfoIterateInternal(def,
                                             virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIterator,
                                             DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_ALL_CONSOLES |
                                             DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_MISSING_INFO,
                                             &data);

    if (virDomainDefPostParseCheckFailure(def, parseFlags, ret) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if ((ret = virDomainDefPostParseCommon(def, &data, xmlopt)) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if (xmlopt->config.assignAddressesCallback) {
        ret = xmlopt->config.assignAddressesCallback(def, parseFlags,
                                                     xmlopt->config.priv,
                                                     data.parseOpaque);
        if (virDomainDefPostParseCheckFailure(def, parseFlags, ret) < 0)
            goto cleanup;
    }

    if ((ret = virDomainDefPostParseCheckFeatures(def, xmlopt)) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    ret = 0;

 cleanup:
    if (localParseOpaque && xmlopt->config.domainPostParseDataFree)
        xmlopt->config.domainPostParseDataFree(data.parseOpaque);

    if (ret == 1)
        ret = -1;

    return ret;
}


/**
 * virDomainDiskAddressDiskBusCompatibility:
 * @bus: disk bus type
 * @addressType: disk address type
 *
 * Check if the specified disk address type @addressType is compatible
 * with the specified disk bus type @bus. This function checks
 * compatibility with the bus types SATA, SCSI, FDC, and IDE only,
 * because only these are handled in common code.
 *
 * Returns true if compatible or can't be decided in common code,
 *         false if known to be not compatible.
 */
static bool
virDomainDiskAddressDiskBusCompatibility(virDomainDiskBus bus,
                                         virDomainDeviceAddressType addressType)
{
    if (addressType == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE)
        return true;

    switch (bus) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_IDE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_FDC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SCSI:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SATA:
        return addressType == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_VIRTIO:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_XEN:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_USB:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_UML:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SD:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_LAST:
        return true;
    }

    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                   _("unexpected bus type '%d'"),
                   bus);
    return true;
}


static int
virSecurityDeviceLabelDefValidateXML(virSecurityDeviceLabelDefPtr *seclabels,
                                     size_t nseclabels,
                                     virSecurityLabelDefPtr *vmSeclabels,
                                     size_t nvmSeclabels)
{
    virSecurityDeviceLabelDefPtr seclabel;
    size_t i;
    size_t j;

    for (i = 0; i < nseclabels; i++) {
        seclabel = seclabels[i];

        /* find the security label that it's being overridden */
        for (j = 0; j < nvmSeclabels; j++) {
            if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(vmSeclabels[j]->model, seclabel->model))
                continue;

            if (!vmSeclabels[j]->relabel) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("label overrides require relabeling to be "
                                 "enabled at the domain level"));
                return -1;
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskDefValidate(const virDomainDef *def,
                         const virDomainDiskDef *disk)
{
    virStorageSourcePtr next;

    /* Validate LUN configuration */
    if (disk->device == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_LUN) {
        /* volumes haven't been translated at this point, so accept them */
        if (!(disk->src->type == VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_BLOCK ||
              disk->src->type == VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_VOLUME ||
              (disk->src->type == VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK &&
               disk->src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_ISCSI))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("disk '%s' improperly configured for a "
                             "device='lun'"), disk->dst);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (disk->src->pr &&
        disk->device != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_LUN) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("<reservations/> allowed only for lun devices"));
        return -1;
    }

    /* Reject disks with a bus type that is not compatible with the
     * given address type. The function considers only buses that are
     * handled in common code. For other bus types it's not possible
     * to decide compatibility in common code.
     */
    if (!virDomainDiskAddressDiskBusCompatibility(disk->bus, disk->info.type)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Invalid address type '%s' for the disk '%s' with the bus type '%s'"),
                       virDomainDeviceAddressTypeToString(disk->info.type),
                       disk->dst,
                       virDomainDiskBusTypeToString(disk->bus));
        return -1;
    }

    if (disk->queues && disk->bus != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_VIRTIO) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("queues attribute in disk driver element is only "
                         "supported by virtio-blk"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (disk->bus != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_VIRTIO &&
        (disk->model == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_MODEL_VIRTIO ||
         disk->model == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_MODEL_VIRTIO_TRANSITIONAL ||
         disk->model == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_MODEL_VIRTIO_NON_TRANSITIONAL)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("disk model '%s' not supported for bus '%s'"),
                       virDomainDiskModelTypeToString(disk->model),
                       virDomainDiskBusTypeToString(disk->bus));
        return -1;
    }

    if (disk->src->type == VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NVME) {
        /* NVMe namespaces start from 1 */
        if (disk->src->nvme->namespc == 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("NVMe namespace can't be zero"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    for (next = disk->src; next; next = next->backingStore) {
        if (virSecurityDeviceLabelDefValidateXML(next->seclabels,
                                                 next->nseclabels,
                                                 def->seclabels,
                                                 def->nseclabels) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

bool
virDomainDefHasUSB(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++) {
        if (def->controllers[i]->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB &&
            def->controllers[i]->model != VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_NONE)
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}


#define SERIAL_CHANNEL_NAME_CHARS \
    "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_-."


static int
virDomainChrSourceDefValidate(const virDomainChrSourceDef *src_def,
                              const virDomainChrDef *chr_def,
                              const virDomainDef *def)
{
    switch ((virDomainChrType) src_def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NULL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PTY:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_VC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_STDIO:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEVMC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_LAST:
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_FILE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_DEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PIPE:
        if (!src_def->data.file.path) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing source path attribute for char device"));
            return -1;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NMDM:
        if (!src_def->data.nmdm.master) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing master path attribute for nmdm device"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (!src_def->data.nmdm.slave) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing slave path attribute for nmdm device"));
            return -1;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_TCP:
        if (!src_def->data.tcp.host) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing source host attribute for char device"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (!src_def->data.tcp.service) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing source service attribute for char device"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (src_def->data.tcp.listen && src_def->data.tcp.reconnect.enabled) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("chardev reconnect is possible only for connect mode"));
            return -1;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UDP:
        if (!src_def->data.udp.connectService) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing source service attribute for char device"));
            return -1;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UNIX:
        /* The source path can be auto generated for certain specific
         * types of channels, but in most cases we should report an
         * error if the user didn't provide it */
        if (!src_def->data.nix.path &&
            !(chr_def &&
              chr_def->deviceType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CHANNEL &&
              (chr_def->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_XEN ||
               chr_def->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing source path attribute for char device"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (src_def->data.nix.listen && src_def->data.nix.reconnect.enabled) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("chardev reconnect is possible only for connect mode"));
            return -1;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEPORT:
        if (!src_def->data.spiceport.channel) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing source channel attribute for char device"));
            return -1;
        }
        if (strspn(src_def->data.spiceport.channel,
                   SERIAL_CHANNEL_NAME_CHARS) < strlen(src_def->data.spiceport.channel)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG, "%s",
                           _("Invalid character in source channel for char device"));
            return -1;
        }
        break;
    }

    if (virSecurityDeviceLabelDefValidateXML(src_def->seclabels,
                                             src_def->nseclabels,
                                             def->seclabels,
                                             def->nseclabels) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainRedirdevDefValidate(const virDomainDef *def,
                             const virDomainRedirdevDef *redirdev)
{
    if (redirdev->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_REDIRDEV_BUS_USB &&
        !virDomainDefHasUSB(def)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("cannot add redirected USB device: "
                         "USB is disabled for this domain"));
        return -1;
    }

    return virDomainChrSourceDefValidate(redirdev->source, NULL, def);
}


static int
virDomainNetDefValidatePortOptions(const char *macstr,
                                   virDomainNetType type,
                                   const virNetDevVPortProfile *vport,
                                   virTristateBool isolatedPort)
{
    /*
     * This function can be called for either a config interface
     * object (NetDef) or a runtime interface object (ActualNetDef),
     * by calling it with either, e.g., the "type" (what is in the
     * config) or the "actualType" (what is determined at runtime by
     * acquiring a port from the network).
     */
    /*
     * port isolation can only be set for an interface that is
     * connected to a Linux host bridge (either a libvirt-managed
     * network, or plain type='bridge')
     */
    if (isolatedPort == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES) {
        if (!(type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK ||
              type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("interface %s - <port isolated='yes'/> is not supported for network interfaces with type='%s'"),
                           macstr, virDomainNetTypeToString(type));
            return -1;
        }
        /*
         * also not allowed for anything with <virtualport> setting
         * (openvswitch or 802.11Qb[gh])
         */
        if (vport && vport->virtPortType != VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_NONE) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("interface %s - <port isolated='yes'/> is not supported for network interfaces with virtualport type='%s'"),
                           macstr, virNetDevVPortTypeToString(vport->virtPortType));
            return -1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}


int
virDomainActualNetDefValidate(const virDomainNetDef *net)
{
    /* Unlike virDomainNetDefValidate(), which is a static function
     * called internally to this file, virDomainActualNetDefValidate()
     * is a public function that can be called from a hypervisor after
     * it has completely setup the NetDef for use by a domain,
     * including possibly allocating a port from the network driver
     * (which could change the effective/"actual" type of the NetDef,
     * thus changing what should/shouldn't be allowed by validation).
     *
     * This function should contain validations not specific to a
     * particular hypervisor (e.g. whether or not specifying bandwidth
     * is allowed for a type of interface), but *not*
     * hypervisor-specific things.
     */
    char macstr[VIR_MAC_STRING_BUFLEN];
    virDomainNetType actualType = virDomainNetGetActualType(net);
    const virNetDevVPortProfile *vport = virDomainNetGetActualVirtPortProfile(net);
    const virNetDevBandwidth *bandwidth = virDomainNetGetActualBandwidth(net);

    virMacAddrFormat(&net->mac, macstr);

    if (virDomainNetGetActualVlan(net)) {
        /* vlan configuration via libvirt is only supported for PCI
         * Passthrough SR-IOV devices (hostdev or macvtap passthru
         * mode) and openvswitch bridges. Otherwise log an error and
         * fail
         */
        if (!(actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV ||
              (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT &&
               virDomainNetGetActualDirectMode(net) == VIR_NETDEV_MACVLAN_MODE_PASSTHRU) ||
              (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE &&
               vport  && vport->virtPortType == VIR_NETDEV_VPORT_PROFILE_OPENVSWITCH))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("interface %s - vlan tag not supported for this connection type"),
                           macstr);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    /* bandwidth configuration via libvirt is not supported for
     * hostdev network devices
     */
    if (bandwidth && actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("interface %s - bandwidth settings are not supported "
                         "for hostdev interfaces"),
                       macstr);
        return -1;
    }

    if (virDomainNetDefValidatePortOptions(macstr, actualType, vport,
                                           virDomainNetGetActualPortOptionsIsolated(net)) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainNetDefValidate(const virDomainNetDef *net)
{
    char macstr[VIR_MAC_STRING_BUFLEN];

    virMacAddrFormat(&net->mac, macstr);

    if ((net->hostIP.nroutes || net->hostIP.nips) &&
        net->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_ETHERNET) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Invalid attempt to set network interface "
                         "host-side IP route and/or address info on "
                         "interface of type '%s'. This is only supported "
                         "on interfaces of type 'ethernet'"),
                       virDomainNetTypeToString(net->type));
        return -1;
    }
    if (net->managed_tap == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_NO &&
        net->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_ETHERNET) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unmanaged target dev is not supported on "
                         "interfaces of type '%s'"),
                       virDomainNetTypeToString(net->type));
        return -1;
    }

    if (net->teaming.type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TEAMING_TYPE_TRANSIENT) {
        if (!net->teaming.persistent) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("teaming persistent attribute must be set if teaming type is 'transient'"));
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        if (net->teaming.persistent) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("teaming persistent attribute not allowed if teaming type is '%s'"),
                           virDomainNetTeamingTypeToString(net->teaming.type));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (virDomainNetDefValidatePortOptions(macstr, net->type, net->virtPortProfile,
                                           net->isolatedPort) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainControllerDefValidate(const virDomainControllerDef *controller)
{
    if (controller->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_PCI) {
        const virDomainPCIControllerOpts *opts = &controller->opts.pciopts;

        if (controller->idx > 255) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("PCI controller index %d too high, maximum is 255"),
                           controller->idx);
            return -1;
        }

        /* Only validate the target index if it's been set */
        if (opts->targetIndex != -1) {

            if (opts->targetIndex < 0 || opts->targetIndex > 30) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("PCI controller target index '%d' out of "
                                 "range - must be 0-30"),
                               opts->targetIndex);
                return -1;
            }

            if ((controller->idx == 0 && opts->targetIndex != 0) ||
                (controller->idx != 0 && opts->targetIndex == 0)) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("Only the PCI controller with index 0 can "
                                 "have target index 0, and vice versa"));
                return -1;
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainChrDefValidate(const virDomainChrDef *chr,
                        const virDomainDef *def)
{
    return virDomainChrSourceDefValidate(chr->source, chr, def);
}


static int
virDomainSmartcardDefValidate(const virDomainSmartcardDef *smartcard,
                              const virDomainDef *def)
{
    if (smartcard->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH)
        return virDomainChrSourceDefValidate(smartcard->data.passthru, NULL, def);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainRNGDefValidate(const virDomainRNGDef *rng,
                        const virDomainDef *def)
{
    if (rng->backend == VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_EGD)
        return virDomainChrSourceDefValidate(rng->source.chardev, NULL, def);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainHostdevDefValidate(const virDomainHostdevDef *hostdev)
{
    if (hostdev->mode == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS) {
        switch ((virDomainHostdevSubsysType) hostdev->source.subsys.type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_PCI:
            if (hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
                hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNASSIGNED &&
                hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_PCI) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("PCI host devices must use 'pci' or "
                                 "'unassigned' address type"));
                return -1;
            }
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI:
            if (hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
                hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("SCSI host device must use 'drive' "
                                 "address type"));
                return -1;
            }
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI_HOST:
            if (hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
                hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_PCI &&
                hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCW) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("SCSI_host host device must use 'pci' "
                                 "or 'ccw' address type"));
                return -1;
            }
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB:
            if (hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
                hostdev->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_USB) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("USB host device must use 'usb' address type"));
                return -1;
            }
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_LAST:
            break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainVideoDefValidate(const virDomainVideoDef *video,
                          const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    if (video->type == VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing video model and cannot determine default"));
        return -1;
    }

    /* it doesn't make sense to pair video device type 'none' with any other
     * types, there can be only a single video device in such case
     */
    for (i = 0; i < def->nvideos; i++) {
        if (def->videos[i]->type == VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_NONE &&
            def->nvideos > 1) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("a 'none' video type must be the only video device "
                             "defined for the domain"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    switch (video->backend) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_BACKEND_TYPE_VHOSTUSER:
        if (video->type != VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_VIRTIO) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("'vhostuser' driver is only supported with 'virtio' device"));
            return -1;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_BACKEND_TYPE_DEFAULT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_BACKEND_TYPE_QEMU:
        if (video->accel && video->accel->rendernode) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("unsupported rendernode accel attribute without 'vhostuser'"));
            return -1;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_BACKEND_TYPE_LAST:
    default:
        virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainInputType, video->backend);
        return -1;
    }

    if (video->res && (video->res->x == 0 || video->res->y == 0)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("video resolution values must be greater than 0"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainMemoryDefValidate(const virDomainMemoryDef *mem,
                           const virDomainDef *def)
{
    if (mem->model == VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NVDIMM) {
        if (mem->discard == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("discard is not supported for nvdimms"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (ARCH_IS_PPC64(def->os.arch) && mem->labelsize == 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("label size is required for NVDIMM device"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainVsockDefValidate(const virDomainVsockDef *vsock)
{
    if (vsock->guest_cid > 0 && vsock->guest_cid <= 2) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("guest CIDs must be >= 3"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainInputDefValidate(const virDomainInputDef *input)
{
    switch ((virDomainInputType) input->type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_MOUSE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_TABLET:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_KBD:
            if (input->source.evdev) {
                 virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                _("setting source evdev path only supported for "
                                  "passthrough input devices"));
                 return -1;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH:
            if (input->bus != VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_VIRTIO) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("only bus 'virtio' is supported for 'passthrough' "
                                 "input devices"));
                return -1;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_LAST:
        default:
            virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainInputType, input->type);
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainShmemDefValidate(const virDomainShmemDef *shmem)
{
    if (strchr(shmem->name, '/')) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("shmem name cannot include '/' character"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (STREQ(shmem->name, ".")) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("shmem name cannot be equal to '.'"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (STREQ(shmem->name, "..")) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("shmem name cannot be equal to '..'"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDeviceDefValidateInternal(const virDomainDeviceDef *dev,
                                   const virDomainDef *def)
{
    switch ((virDomainDeviceType) dev->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK:
        return virDomainDiskDefValidate(def, dev->data.disk);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV:
        return virDomainRedirdevDefValidate(def, dev->data.redirdev);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET:
        return virDomainNetDefValidate(dev->data.net);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER:
        return virDomainControllerDefValidate(dev->data.controller);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR:
        return virDomainChrDefValidate(dev->data.chr, def);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SMARTCARD:
        return virDomainSmartcardDefValidate(dev->data.smartcard, def);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_RNG:
        return virDomainRNGDefValidate(dev->data.rng, def);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV:
        return virDomainHostdevDefValidate(dev->data.hostdev);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO:
        return virDomainVideoDefValidate(dev->data.video, def);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY:
        return virDomainMemoryDefValidate(dev->data.memory, def);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VSOCK:
        return virDomainVsockDefValidate(dev->data.vsock);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT:
        return virDomainInputDefValidate(dev->data.input);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SHMEM:
        return virDomainShmemDefValidate(dev->data.shmem);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LEASE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_FS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SOUND:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_WATCHDOG:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_GRAPHICS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMBALLOON:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NVRAM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_TPM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_PANIC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_IOMMU:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return 0;
}


struct virDomainDefValidateAliasesData {
    virHashTablePtr aliases;
};


static int
virDomainDeviceDefValidateAliasesIterator(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                          virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                                          virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info,
                                          void *opaque)
{
    struct virDomainDefValidateAliasesData *data = opaque;
    const char *alias = info->alias;

    if (!virDomainDeviceAliasIsUserAlias(alias))
        return 0;

    /* Some crazy backcompat for consoles. */
    if (def->nserials && def->nconsoles &&
        def->consoles[0]->deviceType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE &&
        def->consoles[0]->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_SERIAL &&
        dev->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR &&
        virDomainChrEquals(def->serials[0], dev->data.chr))
        return 0;

    if (dev->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV &&
        dev->data.hostdev->parentnet) {
        /* This hostdev is a copy of some previous interface.
         * Aliases are duplicated. */
        return 0;
    }

    if (virHashLookup(data->aliases, alias)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("non unique alias detected: %s"),
                       alias);
        return -1;
    }

    if (virHashAddEntry(data->aliases, alias, (void *) 1) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Unable to construct table of device aliases"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefValidateAliases:
 *
 * Check for uniqueness of device aliases. If @aliases is not
 * NULL return hash table of all the aliases in it.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success,
 *        -1 otherwise (with error reported).
 */
static int
virDomainDefValidateAliases(const virDomainDef *def,
                            virHashTablePtr *aliases)
{
    struct virDomainDefValidateAliasesData data;
    int ret = -1;

    /* We are not storing copies of aliases. Don't free them. */
    if (!(data.aliases = virHashCreate(10, NULL)))
        goto cleanup;

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoIterateInternal((virDomainDefPtr) def,
                                           virDomainDeviceDefValidateAliasesIterator,
                                           DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_ALL_CONSOLES,
                                           &data) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if (aliases)
        *aliases = g_steal_pointer(&data.aliases);

    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virHashFree(data.aliases);
    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainDeviceValidateAliasImpl(const virDomainDef *def,
                                 virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev)
{
    virHashTablePtr aliases = NULL;
    virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info = virDomainDeviceGetInfo(dev);
    int ret = -1;

    if (!info || !info->alias)
        return 0;

    if (virDomainDefValidateAliases(def, &aliases) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if (virHashLookup(aliases, info->alias)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("non unique alias detected: %s"),
                       info->alias);
        goto cleanup;
    }

    ret = 0;
 cleanup:

    virHashFree(aliases);
    return ret;
}


int
virDomainDeviceValidateAliasForHotplug(virDomainObjPtr vm,
                                       virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                                       unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainDefPtr persDef = NULL;
    virDomainDefPtr liveDef = NULL;

    if (virDomainObjGetDefs(vm, flags, &liveDef, &persDef) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (persDef &&
        virDomainDeviceValidateAliasImpl(persDef, dev) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (liveDef &&
        virDomainDeviceValidateAliasImpl(liveDef, dev) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDeviceDefValidate(const virDomainDeviceDef *dev,
                           const virDomainDef *def,
                           unsigned int parseFlags,
                           virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    /* validate configuration only in certain places */
    if (parseFlags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_SKIP_VALIDATE)
        return 0;

    if (xmlopt->config.deviceValidateCallback &&
        xmlopt->config.deviceValidateCallback(dev, def, xmlopt->config.priv))
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDeviceDefValidateInternal(dev, def) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefValidateDeviceIterator(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                   virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                                   virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                                   void *opaque)
{
    struct virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIteratorData *data = opaque;
    return virDomainDeviceDefValidate(dev, def,
                                      data->parseFlags, data->xmlopt);
}


static int
virDomainDefCheckDuplicateDiskInfo(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;
    size_t j;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        for (j = i + 1; j < def->ndisks; j++) {
            if (virDomainDiskDefCheckDuplicateInfo(def->disks[i],
                                                   def->disks[j]) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

/**
 * virDomainDefCheckDuplicateDriveAddresses:
 * @def: domain definition to check against
 *
 * This function checks @def for duplicate drive addresses. Drive
 * addresses are only in use for disks and hostdevs at the moment.
 *
 * Returns 0 in case of there are no duplicate drive addresses, -1
 * otherwise.
 */
static int
virDomainDefCheckDuplicateDriveAddresses(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;
    size_t j;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        virDomainDiskDefPtr disk_i = def->disks[i];
        virDomainDeviceInfoPtr disk_info_i = &disk_i->info;

        if (disk_info_i->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE)
            continue;

        for (j = i + 1; j < def->ndisks; j++) {
            virDomainDiskDefPtr disk_j = def->disks[j];
            virDomainDeviceInfoPtr disk_info_j = &disk_j->info;

            if (disk_i->bus != disk_j->bus)
                continue;

            if (disk_info_j->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE)
                continue;

            if (virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual(disk_info_i, disk_info_j)) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("Found duplicate drive address for disk with "
                                 "target name '%s' controller='%u' bus='%u' "
                                 "target='%u' unit='%u'"),
                               disk_i->dst,
                               disk_info_i->addr.drive.controller,
                               disk_info_i->addr.drive.bus,
                               disk_info_i->addr.drive.target,
                               disk_info_i->addr.drive.unit);
                return -1;
            }
        }

        /* Note: There is no need to check for conflicts with SCSI
         * hostdevs above, because conflicts with hostdevs are checked
         * in the next loop.
         */
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->nhostdevs; i++) {
        virDomainHostdevDefPtr hdev_i = def->hostdevs[i];
        virDomainDeviceInfoPtr hdev_info_i = hdev_i->info;
        virDomainDeviceDriveAddressPtr hdev_addr_i;

        if (!virHostdevIsSCSIDevice(hdev_i))
            continue;

        if (hdev_i->info->type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE)
            continue;

        hdev_addr_i = &hdev_info_i->addr.drive;
        for (j = i + 1; j < def->nhostdevs; j++) {
            virDomainHostdevDefPtr hdev_j = def->hostdevs[j];
            virDomainDeviceInfoPtr hdev_info_j = hdev_j->info;

            if (!virHostdevIsSCSIDevice(hdev_j))
                continue;

            /* Address type check for hdev_j will be done implicitly
             * in virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual() */

            if (virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual(hdev_info_i, hdev_info_j)) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("SCSI host address controller='%u' "
                                 "bus='%u' target='%u' unit='%u' in "
                                 "use by another SCSI host device"),
                               hdev_addr_i->bus,
                               hdev_addr_i->controller,
                               hdev_addr_i->target,
                               hdev_addr_i->unit);
                return -1;
            }
        }

        if (virDomainDriveAddressIsUsedByDisk(def, VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SCSI,
                                              hdev_addr_i)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("SCSI host address controller='%u' "
                             "bus='%u' target='%u' unit='%u' in "
                             "use by another SCSI disk"),
                           hdev_addr_i->bus,
                           hdev_addr_i->controller,
                           hdev_addr_i->target,
                           hdev_addr_i->unit);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


bool
virDomainDefLifecycleActionAllowed(virDomainLifecycle type,
                                   virDomainLifecycleAction action)
{
    switch (type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_POWEROFF:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_REBOOT:
        switch (action) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_DESTROY:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_RESTART:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_RESTART_RENAME:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_PRESERVE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_LAST:
            return true;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_COREDUMP_DESTROY:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_COREDUMP_RESTART:
            break;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_CRASH:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_LAST:
        return true;
    }

    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                   _("Lifecycle event '%s' doesn't support '%s' action"),
                   virDomainLifecycleTypeToString(type),
                   virDomainLifecycleActionTypeToString(action));
    return false;
}


static int
virDomainDefLifecycleActionValidate(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    if (!virDomainDefLifecycleActionAllowed(VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_POWEROFF,
                                            def->onPoweroff)) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (!virDomainDefLifecycleActionAllowed(VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_REBOOT,
                                            def->onReboot)) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (!virDomainDefLifecycleActionAllowed(VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_CRASH,
                                            def->onCrash)) {
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


#define CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_PERIOD(name) \
    do { \
        if (def->cputune.name > 0 && \
            (def->cputune.name < 1000 || def->cputune.name > 1000000)) { \
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, \
                           _("Value of cputune '%s' must be in range " \
                           "[1000, 1000000]"), #name); \
            return -1; \
        } \
    } while (0)

#define CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_QUOTA(name) \
    do { \
        if (def->cputune.name > 0 && \
            (def->cputune.name < 1000 || \
            def->cputune.name > 18446744073709551LL)) { \
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, \
                           _("Value of cputune '%s' must be in range " \
                           "[1000, 18446744073709551]"), #name); \
            return -1; \
        } \
    } while (0)

static int
virDomainDefCputuneValidate(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_PERIOD(period);
    CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_PERIOD(global_period);
    CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_PERIOD(emulator_period);
    CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_PERIOD(iothread_period);

    CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_QUOTA(quota);
    CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_QUOTA(global_quota);
    CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_QUOTA(emulator_quota);
    CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_QUOTA(iothread_quota);

    return 0;
}
#undef CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_PERIOD
#undef CPUTUNE_VALIDATE_QUOTA


static int
virDomainDefMemtuneValidate(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    const virDomainMemtune *mem = &(def->mem);
    size_t i;
    ssize_t pos = virDomainNumaGetNodeCount(def->numa) - 1;

    for (i = 0; i < mem->nhugepages; i++) {
        size_t j;
        ssize_t nextBit;

        for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
            if (mem->hugepages[i].nodemask &&
                mem->hugepages[j].nodemask &&
                virBitmapOverlaps(mem->hugepages[i].nodemask,
                                  mem->hugepages[j].nodemask)) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                               _("nodeset attribute of hugepages "
                                 "of sizes %llu and %llu intersect"),
                               mem->hugepages[i].size,
                               mem->hugepages[j].size);
                return -1;
            } else if (!mem->hugepages[i].nodemask &&
                       !mem->hugepages[j].nodemask) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                               _("two master hugepages detected: "
                                 "%llu and %llu"),
                               mem->hugepages[i].size,
                               mem->hugepages[j].size);
                return -1;
            }
        }

        if (!mem->hugepages[i].nodemask) {
            /* This is the master hugepage to use. Skip it as it has no
             * nodemask anyway. */
            continue;
        }

        nextBit = virBitmapNextSetBit(mem->hugepages[i].nodemask, pos);
        if (nextBit >= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                           _("hugepages: node %zd not found"),
                           nextBit);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefOSValidate(const virDomainDef *def,
                       virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    if (!def->os.loader)
        return 0;

    if (def->os.firmware &&
        !(xmlopt->config.features & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_FW_AUTOSELECT)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL, "%s",
                       _("firmware auto selection not implemented for this driver"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!def->os.loader->path &&
        def->os.firmware == VIR_DOMAIN_OS_DEF_FIRMWARE_NONE) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL, "%s",
                       _("no loader path specified and firmware auto selection disabled"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefValidateInternal(const virDomainDef *def,
                             virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    if (virDomainDefCheckDuplicateDiskInfo(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefCheckDuplicateDriveAddresses(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefGetVcpusTopology(def, NULL) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefValidateAliases(def, NULL) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->iommu &&
        def->iommu->intremap == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON &&
        def->features[VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_IOAPIC] != VIR_DOMAIN_IOAPIC_QEMU) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("IOMMU interrupt remapping requires split I/O APIC "
                         "(ioapic driver='qemu')"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (def->iommu &&
        def->iommu->eim == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON &&
        def->iommu->intremap != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("IOMMU eim requires interrupt remapping to be enabled"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virDomainDefLifecycleActionValidate(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefMemtuneValidate(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefOSValidate(def, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefCputuneValidate(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainNumaDefValidate(def->numa) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefValidate:
 * @def: domain definition
 * @caps: driver capabilities object
 * @parseFlags: virDomainDefParseFlags
 * @xmlopt: XML parser option object
 *
 * This validation function is designed to take checks of globally invalid
 * configurations that the parser needs to accept so that VMs don't vanish upon
 * daemon restart. Such definition can be rejected upon startup or define, where
 * this function shall be called.
 *
 * Returns 0 if domain definition is valid, -1 on error and reports an
 * appropriate message.
 */
int
virDomainDefValidate(virDomainDefPtr def,
                     unsigned int parseFlags,
                     virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    struct virDomainDefPostParseDeviceIteratorData data = {
        .xmlopt = xmlopt,
        .parseFlags = parseFlags,
    };

    /* validate configuration only in certain places */
    if (parseFlags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_SKIP_VALIDATE)
        return 0;

    /* call the domain config callback */
    if (xmlopt->config.domainValidateCallback &&
        xmlopt->config.domainValidateCallback(def, xmlopt->config.priv) < 0)
        return -1;

    /* iterate the devices */
    if (virDomainDeviceInfoIterateInternal(def,
                                           virDomainDefValidateDeviceIterator,
                                           (DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_ALL_CONSOLES |
                                            DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_MISSING_INFO),
                                           &data) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefValidateInternal(def, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

int
virDomainObjCheckActive(virDomainObjPtr dom)
{
    if (!virDomainObjIsActive(dom)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_INVALID,
                       "%s", _("domain is not running"));
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainDeviceLoadparmIsValid
 * @loadparm : The string to validate
 *
 * The valid set of values for loadparm are [a-zA-Z0-9.]
 * and blank spaces.
 * The maximum allowed length is 8 characters.
 * An empty string is considered invalid
 */
static bool
virDomainDeviceLoadparmIsValid(const char *loadparm)
{
    size_t i;

    if (virStringIsEmpty(loadparm)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("loadparm cannot be an empty string"));
        return false;
    }

    if (strlen(loadparm) > 8) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("loadparm '%s' exceeds 8 characters"), loadparm);
        return false;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < strlen(loadparm); i++) {
        uint8_t c = loadparm[i];

        if (('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') || ('0' <= c && c <= '9') ||
            (c == '.') || (c == ' ')) {
            continue;
        } else {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("invalid loadparm char '%c', expecting chars"
                             " in set of [a-zA-Z0-9.] and blank spaces"), c);
            return false;
        }
    }

    return true;
}


static void
virDomainVirtioOptionsFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                             virDomainVirtioOptionsPtr virtio)
{
    if (!virtio)
        return;

    if (virtio->iommu != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " iommu='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(virtio->iommu));
    }
    if (virtio->ats != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " ats='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(virtio->ats));
    }
    if (virtio->packed != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " packed='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(virtio->packed));
    }
}


static int ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL(2)
virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                          virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info,
                          unsigned int flags)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ALLOW_BOOT) && info->bootIndex) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<boot order='%u'", info->bootIndex);

        if (info->loadparm)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " loadparm='%s'", info->loadparm);

        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }

    if (info->alias)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<alias name='%s'/>\n", info->alias);

    if (info->mastertype == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MASTER_USB) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<master startport='%d'/>\n",
                          info->master.usb.startport);
    }

    if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ALLOW_ROM) &&
        (info->romenabled != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT ||
         info->rombar != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT ||
         info->romfile)) {

        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<rom");
        if (info->romenabled != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT) {
            const char *romenabled = virTristateBoolTypeToString(info->romenabled);

            if (romenabled)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " enabled='%s'", romenabled);
        }
        if (info->rombar != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
            const char *rombar = virTristateSwitchTypeToString(info->rombar);

            if (rombar)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " bar='%s'", rombar);
        }
        if (info->romfile)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " file='%s'", info->romfile);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }

    if (info->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE ||
        info->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_S390)
        /* We're done here */
        return 0;

    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " type='%s'",
                      virDomainDeviceAddressTypeToString(info->type));

    switch ((virDomainDeviceAddressType) info->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_PCI:
        if (!virPCIDeviceAddressIsEmpty(&info->addr.pci)) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " domain='0x%04x' bus='0x%02x' "
                              "slot='0x%02x' function='0x%d'",
                              info->addr.pci.domain,
                              info->addr.pci.bus,
                              info->addr.pci.slot,
                              info->addr.pci.function);
        }
        if (info->addr.pci.multi) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " multifunction='%s'",
                              virTristateSwitchTypeToString(info->addr.pci.multi));
        }

        if (virZPCIDeviceAddressIsPresent(&info->addr.pci.zpci)) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf,
                              "<zpci uid='0x%.4x' fid='0x%.8x'/>\n",
                              info->addr.pci.zpci.uid.value,
                              info->addr.pci.zpci.fid.value);
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE:
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " controller='%d' bus='%d' target='%d' unit='%d'",
                          info->addr.drive.controller,
                          info->addr.drive.bus,
                          info->addr.drive.target,
                          info->addr.drive.unit);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL:
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " controller='%d' bus='%d' port='%d'",
                          info->addr.vioserial.controller,
                          info->addr.vioserial.bus,
                          info->addr.vioserial.port);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCID:
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " controller='%d' slot='%d'",
                          info->addr.ccid.controller,
                          info->addr.ccid.slot);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_USB:
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " bus='%d'", info->addr.usb.bus);
        if (virDomainUSBAddressPortIsValid(info->addr.usb.port)) {
            virBufferAddLit(&attrBuf, " port='");
            virDomainUSBAddressPortFormatBuf(&attrBuf, info->addr.usb.port);
            virBufferAddLit(&attrBuf, "'");
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_SPAPRVIO:
        if (info->addr.spaprvio.has_reg)
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " reg='0x%08llx'", info->addr.spaprvio.reg);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCW:
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " cssid='0x%x' ssid='0x%x' devno='0x%04x'",
                          info->addr.ccw.cssid,
                          info->addr.ccw.ssid,
                          info->addr.ccw.devno);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_MMIO:
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_ISA:
        if (info->addr.isa.iobase > 0)
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " iobase='0x%x'", info->addr.isa.iobase);
        if (info->addr.isa.irq > 0)
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " irq='0x%x'", info->addr.isa.irq);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DIMM:
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " slot='%u'", info->addr.dimm.slot);
        if (info->addr.dimm.base)
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " base='0x%llx'", info->addr.dimm.base);

        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_S390:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNASSIGNED:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "address", &attrBuf, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainDeviceUSBMasterParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                 virDomainDeviceUSBMasterPtr master)
{
    g_autofree char *startport = NULL;

    memset(master, 0, sizeof(*master));

    startport = virXMLPropString(node, "startport");

    if (startport &&
        virStrToLong_ui(startport, NULL, 10, &master->startport) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Cannot parse <master> 'startport' attribute"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainDeviceBootParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                            virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info)
{
    g_autofree char *order = NULL;
    g_autofree char *loadparm = NULL;

    if (!(order = virXMLPropString(node, "order"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing boot order attribute"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virStrToLong_uip(order, NULL, 10, &info->bootIndex) < 0 ||
        info->bootIndex == 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("incorrect boot order '%s', expecting positive integer"),
                       order);
        return -1;
    }

    loadparm = virXMLPropString(node, "loadparm");
    if (loadparm) {
        if (virStringToUpper(&info->loadparm, loadparm) != 1) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("Failed to convert loadparm '%s' to upper case"),
                           loadparm);
            return -1;
        }

        if (!virDomainDeviceLoadparmIsValid(info->loadparm)) {
            VIR_FREE(info->loadparm);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainDeviceISAAddressParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                  virDomainDeviceISAAddressPtr addr)
{
    g_autofree char *iobase = NULL;
    g_autofree char *irq = NULL;

    memset(addr, 0, sizeof(*addr));

    iobase = virXMLPropString(node, "iobase");
    irq = virXMLPropString(node, "irq");

    if (iobase &&
        virStrToLong_uip(iobase, NULL, 16, &addr->iobase) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Cannot parse <address> 'iobase' attribute"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (irq &&
        virStrToLong_uip(irq, NULL, 16, &addr->irq) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Cannot parse <address> 'irq' attribute"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDeviceDimmAddressParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                   virDomainDeviceDimmAddressPtr addr)
{
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "slot")) ||
        virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &addr->slot) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("invalid or missing dimm slot id '%s'"),
                       NULLSTR(tmp));
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "base"))) {
        if (virStrToLong_ullp(tmp, NULL, 16, &addr->base) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("invalid dimm base address '%s'"), tmp);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDeviceAddressParseXML(xmlNodePtr address,
                               virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info)
{
    g_autofree char *type = virXMLPropString(address, "type");

    if (type) {
        if ((info->type = virDomainDeviceAddressTypeFromString(type)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown address type '%s'"), type);
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("No type specified for device address"));
        return -1;
    }

    switch ((virDomainDeviceAddressType) info->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_PCI:
        if (virPCIDeviceAddressParseXML(address, &info->addr.pci) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE:
        if (virDomainDeviceDriveAddressParseXML(address, &info->addr.drive) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL:
        if (virDomainDeviceVirtioSerialAddressParseXML
                (address, &info->addr.vioserial) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCID:
        if (virDomainDeviceCcidAddressParseXML(address, &info->addr.ccid) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_USB:
        if (virDomainDeviceUSBAddressParseXML(address, &info->addr.usb) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_SPAPRVIO:
        if (virDomainDeviceSpaprVioAddressParseXML(address, &info->addr.spaprvio) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCW:
        if (virDomainDeviceCCWAddressParseXML
                (address, &info->addr.ccw) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_MMIO:
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_ISA:
        if (virDomainDeviceISAAddressParseXML(address, &info->addr.isa) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_S390:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("virtio-s390 bus doesn't have an address"));
        return -1;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DIMM:
        if (virDomainDeviceDimmAddressParseXML(address, &info->addr.dimm) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNASSIGNED:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return 0;
}


#define USER_ALIAS_PREFIX "ua-"
#define USER_ALIAS_CHARS \
    "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_-"

bool
virDomainDeviceAliasIsUserAlias(const char *aliasStr)
{
    return aliasStr && STRPREFIX(aliasStr, USER_ALIAS_PREFIX);
}


static int
virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                            xmlNodePtr node,
                            virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info,
                            unsigned int flags)
{
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    xmlNodePtr address = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr master = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr alias = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr boot = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr rom = NULL;
    int ret = -1;
    g_autofree char *romenabled = NULL;
    g_autofree char *rombar = NULL;
    g_autofree char *aliasStr = NULL;

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(info);

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (alias == NULL &&
                virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "alias")) {
                alias = cur;
            } else if (address == NULL &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "address")) {
                address = cur;
            } else if (master == NULL &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "master")) {
                master = cur;
            } else if (boot == NULL &&
                       (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ALLOW_BOOT) &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "boot")) {
                boot = cur;
            } else if (rom == NULL &&
                       (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ALLOW_ROM) &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "rom")) {
                rom = cur;
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    if (alias) {
        aliasStr = virXMLPropString(alias, "name");

        if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE) ||
            (xmlopt->config.features & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_USER_ALIAS &&
             virDomainDeviceAliasIsUserAlias(aliasStr) &&
             strspn(aliasStr, USER_ALIAS_CHARS) == strlen(aliasStr)))
            info->alias = g_steal_pointer(&aliasStr);
    }

    if (master) {
        info->mastertype = VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MASTER_USB;
        if (virDomainDeviceUSBMasterParseXML(master, &info->master.usb) < 0)
            goto cleanup;
    }

    if (boot) {
        if (virDomainDeviceBootParseXML(boot, info))
            goto cleanup;
    }

    if (rom) {
        if ((romenabled = virXMLPropString(rom, "enabled")) &&
            ((info->romenabled = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(romenabled)) <= 0)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown rom enabled value '%s'"), romenabled);
            goto cleanup;
        }
        if ((rombar = virXMLPropString(rom, "bar")) &&
            ((info->rombar = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(rombar)) <= 0)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown rom bar value '%s'"), rombar);
            goto cleanup;
        }
        info->romfile = virXMLPropString(rom, "file");

        if (info->romenabled == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_NO &&
            (info->rombar != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT || info->romfile)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("ROM tuning is not supported when ROM is disabled"));
            goto cleanup;
        }
    }

    if (address &&
        virDomainDeviceAddressParseXML(address, info) < 0)
        goto cleanup;


    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    if (ret < 0)
        virDomainDeviceInfoClear(info);
    return ret;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevSubsysUSBDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                     virDomainHostdevDefPtr def)
{
    bool got_product, got_vendor;
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysUSBPtr usbsrc = &def->source.subsys.u.usb;
    g_autofree char *startupPolicy = NULL;
    g_autofree char *autoAddress = NULL;

    if ((startupPolicy = virXMLPropString(node, "startupPolicy"))) {
        def->startupPolicy =
            virDomainStartupPolicyTypeFromString(startupPolicy);
        if (def->startupPolicy <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Unknown startup policy '%s'"),
                           startupPolicy);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if ((autoAddress = virXMLPropString(node, "autoAddress")))
        ignore_value(virStringParseYesNo(autoAddress, &usbsrc->autoAddress));

    /* Product can validly be 0, so we need some extra help to determine
     * if it is uninitialized */
    got_product = false;
    got_vendor = false;

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "vendor")) {
                g_autofree char *vendor = virXMLPropString(cur, "id");

                if (vendor) {
                    got_vendor = true;
                    if (virStrToLong_ui(vendor, NULL, 0, &usbsrc->vendor) < 0) {
                        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                       _("cannot parse vendor id %s"), vendor);
                        return -1;
                    }
                } else {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                   "%s", _("usb vendor needs id"));
                    return -1;
                }
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "product")) {
                g_autofree char *product = virXMLPropString(cur, "id");

                if (product) {
                    got_product = true;
                    if (virStrToLong_ui(product, NULL, 0,
                                        &usbsrc->product) < 0) {
                        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                       _("cannot parse product %s"),
                                       product);
                        return -1;
                    }
                } else {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                   "%s", _("usb product needs id"));
                    return -1;
                }
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "address")) {
                g_autofree char *bus = NULL;
                g_autofree char *device = NULL;

                bus = virXMLPropString(cur, "bus");
                if (bus) {
                    if (virStrToLong_ui(bus, NULL, 0, &usbsrc->bus) < 0) {
                        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                       _("cannot parse bus %s"), bus);
                        return -1;
                    }
                } else {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                   "%s", _("usb address needs bus id"));
                    return -1;
                }

                device = virXMLPropString(cur, "device");
                if (device) {
                    if (virStrToLong_ui(device, NULL, 0, &usbsrc->device) < 0) {
                        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                       _("cannot parse device %s"),
                                       device);
                        return -1;
                    }
                } else {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("usb address needs device id"));
                    return -1;
                }
            } else {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("unknown usb source type '%s'"),
                               cur->name);
                return -1;
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    if (got_vendor && usbsrc->vendor == 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("vendor cannot be 0."));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!got_vendor && got_product) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing vendor"));
        return -1;
    }
    if (got_vendor && !got_product) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing product"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

/* The internal XML for host PCI device's original states:
 *
 * <origstates>
 *   <unbind/>
 *   <removeslot/>
 *   <reprobe/>
 * </origstates>
 */
static int
virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIOrigStatesDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                               virDomainHostdevOrigStatesPtr def)
{
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    cur = node->children;

    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "unbind")) {
                def->states.pci.unbind_from_stub = true;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "removeslot")) {
                def->states.pci.remove_slot = true;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "reprobe")) {
                def->states.pci.reprobe = true;
            } else {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("unsupported element '%s' of 'origstates'"),
                               cur->name);
                return -1;
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                     virDomainHostdevDefPtr def,
                                     unsigned int flags)
{
    xmlNodePtr cur;

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "address")) {
                virPCIDeviceAddressPtr addr =
                    &def->source.subsys.u.pci.addr;

                if (virPCIDeviceAddressParseXML(cur, addr) < 0)
                    return -1;
            } else if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_PCI_ORIG_STATES) &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "origstates")) {
                virDomainHostdevOrigStatesPtr states = &def->origstates;
                if (virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIOrigStatesDefParseXML(cur, states) < 0)
                    return -1;
            } else {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("unknown pci source type '%s'"),
                               cur->name);
                return -1;
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    return 0;
}


int
virDomainStorageNetworkParseHost(xmlNodePtr hostnode,
                                 virStorageNetHostDefPtr host)
{
    int ret = -1;
    g_autofree char *transport = NULL;
    g_autofree char *port = NULL;

    memset(host, 0, sizeof(*host));
    host->transport = VIR_STORAGE_NET_HOST_TRANS_TCP;

    /* transport can be tcp (default), unix or rdma.  */
    if ((transport = virXMLPropString(hostnode, "transport"))) {
        host->transport = virStorageNetHostTransportTypeFromString(transport);
        if (host->transport < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown protocol transport type '%s'"),
                           transport);
            goto cleanup;
        }
    }

    host->socket = virXMLPropString(hostnode, "socket");

    if (host->transport == VIR_STORAGE_NET_HOST_TRANS_UNIX &&
        host->socket == NULL) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing socket for unix transport"));
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (host->transport != VIR_STORAGE_NET_HOST_TRANS_UNIX &&
        host->socket != NULL) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("transport '%s' does not support "
                         "socket attribute"),
                       transport);
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (host->transport != VIR_STORAGE_NET_HOST_TRANS_UNIX) {
        if (!(host->name = virXMLPropString(hostnode, "name"))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("missing name for host"));
            goto cleanup;
        }

        if ((port = virXMLPropString(hostnode, "port"))) {
            if (virStringParsePort(port, &host->port) < 0)
                goto cleanup;
        }
    }

    ret = 0;

 cleanup:
    if (ret < 0)
        virStorageNetHostDefClear(host);
    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainStorageNetworkParseHosts(xmlNodePtr node,
                                  virStorageNetHostDefPtr *hosts,
                                  size_t *nhosts)
{
    xmlNodePtr child;

    for (child = node->children; child; child = child->next) {
        if (child->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE &&
            virXMLNodeNameEqual(child, "host")) {
            virStorageNetHostDef host;

            if (virDomainStorageNetworkParseHost(child, &host) < 0)
                return -1;
            if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(*hosts, *nhosts, host) < 0) {
                virStorageNetHostDefClear(&host);
                return -1;
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr sourcenode,
                                          virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIPtr scsisrc)
{
    bool got_address = false, got_adapter = false;
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostPtr scsihostsrc = &scsisrc->u.host;
    g_autofree char *bus = NULL;
    g_autofree char *target = NULL;
    g_autofree char *unit = NULL;

    cur = sourcenode->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "address")) {
                if (got_address) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("more than one source addresses is "
                                     "specified for scsi hostdev"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if (!(bus = virXMLPropString(cur, "bus")) ||
                    !(target = virXMLPropString(cur, "target")) ||
                    !(unit = virXMLPropString(cur, "unit"))) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("'bus', 'target', and 'unit' must be specified "
                                     "for scsi hostdev source address"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if (virStrToLong_uip(bus, NULL, 0, &scsihostsrc->bus) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                   _("cannot parse bus '%s'"), bus);
                    return -1;
                }

                if (virStrToLong_uip(target, NULL, 0,
                                    &scsihostsrc->target) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                   _("cannot parse target '%s'"), target);
                    return -1;
                }

                if (virStrToLong_ullp(unit, NULL, 0, &scsihostsrc->unit) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                   _("cannot parse unit '%s'"), unit);
                    return -1;
                }

                got_address = true;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "adapter")) {
                if (got_adapter) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("more than one adapters is specified "
                                     "for scsi hostdev source"));
                    return -1;
                }
                if (!(scsihostsrc->adapter = virXMLPropString(cur, "name"))) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("'adapter' must be specified for scsi hostdev source"));
                    return -1;
                }

                got_adapter = true;
            } else {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("unsupported element '%s' of scsi hostdev source"),
                               cur->name);
                return -1;
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    if (!got_address || !got_adapter) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("'adapter' and 'address' must be specified for scsi "
                         "hostdev source"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIiSCSIDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr sourcenode,
                                           virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIPtr def,
                                           xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                           unsigned int flags,
                                           virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    int auth_secret_usage = -1;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIiSCSIPtr iscsisrc = &def->u.iscsi;
    g_autoptr(virStorageAuthDef) authdef = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr node;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);

    ctxt->node = sourcenode;

    /* For the purposes of command line creation, this needs to look
     * like a disk storage source */
    if (!(iscsisrc->src = virStorageSourceNew()))
        return -1;
    iscsisrc->src->type = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK;
    iscsisrc->src->protocol = VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_ISCSI;

    if (!(iscsisrc->src->path = virXMLPropString(sourcenode, "name"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing iSCSI hostdev source path name"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virDomainStorageNetworkParseHosts(sourcenode, &iscsisrc->src->hosts,
                                          &iscsisrc->src->nhosts) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (iscsisrc->src->nhosts < 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing the host address for the iSCSI hostdev"));
        return -1;
    }
    if (iscsisrc->src->nhosts > 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("only one source host address may be specified "
                         "for the iSCSI hostdev"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((node = virXPathNode("./auth", ctxt))) {
        if (!(authdef = virStorageAuthDefParse(node, ctxt)))
            return -1;
        if ((auth_secret_usage = virSecretUsageTypeFromString(authdef->secrettype)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("invalid secret type %s"),
                           authdef->secrettype);
            return -1;
        }
        if (auth_secret_usage != VIR_SECRET_USAGE_TYPE_ISCSI) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("hostdev invalid secret type '%s'"),
                           authdef->secrettype);
            return -1;
        }
        iscsisrc->src->auth = g_steal_pointer(&authdef);
    }

    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_STATUS &&
        xmlopt && xmlopt->privateData.storageParse) {
        if ((ctxt->node = virXPathNode("./privateData", ctxt)) &&
            xmlopt->privateData.storageParse(ctxt, iscsisrc->src) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr sourcenode,
                                      virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIPtr scsisrc,
                                      xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                      unsigned int flags,
                                      virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    g_autofree char *protocol = NULL;

    if ((protocol = virXMLPropString(sourcenode, "protocol"))) {
        scsisrc->protocol =
            virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIProtocolTypeFromString(protocol);
        if (scsisrc->protocol < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Unknown SCSI subsystem protocol '%s'"),
                           protocol);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    switch ((virDomainHostdevSCSIProtocolType) scsisrc->protocol) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SCSI_PROTOCOL_TYPE_NONE:
        return virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostDefParseXML(sourcenode, scsisrc);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SCSI_PROTOCOL_TYPE_ISCSI:
        return virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIiSCSIDefParseXML(sourcenode, scsisrc, ctxt,
                                                          flags, xmlopt);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SCSI_PROTOCOL_TYPE_LAST:
    default:
        virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainHostdevSCSIProtocolType, scsisrc->protocol);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIVHostDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr sourcenode,
                                           virDomainHostdevDefPtr def)
{
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIVHostPtr hostsrc = &def->source.subsys.u.scsi_host;
    g_autofree char *protocol = NULL;
    g_autofree char *wwpn = NULL;

    if (!(protocol = virXMLPropString(sourcenode, "protocol"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing scsi_host subsystem protocol"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((hostsrc->protocol =
         virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostProtocolTypeFromString(protocol)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Unknown scsi_host subsystem protocol '%s'"),
                       protocol);
        return -1;
    }

    switch ((virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostProtocolType) hostsrc->protocol) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_SCSI_HOST_PROTOCOL_TYPE_VHOST:
        if (!(wwpn = virXMLPropString(sourcenode, "wwpn"))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("missing vhost-scsi hostdev source wwpn"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (!STRPREFIX(wwpn, "naa.") ||
            !virValidateWWN(wwpn + 4)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s", _("malformed 'wwpn' value"));
            return -1;
        }
        hostsrc->wwpn = g_steal_pointer(&wwpn);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_SCSI_HOST_PROTOCOL_TYPE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_SCSI_HOST_PROTOCOL_TYPE_LAST:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid hostdev protocol '%s'"),
                       virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostProtocolTypeToString(hostsrc->protocol));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevSubsysMediatedDevDefParseXML(virDomainHostdevDefPtr def,
                                             xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    unsigned char uuid[VIR_UUID_BUFLEN] = {0};
    xmlNodePtr node = NULL;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysMediatedDevPtr mdevsrc = &def->source.subsys.u.mdev;
    g_autofree char *uuidxml = NULL;

    if (!(node = virXPathNode("./source/address", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Missing <address> element"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(uuidxml = virXMLPropString(node, "uuid"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Missing 'uuid' attribute for element <address>"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virUUIDParse(uuidxml, uuid) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s",
                       _("Cannot parse uuid attribute of element <address>"));
        return -1;
    }

    virUUIDFormat(uuid, mdevsrc->uuidstr);
    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevDefParseXMLSubsys(xmlNodePtr node,
                                  xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                  const char *type,
                                  virDomainHostdevDefPtr def,
                                  unsigned int flags,
                                  virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    xmlNodePtr sourcenode;
    int backend;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIPtr pcisrc = &def->source.subsys.u.pci;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIPtr scsisrc = &def->source.subsys.u.scsi;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIVHostPtr scsihostsrc = &def->source.subsys.u.scsi_host;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysMediatedDevPtr mdevsrc = &def->source.subsys.u.mdev;
    g_autofree char *managed = NULL;
    g_autofree char *sgio = NULL;
    g_autofree char *rawio = NULL;
    g_autofree char *backendStr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;
    g_autofree char *display = NULL;
    g_autofree char *ramfb = NULL;

    /* @managed can be read from the xml document - it is always an
     * attribute of the toplevel element, no matter what type of
     * element that might be (pure hostdev, or higher level device
     * (e.g. <interface>) with type='hostdev')
     */
    if ((managed = virXMLPropString(node, "managed")) != NULL)
        ignore_value(virStringParseYesNo(managed, &def->managed));

    sgio = virXMLPropString(node, "sgio");
    rawio = virXMLPropString(node, "rawio");
    model = virXMLPropString(node, "model");
    display = virXMLPropString(node, "display");
    ramfb = virXMLPropString(node, "ramfb");

    /* @type is passed in from the caller rather than read from the
     * xml document, because it is specified in different places for
     * different kinds of defs - it is an attribute of
     * <source>/<address> for an intelligent hostdev (<interface>),
     * but an attribute of the toplevel element for a standard
     * <hostdev>.  (the functions we're going to call expect address
     * type to already be known).
     */
    if (type) {
        if ((def->source.subsys.type
             = virDomainHostdevSubsysTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown host device source address type '%s'"),
                           type);
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing source address type"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(sourcenode = virXPathNode("./source", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing <source> element in hostdev device"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (def->source.subsys.type != VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB &&
        virXPathBoolean("boolean(./source/@startupPolicy)", ctxt)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Setting startupPolicy is only allowed for USB"
                         " devices"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (sgio) {
        if (def->source.subsys.type != VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("sgio is only supported for scsi host device"));
            return -1;
        }

        if ((scsisrc->sgio = virDomainDeviceSGIOTypeFromString(sgio)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown sgio mode '%s'"), sgio);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (rawio) {
        if (def->source.subsys.type != VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("rawio is only supported for scsi host device"));
            return -1;
        }

        if ((scsisrc->rawio = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(rawio)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("unknown hostdev rawio setting '%s'"),
                           rawio);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (def->source.subsys.type != VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV &&
        def->source.subsys.type != VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI_HOST) {
        if (model) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("'model' attribute in <hostdev> is only supported "
                             "when type='%s'"),
                           virDomainHostdevSubsysTypeToString(def->source.subsys.type));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (def->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI_HOST) {
        if (model &&
            ((scsihostsrc->model = virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIVHostModelTypeFromString(model)) < 0)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("unknown hostdev model '%s'"),
                           model);
            return -1;
        }
    } else if (def->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV) {
        if (!model) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing 'model' attribute in mediated device's "
                             "<hostdev> element"));
            return -1;
        }

        if ((mdevsrc->model = virMediatedDeviceModelTypeFromString(model)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("unknown hostdev model '%s'"),
                           model);
            return -1;
        }

        if (display &&
            (mdevsrc->display = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(display)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("unknown value '%s' for <hostdev> attribute "
                             "'display'"),
                           display);
            return -1;
        }

        if (ramfb &&
            (mdevsrc->ramfb = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(ramfb)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("unknown value '%s' for <hostdev> attribute "
                             "'ramfb'"),
                           ramfb);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    switch (def->source.subsys.type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_PCI:
        if (virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIDefParseXML(sourcenode, def, flags) < 0)
            return -1;

        backend = VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_DEFAULT;
        if ((backendStr = virXPathString("string(./driver/@name)", ctxt)) &&
            (((backend = virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIBackendTypeFromString(backendStr)) < 0) ||
             backend == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_DEFAULT)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Unknown PCI device <driver name='%s'/> "
                             "has been specified"), backendStr);
            return -1;
        }
        pcisrc->backend = backend;

        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB:
        if (virDomainHostdevSubsysUSBDefParseXML(sourcenode, def) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI:
        if (virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIDefParseXML(sourcenode, scsisrc, ctxt, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI_HOST:
        if (virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIVHostDefParseXML(sourcenode, def) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV:
        if (virDomainHostdevSubsysMediatedDevDefParseXML(def, ctxt) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    default:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("address type='%s' not supported in hostdev interfaces"),
                       virDomainHostdevSubsysTypeToString(def->source.subsys.type));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static virNetDevIPAddrPtr
virDomainNetIPParseXML(xmlNodePtr node)
{
    /* Parse the prefix in every case */
    unsigned int prefixValue = 0;
    int family = AF_UNSPEC;
    g_autofree virNetDevIPAddrPtr ip = NULL;
    g_autofree char *prefixStr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *familyStr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *address = NULL;
    g_autofree char *peer = NULL;

    if (!(address = virXMLPropString(node, "address"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing required address in <ip>"));
        return NULL;
    }

    familyStr = virXMLPropString(node, "family");
    if (familyStr && STREQ(familyStr, "ipv4"))
        family = AF_INET;
    else if (familyStr && STREQ(familyStr, "ipv6"))
        family = AF_INET6;
    else
        family = virSocketAddrNumericFamily(address);

    if (VIR_ALLOC(ip) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virSocketAddrParse(&ip->address, address, family) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid address '%s' in <ip>"),
                       address);
        return NULL;
    }

    prefixStr = virXMLPropString(node, "prefix");
    if (prefixStr &&
        ((virStrToLong_ui(prefixStr, NULL, 10, &prefixValue) < 0) ||
         (family == AF_INET6 && prefixValue > 128) ||
         (family == AF_INET && prefixValue > 32))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid prefix value '%s' in <ip>"),
                       prefixStr);
        return NULL;
    }
    ip->prefix = prefixValue;

    if ((peer = virXMLPropString(node, "peer")) != NULL &&
        virSocketAddrParse(&ip->peer, peer, family) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG,
                       _("Invalid peer '%s' in <ip>"), peer);
        return NULL;
    }

    return g_steal_pointer(&ip);
}


/* fill in a virNetDevIPInfoPtr from the <route> and <ip>
 * elements found in the given XML context.
 *
 * return 0 on success (including none found) and -1 on failure.
 */
static int
virDomainNetIPInfoParseXML(const char *source,
                           xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                           virNetDevIPInfoPtr def)
{
    virNetDevIPRoutePtr route = NULL;
    int nnodes;
    int ret = -1;
    size_t i;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;
    g_autofree virNetDevIPAddrPtr ip = NULL;

    if ((nnodes = virXPathNodeSet("./ip", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    for (i = 0; i < nnodes; i++) {
        if (!(ip = virDomainNetIPParseXML(nodes[i])) ||
            VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->ips, def->nips, ip) < 0)
            goto cleanup;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((nnodes = virXPathNodeSet("./route", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    for (i = 0; i < nnodes; i++) {
        if (!(route = virNetDevIPRouteParseXML(source, nodes[i], ctxt)) ||
            VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->routes, def->nroutes, route) < 0)
            goto cleanup;
    }

    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    if (ret < 0)
        virNetDevIPInfoClear(def);
    virNetDevIPRouteFree(route);
    return ret;
}


static virNetDevCoalescePtr
virDomainNetDefCoalesceParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    virNetDevCoalescePtr ret = NULL;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    unsigned long long tmp = 0;
    g_autofree char *str = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    str = virXPathString("string(./rx/frames/@max)", ctxt);
    if (!str)
        return NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(ret) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virStrToLong_ullp(str, NULL, 10, &tmp) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                       _("cannot parse value '%s' for coalesce parameter"),
                       str);
        goto error;
    }

    if (tmp > UINT32_MAX) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OVERFLOW,
                       _("value '%llu' is too big for coalesce "
                         "parameter, maximum is '%lu'"),
                       tmp, (unsigned long) UINT32_MAX);
        goto error;
    }
    ret->rx_max_coalesced_frames = tmp;

    return ret;

 error:
    VIR_FREE(ret);
    return NULL;
}

static void
virDomainNetDefCoalesceFormatXML(virBufferPtr buf,
                                 virNetDevCoalescePtr coalesce)
{
    if (!coalesce || !coalesce->rx_max_coalesced_frames)
        return;

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<coalesce>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<rx>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<frames max='%u'/>\n",
                      coalesce->rx_max_coalesced_frames);

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</rx>\n");

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</coalesce>\n");
}


static int
virDomainHostdevDefParseXMLCaps(xmlNodePtr node G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                                xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                const char *type,
                                virDomainHostdevDefPtr def)
{
    xmlNodePtr sourcenode;

    /* @type is passed in from the caller rather than read from the
     * xml document, because it is specified in different places for
     * different kinds of defs - it is an attribute of
     * <source>/<address> for an intelligent hostdev (<interface>),
     * but an attribute of the toplevel element for a standard
     * <hostdev>.  (the functions we're going to call expect address
     * type to already be known).
     */
    if (type) {
        if ((def->source.caps.type
             = virDomainHostdevCapsTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown host device source address type '%s'"),
                           type);
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing source address type"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(sourcenode = virXPathNode("./source", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing <source> element in hostdev device"));
        return -1;
    }

    switch (def->source.caps.type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_STORAGE:
        if (!(def->source.caps.u.storage.block =
              virXPathString("string(./source/block[1])", ctxt))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing <block> element in hostdev storage device"));
            return -1;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_MISC:
        if (!(def->source.caps.u.misc.chardev =
              virXPathString("string(./source/char[1])", ctxt))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing <char> element in hostdev character device"));
            return -1;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_NET:
        if (!(def->source.caps.u.net.ifname =
              virXPathString("string(./source/interface[1])", ctxt))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing <interface> element in hostdev net device"));
            return -1;
        }
        if (virDomainNetIPInfoParseXML(_("Domain hostdev device"),
                                       ctxt, &def->source.caps.u.net.ip) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;
    default:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("address type='%s' not supported in hostdev interfaces"),
                       virDomainHostdevCapsTypeToString(def->source.caps.type));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


virDomainControllerDefPtr
virDomainDeviceFindSCSIController(const virDomainDef *def,
                                  const virDomainDeviceDriveAddress *addr)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++) {
        if (def->controllers[i]->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SCSI &&
            def->controllers[i]->idx == addr->controller)
            return def->controllers[i];
    }

    return NULL;
}

int
virDomainDiskDefAssignAddress(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                              virDomainDiskDefPtr def,
                              const virDomainDef *vmdef)
{
    int idx = virDiskNameToIndex(def->dst);
    if (idx < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Unknown disk name '%s' and no address specified"),
                       def->dst);
        return -1;
    }

    switch (def->bus) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SCSI: {
        virDomainDeviceDriveAddress addr = {0, 0, 0, 0};
        unsigned int controller;
        unsigned int unit;

        def->info.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE;

        if (xmlopt->config.features & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FEATURE_WIDE_SCSI) {
            /* For a wide SCSI bus we define the default mapping to be
             * 16 units per bus, 1 bus per controller, many controllers.
             * Unit 7 is the SCSI controller itself. Therefore unit 7
             * cannot be assigned to disks and is skipped.
             */
            controller = idx / 15;
            unit = idx % 15;

            /* Skip the SCSI controller at unit 7 */
            if (unit >= 7)
                ++unit;
        } else {
            /* For a narrow SCSI bus we define the default mapping to be
             * 7 units per bus, 1 bus per controller, many controllers */
            controller = idx / 7;
            unit = idx % 7;
        }

        addr.controller = controller;
        addr.unit = unit;

        if (virDomainDriveAddressIsUsedByHostdev(vmdef,
                                                 VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI,
                                                 &addr)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("using disk target name '%s' conflicts with "
                             "SCSI host device address controller='%u' "
                             "bus='%u' target='%u' unit='%u"),
                           def->dst, controller, 0, 0, unit);
            return -1;
        }

        memcpy(&def->info.addr.drive, &addr, sizeof(addr));
        break;
    }

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_IDE:
        /* For IDE we define the default mapping to be 2 units
         * per bus, 2 bus per controller, many controllers */
        def->info.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE;
        def->info.addr.drive.controller = idx / 4;
        def->info.addr.drive.bus = (idx % 4) / 2;
        def->info.addr.drive.unit = (idx % 2);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SATA:
        /* For SATA we define the default mapping to be 6 units
         * per bus, 1 bus per controller, many controllers */
        def->info.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE;
        def->info.addr.drive.controller = idx / 6;
        def->info.addr.drive.bus = 0;
        def->info.addr.drive.unit = idx % 6;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_FDC:
        /* For FDC we define the default mapping to be 2 units
         * per bus, 1 bus per controller, many controllers */
        def->info.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE;
        def->info.addr.drive.controller = idx / 2;
        def->info.addr.drive.bus = 0;
        def->info.addr.drive.unit = idx % 2;
        break;

    default:
        /* Other disk bus's aren't controller based */
        break;
    }

    return 0;
}

static virSecurityLabelDefPtr
virSecurityLabelDefParseXML(xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                            unsigned int flags)
{
    char *p;
    virSecurityLabelDefPtr seclabel = NULL;

    p = virXMLPropStringLimit(ctxt->node, "model",
                              VIR_SECURITY_MODEL_BUFLEN - 1);

    if (!(seclabel = virSecurityLabelDefNew(p)))
        goto error;
    VIR_FREE(p);

    /* set default value */
    seclabel->type = VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_DYNAMIC;

    p = virXMLPropStringLimit(ctxt->node, "type",
                              VIR_SECURITY_LABEL_BUFLEN - 1);
    if (p) {
        seclabel->type = virDomainSeclabelTypeFromString(p);
        if (seclabel->type <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("invalid security type '%s'"), p);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (seclabel->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_STATIC ||
        seclabel->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_NONE)
        seclabel->relabel = false;

    VIR_FREE(p);
    p = virXMLPropStringLimit(ctxt->node, "relabel",
                              VIR_SECURITY_LABEL_BUFLEN-1);
    if (p) {
        if (virStringParseYesNo(p, &seclabel->relabel) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("invalid security relabel value %s"), p);
            goto error;
        }
    }
    VIR_FREE(p);

    if (seclabel->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_DYNAMIC &&
        !seclabel->relabel) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       "%s", _("dynamic label type must use resource relabeling"));
        goto error;
    }
    if (seclabel->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_NONE &&
        seclabel->relabel) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       "%s", _("resource relabeling is not compatible with 'none' label type"));
        goto error;
    }

    /* For the model 'none' none of the following labels is going to be
     * present. Hence, return now. */

    if (STREQ_NULLABLE(seclabel->model, "none")) {
        if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE) {
            /* Fix older configurations */
            seclabel->type = VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_NONE;
            seclabel->relabel = false;
        } else {
            if (seclabel->type != VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_NONE) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unsupported type='%s' to model 'none'"),
                               virDomainSeclabelTypeToString(seclabel->type));
                goto error;
            }
            /* combination of relabel='yes' and type='static'
             * is checked a few lines above. */
        }
        return seclabel;
    }

    /* Only parse label, if using static labels, or
     * if the 'live' VM XML is requested
     */
    if (seclabel->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_STATIC ||
        (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE) &&
         seclabel->type != VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_NONE)) {
        p = virXPathStringLimit("string(./label[1])",
                                VIR_SECURITY_LABEL_BUFLEN-1, ctxt);
        if (p == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           "%s", _("security label is missing"));
            goto error;
        }

        seclabel->label = g_steal_pointer(&p);
    }

    /* Only parse imagelabel, if requested live XML with relabeling */
    if (seclabel->relabel &&
        (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE) &&
         seclabel->type != VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_NONE)) {
        p = virXPathStringLimit("string(./imagelabel[1])",
                                VIR_SECURITY_LABEL_BUFLEN-1, ctxt);
        if (p == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           "%s", _("security imagelabel is missing"));
            goto error;
        }
        seclabel->imagelabel = g_steal_pointer(&p);
    }

    /* Only parse baselabel for dynamic label type */
    if (seclabel->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_DYNAMIC) {
        p = virXPathStringLimit("string(./baselabel[1])",
                                VIR_SECURITY_LABEL_BUFLEN-1, ctxt);
        seclabel->baselabel = g_steal_pointer(&p);
    }

    return seclabel;

 error:
    VIR_FREE(p);
    virSecurityLabelDefFree(seclabel);
    return NULL;
}

static int
virSecurityLabelDefsParseXML(virDomainDefPtr def,
                             xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                             virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                             unsigned int flags)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    size_t i = 0, j;
    int n;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *list = NULL;

    /* Allocate a security labels based on XML */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./seclabel", ctxt, &list)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n == 0)
        return 0;

    if (VIR_ALLOC_N(def->seclabels, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    /* Parse each "seclabel" tag */
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virSecurityLabelDefPtr seclabel;

        ctxt->node = list[i];
        if (!(seclabel = virSecurityLabelDefParseXML(ctxt, flags)))
            goto error;

        for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
            if (STREQ_NULLABLE(seclabel->model, def->seclabels[j]->model)) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                               _("seclabel for model %s is already provided"),
                               seclabel->model);
                virSecurityLabelDefFree(seclabel);
                goto error;
            }
        }

        def->seclabels[i] = seclabel;
    }
    def->nseclabels = n;

    /* libvirt versions prior to 0.10.0 support just a single seclabel element
     * in guest's XML and model attribute can be suppressed if type is none or
     * type is dynamic, baselabel is not defined and INACTIVE flag is set.
     *
     * To avoid compatibility issues, for this specific case the first model
     * defined in host's capabilities is used as model for the seclabel.
     */
    if (def->nseclabels == 1 &&
        !def->seclabels[0]->model &&
        xmlopt != NULL &&
        xmlopt->config.defSecModel != NULL) {
        if (def->seclabels[0]->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_NONE ||
            (def->seclabels[0]->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_DYNAMIC &&
             !def->seclabels[0]->baselabel &&
             (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE))) {
            /* Copy model from host. */
            VIR_DEBUG("Found seclabel without a model, using '%s'",
                      xmlopt->config.defSecModel);
            def->seclabels[0]->model = g_strdup(xmlopt->config.defSecModel);

            if (STREQ(def->seclabels[0]->model, "none") &&
                flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE) {
                /* Fix older configurations */
                def->seclabels[0]->type = VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_NONE;
                def->seclabels[0]->relabel = false;
            }
        } else {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("missing security model in domain seclabel"));
            goto error;
        }
    }

    /* Checking missing model information */
    if (def->nseclabels > 1) {
        for (; n; n--) {
            if (def->seclabels[n - 1]->model == NULL) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("missing security model "
                                 "when using multiple labels"));
                goto error;
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;

 error:
    for (; i > 0; i--)
        virSecurityLabelDefFree(def->seclabels[i - 1]);
    VIR_FREE(def->seclabels);
    def->nseclabels = 0;
    return -1;
}

/* Parse the <seclabel> from a disk or character device. */
static int
virSecurityDeviceLabelDefParseXML(virSecurityDeviceLabelDefPtr **seclabels_rtn,
                                  size_t *nseclabels_rtn,
                                  xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                  unsigned int flags)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virSecurityDeviceLabelDefPtr *seclabels = NULL;
    size_t nseclabels = 0;
    int n;
    size_t i, j;
    char *model, *relabel, *label, *labelskip;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *list = NULL;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./seclabel", ctxt, &list)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n == 0)
        return 0;

    if (VIR_ALLOC_N(seclabels, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    nseclabels = n;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (VIR_ALLOC(seclabels[i]) < 0)
            goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        /* get model associated to this override */
        model = virXMLPropString(list[i], "model");
        if (model) {
            /* check for duplicate seclabels */
            for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
                if (STREQ_NULLABLE(model, seclabels[j]->model)) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                                   _("seclabel for model %s is already provided"), model);
                    goto error;
                }
            }
            seclabels[i]->model = model;
        }

        relabel = virXMLPropString(list[i], "relabel");
        if (relabel != NULL) {
            if (virStringParseYesNo(relabel, &seclabels[i]->relabel) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("invalid security relabel value %s"),
                               relabel);
                VIR_FREE(relabel);
                goto error;
            }
            VIR_FREE(relabel);
        } else {
            seclabels[i]->relabel = true;
        }

        /* labelskip is only parsed on live images */
        labelskip = virXMLPropString(list[i], "labelskip");
        seclabels[i]->labelskip = false;
        if (labelskip && !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE))
            ignore_value(virStringParseYesNo(labelskip, &seclabels[i]->labelskip));
        VIR_FREE(labelskip);

        ctxt->node = list[i];
        label = virXPathStringLimit("string(./label)",
                                    VIR_SECURITY_LABEL_BUFLEN-1, ctxt);
        seclabels[i]->label = label;

        if (label && !seclabels[i]->relabel) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Cannot specify a label if relabelling is "
                             "turned off. model=%s"),
                             NULLSTR(seclabels[i]->model));
            goto error;
        }
    }

    *nseclabels_rtn = nseclabels;
    *seclabels_rtn = seclabels;

    return 0;

 error:
    for (i = 0; i < nseclabels; i++)
        virSecurityDeviceLabelDefFree(seclabels[i]);
    VIR_FREE(seclabels);
    return -1;
}


/* Parse the XML definition for a lease
 */
static virDomainLeaseDefPtr
virDomainLeaseDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node)
{
    virDomainLeaseDefPtr def;
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    g_autofree char *lockspace = NULL;
    g_autofree char *key = NULL;
    g_autofree char *path = NULL;
    g_autofree char *offset = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (!key && virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "key")) {
                key = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(cur);
            } else if (!lockspace &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "lockspace")) {
                lockspace = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(cur);
            } else if (!path &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "target")) {
                path = virXMLPropString(cur, "path");
                offset = virXMLPropString(cur, "offset");
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    if (!key) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing 'key' element for lease"));
        goto error;
    }
    if (!path) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing 'target' element for lease"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (offset &&
        virStrToLong_ull(offset, NULL, 10, &def->offset) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Malformed lease target offset %s"), offset);
        goto error;
    }

    def->key = g_steal_pointer(&key);
    def->lockspace = g_steal_pointer(&lockspace);
    def->path = g_steal_pointer(&path);

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainLeaseDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

static int
virDomainDiskSourcePoolDefParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                                virStorageSourcePoolDefPtr *srcpool)
{
    virStorageSourcePoolDefPtr source;
    int ret = -1;
    g_autofree char *mode = NULL;

    *srcpool = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(source) < 0)
        return -1;

    source->pool = virXMLPropString(node, "pool");
    source->volume = virXMLPropString(node, "volume");
    mode = virXMLPropString(node, "mode");

    /* CD-ROM and Floppy allows no source */
    if (!source->pool && !source->volume) {
        ret = 0;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!source->pool || !source->volume) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("'pool' and 'volume' must be specified together "
                         "for 'pool' type source"));
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (mode &&
        (source->mode = virStorageSourcePoolModeTypeFromString(mode)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown source mode '%s' for volume type disk"),
                       mode);
        goto cleanup;
    }

    *srcpool = g_steal_pointer(&source);
    ret = 0;

 cleanup:
    virStorageSourcePoolDefFree(source);
    return ret;
}


static virStorageNetCookieDefPtr
virDomainStorageNetCookieParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                               xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    g_autoptr(virStorageNetCookieDef) cookie = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    cookie = g_new0(virStorageNetCookieDef, 1);

    if (!(cookie->name = virXPathString("string(./@name)", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s", _("missing cookie name"));
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!(cookie->value = virXPathString("string(.)", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, _("missing value for cookie '%s'"),
                       cookie->name);
        return NULL;
    }

    return g_steal_pointer(&cookie);
}


static int
virDomainStorageNetCookiesParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                                xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                virStorageSourcePtr src)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;
    ssize_t nnodes;
    size_t i;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if ((nnodes = virXPathNodeSet("./cookie", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        return -1;

    src->cookies = g_new0(virStorageNetCookieDefPtr, nnodes);
    src->ncookies = nnodes;

    for (i = 0; i < nnodes; i++) {
        if (!(src->cookies[i] = virDomainStorageNetCookieParse(nodes[i], ctxt)))
            return -1;
    }

    if (virStorageSourceNetCookiesValidate(src) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskSourceNetworkParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                                xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                virStorageSourcePtr src,
                                unsigned int flags)
{
    int tlsCfgVal;
    g_autofree char *protocol = NULL;
    g_autofree char *haveTLS = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tlsCfg = NULL;
    g_autofree char *sslverifystr = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr tmpnode;

    if (!(protocol = virXMLPropString(node, "protocol"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing network source protocol type"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((src->protocol = virStorageNetProtocolTypeFromString(protocol)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown protocol type '%s'"), protocol);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(src->path = virXMLPropString(node, "name")) &&
        src->protocol != VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_NBD) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing name for disk source"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((haveTLS = virXMLPropString(node, "tls")) &&
        (src->haveTLS = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(haveTLS)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                   _("unknown disk source 'tls' setting '%s'"), haveTLS);
            return -1;
    }

    if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_STATUS) &&
        (tlsCfg = virXMLPropString(node, "tlsFromConfig"))) {
        if (virStrToLong_i(tlsCfg, NULL, 10, &tlsCfgVal) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Invalid tlsFromConfig value: %s"),
                           tlsCfg);
            return -1;
        }
        src->tlsFromConfig = !!tlsCfgVal;
    }

    /* for historical reasons we store the volume and image name in one XML
     * element although it complicates thing when attempting to access them. */
    if (src->path &&
        (src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_GLUSTER ||
         src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_RBD)) {
        char *tmp;
        if (!(tmp = strchr(src->path, '/')) ||
            tmp == src->path) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("can't split path '%s' into pool name and image "
                             "name"), src->path);
            return -1;
        }

        src->volume = src->path;

        src->path = g_strdup(tmp + 1);

        tmp[0] = '\0';
    }

    /* snapshot currently works only for remote disks */
    src->snapshot = virXPathString("string(./snapshot/@name)", ctxt);

    /* config file currently only works with remote disks */
    src->configFile = virXPathString("string(./config/@file)", ctxt);

    if (src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_HTTP ||
        src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_HTTPS)
        src->query = virXMLPropString(node, "query");

    if (virDomainStorageNetworkParseHosts(node, &src->hosts, &src->nhosts) < 0)
        return -1;

    virStorageSourceNetworkAssignDefaultPorts(src);

    virStorageSourceInitiatorParseXML(ctxt, &src->initiator);

    if ((src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_HTTPS ||
         src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_FTPS) &&
        (sslverifystr = virXPathString("string(./ssl/@verify)", ctxt))) {
        int verify;
        if ((verify = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(sslverifystr)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("invalid ssl verify mode '%s'"), sslverifystr);
            return -1;
        }

        src->sslverify = verify;
    }

    if ((src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_HTTP ||
         src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_HTTPS) &&
        (tmpnode = virXPathNode("./cookies", ctxt))) {
        if (virDomainStorageNetCookiesParse(tmpnode, ctxt, src) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_HTTP ||
        src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_HTTPS ||
        src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_FTP ||
        src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_FTPS) {

        if (virXPathULongLong("string(./readahead/@size)", ctxt, &src->readahead) == -2 ||
            virXPathULongLong("string(./timeout/@seconds)", ctxt, &src->timeout) == -2) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                          _("invalid readahead size or timeout"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskSourceNVMeParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                             xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                             virStorageSourcePtr src)
{
    g_autoptr(virStorageSourceNVMeDef) nvme = NULL;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;
    g_autofree char *namespc = NULL;
    g_autofree char *managed = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr address;

    nvme = g_new0(virStorageSourceNVMeDef, 1);

    if (!(type = virXMLPropString(node, "type"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing 'type' attribute to disk source"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (STRNEQ(type, "pci")) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("unsupported source type '%s'"),
                       type);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(namespc = virXMLPropString(node, "namespace"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing 'namespace' attribute to disk source"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virStrToLong_ull(namespc, NULL, 10, &nvme->namespc) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("malformed namespace '%s'"),
                       namespc);
        return -1;
    }

    if ((managed = virXMLPropString(node, "managed"))) {
        if ((nvme->managed = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(managed)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("malformed managed value '%s'"),
                           managed);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (!(address = virXPathNode("./address", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("NVMe disk source is missing address"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virPCIDeviceAddressParseXML(address, &nvme->pciAddr) < 0)
        return -1;

    src->nvme = g_steal_pointer(&nvme);
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskSourcePRParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                           xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                           virStoragePRDefPtr *pr)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (!(ctxt->node = virXPathNode("./reservations", ctxt)))
        return 0;

    if (!(*pr = virStoragePRDefParseXML(ctxt)))
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


virStorageSourcePtr
virDomainStorageSourceParseBase(const char *type,
                                const char *format,
                                const char *index)
{
    g_autoptr(virStorageSource) src = NULL;

    if (!(src = virStorageSourceNew()))
        return NULL;

    src->type = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_FILE;

    if (type &&
        (src->type = virStorageTypeFromString(type)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("unknown storage source type '%s'"), type);
        return NULL;
    }

    if (format &&
        (src->format = virStorageFileFormatTypeFromString(format)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("unknown storage source format '%s'"), format);
        return NULL;
    }

    if (index &&
        virStrToLong_uip(index, NULL, 10, &src->id) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("invalid storage source index '%s'"), index);
        return NULL;
    }

    return g_steal_pointer(&src);
}


static virStorageSourceSlicePtr
virDomainStorageSourceParseSlice(xmlNodePtr node,
                                 xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    g_autofree char *offset = NULL;
    g_autofree char *size = NULL;
    g_autofree virStorageSourceSlicePtr ret = g_new0(virStorageSourceSlice, 1);

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (!(offset = virXPathString("string(./@offset)", ctxt)) ||
        !(size = virXPathString("string(./@size)", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing offset or size attribute of slice"));
        return NULL;
    }

    if (virStrToLong_ullp(offset, NULL, 10, &ret->offset) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("malformed value '%s' of 'offset' attribute of slice"),
                       offset);
        return NULL;
    }

    if (virStrToLong_ullp(size, NULL, 10, &ret->size) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("malformed value '%s' of 'size' attribute of slice"),
                       size);
        return NULL;
    }

    return g_steal_pointer(&ret);
}


static int
virDomainStorageSourceParseSlices(virStorageSourcePtr src,
                                  xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    xmlNodePtr node;

    if ((node = virXPathNode("./slices/slice[@type='storage']", ctxt))) {
        if (!(src->sliceStorage = virDomainStorageSourceParseSlice(node, ctxt)))
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainStorageSourceParse:
 * @node: XML node pointing to the source element to parse
 * @ctxt: XPath context
 * @src: filled with parsed data
 * @flags: XML parser flags
 * @xmlopt: XML parser callbacks
 *
 * Parses @src definition from element pointed to by @node. Note that this
 * does not parse the 'type' and 'format' attributes of @src and 'type' needs
 * to be set correctly prior to calling this function.
 */
int
virDomainStorageSourceParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                            xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                            virStorageSourcePtr src,
                            unsigned int flags,
                            virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    xmlNodePtr tmp;

    ctxt->node = node;

    switch ((virStorageType)src->type) {
    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_FILE:
        src->path = virXMLPropString(node, "file");
        break;
    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_BLOCK:
        src->path = virXMLPropString(node, "dev");
        break;
    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_DIR:
        src->path = virXMLPropString(node, "dir");
        break;
    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK:
        if (virDomainDiskSourceNetworkParse(node, ctxt, src, flags) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;
    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_VOLUME:
        if (virDomainDiskSourcePoolDefParse(node, &src->srcpool) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;
    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NVME:
        if (virDomainDiskSourceNVMeParse(node, ctxt, src) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;
    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NONE:
    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_LAST:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected disk type %s"),
                       virStorageTypeToString(src->type));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((tmp = virXPathNode("./auth", ctxt)) &&
        !(src->auth = virStorageAuthDefParse(tmp, ctxt)))
        return -1;

    if ((tmp = virXPathNode("./encryption", ctxt)) &&
        !(src->encryption = virStorageEncryptionParseNode(tmp, ctxt)))
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDiskSourcePRParse(node, ctxt, &src->pr) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainStorageSourceParseSlices(src, ctxt) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virSecurityDeviceLabelDefParseXML(&src->seclabels, &src->nseclabels,
                                          ctxt, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    /* People sometimes pass a bogus '' source path when they mean to omit the
     * source element completely (e.g. CDROM without media). This is just a
     * little compatibility check to help those broken apps */
    if (src->path && !*src->path)
        VIR_FREE(src->path);

    if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_STATUS) &&
        xmlopt && xmlopt->privateData.storageParse &&
        (tmp = virXPathNode("./privateData", ctxt))) {
        ctxt->node = tmp;

        if (xmlopt->privateData.storageParse(ctxt, src) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


int
virDomainDiskBackingStoreParse(xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                               virStorageSourcePtr src,
                               unsigned int flags,
                               virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    xmlNodePtr source;
    g_autoptr(virStorageSource) backingStore = NULL;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;
    g_autofree char *format = NULL;
    g_autofree char *idx = NULL;

    if (!(ctxt->node = virXPathNode("./backingStore", ctxt)))
        return 0;

    /* terminator does not have a type */
    if (!(type = virXMLPropString(ctxt->node, "type"))) {
        if (!(src->backingStore = virStorageSourceNew()))
            return -1;
        return 0;
    }

    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE))
        idx = virXMLPropString(ctxt->node, "index");

    if (!(format = virXPathString("string(./format/@type)", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing disk backing store format"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(source = virXPathNode("./source", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing disk backing store source"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(backingStore = virDomainStorageSourceParseBase(type, format, idx)))
        return -1;

    /* backing store is always read-only */
    backingStore->readonly = true;

    if (virDomainStorageSourceParse(source, ctxt, backingStore, flags, xmlopt) < 0 ||
        virDomainDiskBackingStoreParse(ctxt, backingStore, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    src->backingStore = g_steal_pointer(&backingStore);

    return 0;
}

#define PARSE_IOTUNE(val) \
    if (virXPathULongLong("string(./iotune/" #val ")", \
                          ctxt, &def->blkdeviotune.val) == -2) { \
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, \
                       _("disk iotune field '%s' must be an integer"), #val); \
        return -1; \
    }

static int
virDomainDiskDefIotuneParse(virDomainDiskDefPtr def,
                            xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    PARSE_IOTUNE(total_bytes_sec);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(read_bytes_sec);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(write_bytes_sec);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(total_iops_sec);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(read_iops_sec);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(write_iops_sec);

    PARSE_IOTUNE(total_bytes_sec_max);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(read_bytes_sec_max);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(write_bytes_sec_max);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(total_iops_sec_max);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(read_iops_sec_max);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(write_iops_sec_max);

    PARSE_IOTUNE(size_iops_sec);

    PARSE_IOTUNE(total_bytes_sec_max_length);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(read_bytes_sec_max_length);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(write_bytes_sec_max_length);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(total_iops_sec_max_length);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(read_iops_sec_max_length);
    PARSE_IOTUNE(write_iops_sec_max_length);

    def->blkdeviotune.group_name =
        virXPathString("string(./iotune/group_name)", ctxt);

    if ((def->blkdeviotune.total_bytes_sec &&
         def->blkdeviotune.read_bytes_sec) ||
        (def->blkdeviotune.total_bytes_sec &&
         def->blkdeviotune.write_bytes_sec)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("total and read/write bytes_sec "
                         "cannot be set at the same time"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((def->blkdeviotune.total_iops_sec &&
         def->blkdeviotune.read_iops_sec) ||
        (def->blkdeviotune.total_iops_sec &&
         def->blkdeviotune.write_iops_sec)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("total and read/write iops_sec "
                         "cannot be set at the same time"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((def->blkdeviotune.total_bytes_sec_max &&
         def->blkdeviotune.read_bytes_sec_max) ||
        (def->blkdeviotune.total_bytes_sec_max &&
         def->blkdeviotune.write_bytes_sec_max)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("total and read/write bytes_sec_max "
                         "cannot be set at the same time"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((def->blkdeviotune.total_iops_sec_max &&
         def->blkdeviotune.read_iops_sec_max) ||
        (def->blkdeviotune.total_iops_sec_max &&
         def->blkdeviotune.write_iops_sec_max)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("total and read/write iops_sec_max "
                         "cannot be set at the same time"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}
#undef PARSE_IOTUNE


static int
virDomainDiskDefMirrorParse(virDomainDiskDefPtr def,
                            xmlNodePtr cur,
                            xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                            unsigned int flags,
                            virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    xmlNodePtr mirrorNode;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    g_autofree char *mirrorFormat = NULL;
    g_autofree char *mirrorType = NULL;
    g_autofree char *ready = NULL;
    g_autofree char *blockJob = NULL;
    g_autofree char *index = NULL;

    ctxt->node = cur;

    if ((blockJob = virXMLPropString(cur, "job"))) {
        if ((def->mirrorJob = virDomainBlockJobTypeFromString(blockJob)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown mirror job type '%s'"), blockJob);
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        def->mirrorJob = VIR_DOMAIN_BLOCK_JOB_TYPE_COPY;
    }

    if ((mirrorType = virXMLPropString(cur, "type"))) {
        mirrorFormat = virXPathString("string(./format/@type)", ctxt);
        index = virXPathString("string(./source/@index)", ctxt);
    } else {
        if (def->mirrorJob != VIR_DOMAIN_BLOCK_JOB_TYPE_COPY) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("mirror without type only supported "
                             "by copy job"));
            return -1;
        }
        mirrorFormat = virXMLPropString(cur, "format");
    }

    if (!(def->mirror = virDomainStorageSourceParseBase(mirrorType, mirrorFormat,
                                                        index)))
        return -1;

    if (mirrorType) {
        if (!(mirrorNode = virXPathNode("./source", ctxt))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("mirror requires source element"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (virDomainStorageSourceParse(mirrorNode, ctxt, def->mirror, flags,
                                        xmlopt) < 0)
            return -1;
        if (virDomainDiskBackingStoreParse(ctxt, def->mirror, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
            return -1;
    } else {
        /* For back-compat reasons, we handle a file name encoded as
         * attributes, even though we prefer modern output in the style of
         * backingStore */
        if (!(def->mirror->path = virXMLPropString(cur, "file"))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("mirror requires file name"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if ((ready = virXMLPropString(cur, "ready")) &&
        (def->mirrorState = virDomainDiskMirrorStateTypeFromString(ready)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("unknown mirror ready state %s"), ready);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskDefGeometryParse(virDomainDiskDefPtr def,
                              xmlNodePtr cur)
{
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "cyls"))) {
        if (virStrToLong_ui(tmp, NULL, 10, &def->geometry.cylinders) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("invalid geometry settings (cyls)"));
            return -1;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "heads"))) {
        if (virStrToLong_ui(tmp, NULL, 10, &def->geometry.heads) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("invalid geometry settings (heads)"));
            return -1;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "secs"))) {
        if (virStrToLong_ui(tmp, NULL, 10, &def->geometry.sectors) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("invalid geometry settings (secs)"));
            return -1;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "trans"))) {
        def->geometry.trans = virDomainDiskGeometryTransTypeFromString(tmp);
        if (def->geometry.trans <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("invalid translation value '%s'"),
                           tmp);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskSourceDefParseAuthValidate(const virStorageSource *src)
{
    virStorageAuthDefPtr authdef = src->auth;
    int actUsage;

    if (src->type != VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK || !authdef)
        return 0;

    if ((actUsage = virSecretUsageTypeFromString(authdef->secrettype)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown secret type '%s'"),
                       NULLSTR(authdef->secrettype));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_ISCSI &&
         actUsage != VIR_SECRET_USAGE_TYPE_ISCSI) ||
        (src->protocol == VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_RBD &&
         actUsage != VIR_SECRET_USAGE_TYPE_CEPH)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("invalid secret type '%s'"),
                       virSecretUsageTypeToString(actUsage));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskDefParseValidate(const virDomainDiskDef *def)

{
    virStorageSourcePtr next;

    if (def->bus != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_VIRTIO) {
        if (def->event_idx != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("disk event_idx mode supported only for virtio bus"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (def->ioeventfd != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("disk ioeventfd mode supported only for virtio bus"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (def->device != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_LUN) {
        if (def->rawio != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("rawio can be used only with device='lun'"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (def->sgio != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SGIO_DEFAULT) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("sgio can be used only with device='lun'"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (def->device == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_FLOPPY &&
        def->bus != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_FDC) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid bus type '%s' for floppy disk"),
                       virDomainDiskBusTypeToString(def->bus));
        return -1;
    }

    if (def->device != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_FLOPPY &&
        def->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_FDC) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid bus type '%s' for disk"),
                       virDomainDiskBusTypeToString(def->bus));
        return -1;
    }

    if (def->removable != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT &&
        def->bus != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_USB) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("removable is only valid for usb disks"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (def->startupPolicy != VIR_DOMAIN_STARTUP_POLICY_DEFAULT) {
        if (def->src->type == VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Setting disk %s is not allowed for "
                             "disk of network type"),
                           virDomainStartupPolicyTypeToString(def->startupPolicy));
            return -1;
        }

        if (def->device != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_CDROM &&
            def->device != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_FLOPPY &&
            def->startupPolicy == VIR_DOMAIN_STARTUP_POLICY_REQUISITE) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Setting disk 'requisite' is allowed only for "
                             "cdrom or floppy"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    for (next = def->src; next; next = next->backingStore) {
        if (virDomainDiskSourceDefParseAuthValidate(next) < 0)
            return -1;

        if (next->encryption) {
            virStorageEncryptionPtr encryption = next->encryption;

            if (encryption->format == VIR_STORAGE_ENCRYPTION_FORMAT_LUKS &&
                encryption->encinfo.cipher_name) {

                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                               _("supplying <cipher> for domain disk definition "
                                 "is unnecessary"));
                return -1;
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskDefDriverParseXML(virDomainDiskDefPtr def,
                               xmlNodePtr cur)
{
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    def->driverName = virXMLPropString(cur, "name");

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "cache")) &&
        (def->cachemode = virDomainDiskCacheTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk cache mode '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "error_policy")) &&
        (def->error_policy = virDomainDiskErrorPolicyTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk error policy '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "rerror_policy")) &&
        (((def->rerror_policy = virDomainDiskErrorPolicyTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) ||
         (def->rerror_policy == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_ERROR_POLICY_ENOSPACE))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk read error policy '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "io")) &&
        (def->iomode = virDomainDiskIoTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk io mode '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "ioeventfd")) &&
        (def->ioeventfd = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk ioeventfd mode '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "event_idx")) &&
        (def->event_idx = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk event_idx mode '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "copy_on_read")) &&
        (def->copy_on_read = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk copy_on_read mode '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "discard")) &&
        (def->discard = virDomainDiskDiscardTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk discard mode '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "iothread")) &&
        (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &def->iothread) < 0 ||
         def->iothread == 0)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid iothread attribute in disk driver element: %s"),
                       tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "type"))) {
        if (STREQ(tmp, "aio")) {
            /* Xen back-compat */
            def->src->format = VIR_STORAGE_FILE_RAW;
        } else {
            if ((def->src->format = virStorageFileFormatTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unknown driver format value '%s'"), tmp);
                return -1;
            }
        }

        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "detect_zeroes")) &&
        (def->detect_zeroes = virDomainDiskDetectZeroesTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown driver detect_zeroes value '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "queues")) &&
        virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &def->queues) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("'queues' attribute must be positive number: %s"),
                       tmp);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskDefParsePrivateData(xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                 virDomainDiskDefPtr disk,
                                 virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    xmlNodePtr private_node = virXPathNode("./privateData", ctxt);
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);

    if (!xmlopt ||
        !xmlopt->privateData.diskParse ||
        !private_node)
        return 0;

    ctxt->node = private_node;

    if (xmlopt->privateData.diskParse(ctxt, disk) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


#define VENDOR_LEN  8
#define PRODUCT_LEN 16

static virDomainDiskDefPtr
virDomainDiskDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                         xmlNodePtr node,
                         xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                         unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainDiskDefPtr def;
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    bool source = false;
    virStorageEncryptionPtr encryption = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virStorageAuthDef) authdef = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    g_autofree char *snapshot = NULL;
    g_autofree char *rawio = NULL;
    g_autofree char *sgio = NULL;
    g_autofree char *target = NULL;
    g_autofree char *bus = NULL;
    g_autofree char *serial = NULL;
    g_autofree char *startupPolicy = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tray = NULL;
    g_autofree char *removable = NULL;
    g_autofree char *logical_block_size = NULL;
    g_autofree char *physical_block_size = NULL;
    g_autofree char *wwn = NULL;
    g_autofree char *vendor = NULL;
    g_autofree char *product = NULL;
    g_autofree char *domain_name = NULL;

    if (!(def = virDomainDiskDefNew(xmlopt)))
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    /* defaults */
    def->src->type = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_FILE;
    def->device = VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_DISK;

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "type")) &&
        (def->src->type = virStorageTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk type '%s'"), tmp);
        goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "device")) &&
        (def->device = virDomainDiskDeviceTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk device '%s'"), tmp);
        goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "model")) &&
        (def->model = virDomainDiskModelTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown disk model '%s'"), tmp);
        goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    snapshot = virXMLPropString(node, "snapshot");

    rawio = virXMLPropString(node, "rawio");
    sgio = virXMLPropString(node, "sgio");

    for (cur = node->children; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) {
        if (cur->type != XML_ELEMENT_NODE)
            continue;

        if (!source && virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {
            if (virDomainStorageSourceParse(cur, ctxt, def->src, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
                goto error;

            source = true;

            startupPolicy = virXMLPropString(cur, "startupPolicy");

            if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE) &&
                (tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "index")) &&
                virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &def->src->id) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, _("invalid disk index '%s'"), tmp);
                goto error;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        } else if (!target &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "target")) {
            target = virXMLPropString(cur, "dev");
            bus = virXMLPropString(cur, "bus");
            tray = virXMLPropString(cur, "tray");
            removable = virXMLPropString(cur, "removable");

            /* HACK: Work around for compat with Xen
             * driver in previous libvirt releases */
            if (target &&
                STRPREFIX(target, "ioemu:"))
                memmove(target, target+6, strlen(target)-5);
        } else if (!domain_name &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "backenddomain")) {
            domain_name = virXMLPropString(cur, "name");
        } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "geometry")) {
            if (virDomainDiskDefGeometryParse(def, cur) < 0)
                goto error;
        } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "blockio")) {
            logical_block_size =
                virXMLPropString(cur, "logical_block_size");
            if (logical_block_size &&
                virStrToLong_ui(logical_block_size, NULL, 0,
                                &def->blockio.logical_block_size) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("invalid logical block size '%s'"),
                               logical_block_size);
                goto error;
            }
            physical_block_size =
                virXMLPropString(cur, "physical_block_size");
            if (physical_block_size &&
                virStrToLong_ui(physical_block_size, NULL, 0,
                                &def->blockio.physical_block_size) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("invalid physical block size '%s'"),
                               physical_block_size);
                goto error;
            }
        } else if (!virDomainDiskGetDriver(def) &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "driver")) {
            if (virDomainVirtioOptionsParseXML(cur, &def->virtio) < 0)
                goto error;

            if (virDomainDiskDefDriverParseXML(def, cur) < 0)
                goto error;
        } else if (!def->mirror &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "mirror") &&
                   !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE)) {
            if (virDomainDiskDefMirrorParse(def, cur, ctxt, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
                goto error;
        } else if (!authdef &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "auth")) {
            if (!(authdef = virStorageAuthDefParse(cur, ctxt)))
                goto error;
            def->diskElementAuth = true;
        } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "iotune")) {
            if (virDomainDiskDefIotuneParse(def, ctxt) < 0)
                goto error;
        } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "readonly")) {
            def->src->readonly = true;
        } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "shareable")) {
            def->src->shared = true;
        } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "transient")) {
            def->transient = true;
        } else if (!encryption &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "encryption")) {
            if (!(encryption = virStorageEncryptionParseNode(cur, ctxt)))
                goto error;

            def->diskElementEnc = true;

        } else if (!serial &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "serial")) {
            serial = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(cur);
        } else if (!wwn &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "wwn")) {
            wwn = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(cur);

            if (!virValidateWWN(wwn))
                goto error;
        } else if (!vendor &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "vendor")) {
            vendor = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(cur);

            if (strlen(vendor) > VENDOR_LEN) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("disk vendor is more than 8 characters"));
                goto error;
            }

            if (!virStringIsPrintable(vendor)) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("disk vendor is not printable string"));
                goto error;
            }
        } else if (!product &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "product")) {
            product = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(cur);

            if (strlen(product) > PRODUCT_LEN) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("disk product is more than 16 characters"));
                goto error;
            }

            if (!virStringIsPrintable(product)) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("disk product is not printable string"));
                goto error;
            }
        } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "boot")) {
            /* boot is parsed as part of virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML */
        } else if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_STATUS) &&
                   virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "diskSecretsPlacement")) {
            g_autofree char *secretAuth = virXMLPropString(cur, "auth");
            g_autofree char *secretEnc = virXMLPropString(cur, "enc");

            def->diskElementAuth = !!secretAuth;
            def->diskElementEnc = !!secretEnc;
        }
    }

    /* Reset def->src->type in case when 'source' was not present */
    if (!source)
        def->src->type = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_FILE;

    /* Only CDROM and Floppy devices are allowed missing source path
     * to indicate no media present. LUN is for raw access CD-ROMs
     * that are not attached to a physical device presently */
    if (virStorageSourceIsEmpty(def->src) &&
        (def->device == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_DISK ||
         (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_DISK_SOURCE))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_SOURCE,
                       target ? "%s" : NULL, target);
        goto error;
    }

    if (!target && !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_DISK_SOURCE)) {
        if (def->src->srcpool) {
            tmp = g_strdup_printf("pool = '%s', volume = '%s'",
                                  def->src->srcpool->pool, def->src->srcpool->volume);

            virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_TARGET, "%s", tmp);
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        } else {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_TARGET, def->src->path ? "%s" : NULL, def->src->path);
        }
        goto error;
    }

    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_DISK_SOURCE)) {
        if (def->device == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_FLOPPY &&
            !STRPREFIX(target, "fd")) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("Invalid floppy device name: %s"), target);
            goto error;
        }

        /* Force CDROM to be listed as read only */
        if (def->device == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_CDROM)
            def->src->readonly = true;

        if ((def->device == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_DISK ||
             def->device == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_LUN) &&
            !STRPREFIX((const char *)target, "hd") &&
            !STRPREFIX((const char *)target, "sd") &&
            !STRPREFIX((const char *)target, "vd") &&
            !STRPREFIX((const char *)target, "xvd") &&
            !STRPREFIX((const char *)target, "ubd")) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("Invalid harddisk device name: %s"), target);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (snapshot) {
        def->snapshot = virDomainSnapshotLocationTypeFromString(snapshot);
        if (def->snapshot <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown disk snapshot setting '%s'"),
                           snapshot);
            goto error;
        }
    } else if (def->src->readonly) {
        def->snapshot = VIR_DOMAIN_SNAPSHOT_LOCATION_NONE;
    }

    if (rawio) {
        if ((def->rawio = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(rawio)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("unknown disk rawio setting '%s'"),
                           rawio);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (sgio) {
        if ((def->sgio = virDomainDeviceSGIOTypeFromString(sgio)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown disk sgio mode '%s'"), sgio);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (bus) {
        if ((def->bus = virDomainDiskBusTypeFromString(bus)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown disk bus type '%s'"), bus);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        if (def->device == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_FLOPPY) {
            def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_FDC;
        } else if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_DISK_SOURCE)) {
            if (STRPREFIX(target, "hd"))
                def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_IDE;
            else if (STRPREFIX(target, "sd"))
                def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SCSI;
            else if (STRPREFIX(target, "vd"))
                def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_VIRTIO;
            else if (STRPREFIX(target, "xvd"))
                def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_XEN;
            else if (STRPREFIX(target, "ubd"))
                def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_UML;
            else
                def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_IDE;
        }
    }

    if (tray) {
        if ((def->tray_status = virDomainDiskTrayTypeFromString(tray)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown disk tray status '%s'"), tray);
            goto error;
        }

        if (def->device != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_FLOPPY &&
            def->device != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_CDROM) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("tray is only valid for cdrom and floppy"));
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (removable) {
        if ((def->removable = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(removable)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown disk removable status '%s'"), removable);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info,
                                    flags | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ALLOW_BOOT) < 0) {
        goto error;
    }

    if (startupPolicy) {
        int val;

        if ((val = virDomainStartupPolicyTypeFromString(startupPolicy)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown startupPolicy value '%s'"),
                           startupPolicy);
            goto error;
        }
        def->startupPolicy = val;
    }

    def->dst = g_steal_pointer(&target);
    if (authdef) {
            /* If we've already parsed <source> and found an <auth> child,
             * then generate an error to avoid ambiguity */
            if (def->src->auth) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                               _("an <auth> definition already found for "
                                 "disk source"));
                goto error;
            }

        def->src->auth = g_steal_pointer(&authdef);
    }

    if (encryption) {
            /* If we've already parsed <source> and found an <encryption> child,
             * then generate an error to avoid ambiguity */
            if (def->src->encryption) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                               _("an <encryption> definition already found for "
                                 "disk source"));
                goto error;
            }

        def->src->encryption = g_steal_pointer(&encryption);
    }
    def->domain_name = g_steal_pointer(&domain_name);
    def->serial = g_steal_pointer(&serial);
    def->wwn = g_steal_pointer(&wwn);
    def->vendor = g_steal_pointer(&vendor);
    def->product = g_steal_pointer(&product);

    if (virDomainDiskBackingStoreParse(ctxt, def->src, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_STATUS &&
        virDomainDiskDefParsePrivateData(ctxt, def, xmlopt) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainDiskDefParseValidate(def) < 0)
        goto error;

 cleanup:
    virStorageEncryptionFree(encryption);
    return def;

 error:
    virDomainDiskDefFree(def);
    def = NULL;
    goto cleanup;
}



/**
 * virDomainParseMemory:
 * @xpath: XPath to memory amount
 * @units_xpath: XPath to units attribute
 * @ctxt: XPath context
 * @mem: scaled memory amount is stored here
 * @required: whether value is required
 * @capped: whether scaled value must fit within unsigned long
 *
 * Parse a memory element or attribute located at @xpath within
 * @ctxt, and store the result into @mem, in blocks of 1024. The
 * value is scaled by units located at @units_xpath (or the
 * 'unit' attribute under @xpath if @units_xpath is NULL). If
 * units are not present, he default scale of 1024 is used. If
 * @required is set, then the value must exist; otherwise, the
 * value is optional.  The value must not exceed
 * VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_PARAM_UNLIMITED once scaled; additionally,
 * if @capped is true, the value must fit within an unsigned long
 * (only matters on 32-bit platforms).
 *
 * Return 0 on success, -1 on failure after issuing error.
 */
int
virDomainParseMemory(const char *xpath,
                     const char *units_xpath,
                     xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                     unsigned long long *mem,
                     bool required,
                     bool capped)
{
    unsigned long long bytes, max;

    max = virMemoryMaxValue(capped);

    if (virParseScaledValue(xpath, units_xpath, ctxt,
                            &bytes, 1024, max, required) < 0)
        return -1;

    /* Yes, we really do use kibibytes for our internal sizing.  */
    *mem = VIR_DIV_UP(bytes, 1024);

    if (*mem >= VIR_DIV_UP(max, 1024)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OVERFLOW, "%s", _("size value too large"));
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainParseMemoryLimit:
 *
 * @xpath: XPath to memory amount
 * @units_xpath: XPath to units attribute
 * @ctxt: XPath context
 * @mem: scaled memory amount is stored here
 *
 * Parse a memory element or attribute located at @xpath within @ctxt, and
 * store the result into @mem, in blocks of 1024.  The  value is scaled by
 * units located at @units_xpath (or the 'unit' attribute under @xpath if
 * @units_xpath is NULL).  If units are not present, he default scale of 1024
 * is used.  The value must not exceed VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_PARAM_UNLIMITED
 * once scaled.
 *
 * This helper should be used only on *_limit memory elements.
 *
 * Return 0 on success, -1 on failure after issuing error.
 */
static int
virDomainParseMemoryLimit(const char *xpath,
                          const char *units_xpath,
                          xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                          unsigned long long *mem)
{
    int ret;
    unsigned long long bytes;

    ret = virParseScaledValue(xpath, units_xpath, ctxt, &bytes, 1024,
                              VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_PARAM_UNLIMITED << 10,
                              false);

    if (ret < 0)
        return -1;

    if (ret == 0)
        *mem = VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_PARAM_UNLIMITED;
    else
        *mem = virMemoryLimitTruncate(VIR_DIV_UP(bytes, 1024));

    return 0;
}


bool
virDomainDefHasMemoryHotplug(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    return def->mem.memory_slots > 0 || def->mem.max_memory > 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefGetMemoryInitial:
 * @def: domain definition
 *
 * Returns the size of the initial amount of guest memory. The initial amount
 * is the memory size excluding possible memory modules.
 */
unsigned long long
virDomainDefGetMemoryInitial(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;
    unsigned long long ret = def->mem.total_memory;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nmems; i++)
        ret -= def->mems[i]->size;

    return ret;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefSetMemoryTotal:
 * @def: domain definition
 * @size: size to set
 *
 * Sets the total memory size in @def. This value needs to include possible
 * additional memory modules.
 */
void
virDomainDefSetMemoryTotal(virDomainDefPtr def,
                           unsigned long long size)
{
    def->mem.total_memory = size;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefGetMemoryTotal:
 * @def: domain definition
 *
 * Returns the current maximum memory size usable by the domain described by
 * @def. This size includes possible additional memory devices.
 */
unsigned long long
virDomainDefGetMemoryTotal(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    return def->mem.total_memory;
}


static int
virDomainControllerModelTypeFromString(const virDomainControllerDef *def,
                                       const char *model)
{
    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SCSI)
        return virDomainControllerModelSCSITypeFromString(model);
    else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB)
        return virDomainControllerModelUSBTypeFromString(model);
    else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_PCI)
        return virDomainControllerModelPCITypeFromString(model);
    else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_IDE)
        return virDomainControllerModelIDETypeFromString(model);
    else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL)
        return virDomainControllerModelVirtioSerialTypeFromString(model);

    return -1;
}


static const char *
virDomainControllerModelTypeToString(virDomainControllerDefPtr def,
                                     int model)
{
    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SCSI)
        return virDomainControllerModelSCSITypeToString(model);
    else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB)
        return virDomainControllerModelUSBTypeToString(model);
    else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_PCI)
        return virDomainControllerModelPCITypeToString(model);
    else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_IDE)
        return virDomainControllerModelIDETypeToString(model);
    else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL)
        return virDomainControllerModelVirtioSerialTypeToString(model);

    return NULL;
}


static virDomainControllerDefPtr
virDomainControllerDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                               xmlNodePtr node,
                               xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                               unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainControllerDefPtr def = NULL;
    int type = 0;
    xmlNodePtr cur = NULL;
    bool processedModel = false;
    bool processedTarget = false;
    int numaNode = -1;
    int ports = -1;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    int rc;
    g_autofree char *typeStr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *idx = NULL;
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;
    g_autofree char *queues = NULL;
    g_autofree char *cmd_per_lun = NULL;
    g_autofree char *max_sectors = NULL;
    g_autofree char *modelName = NULL;
    g_autofree char *chassisNr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *chassis = NULL;
    g_autofree char *port = NULL;
    g_autofree char *busNr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *targetIndex = NULL;
    g_autofree char *hotplug = NULL;
    g_autofree char *ioeventfd = NULL;
    g_autofree char *portsStr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *iothread = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    typeStr = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    if (typeStr) {
        if ((type = virDomainControllerTypeFromString(typeStr)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Unknown controller type '%s'"), typeStr);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (!(def = virDomainControllerDefNew(type)))
        goto error;

    model = virXMLPropString(node, "model");
    if (model) {
        if ((def->model = virDomainControllerModelTypeFromString(def, model)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Unknown model type '%s'"), model);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    idx = virXMLPropString(node, "index");
    if (idx) {
        unsigned int idxVal;
        if (virStrToLong_ui(idx, NULL, 10, &idxVal) < 0 ||
            idxVal > INT_MAX) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("Cannot parse controller index %s"), idx);
            goto error;
        }
        def->idx = idxVal;
    }

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "driver")) {
                queues = virXMLPropString(cur, "queues");
                cmd_per_lun = virXMLPropString(cur, "cmd_per_lun");
                max_sectors = virXMLPropString(cur, "max_sectors");
                ioeventfd = virXMLPropString(cur, "ioeventfd");
                iothread = virXMLPropString(cur, "iothread");

                if (virDomainVirtioOptionsParseXML(cur, &def->virtio) < 0)
                    goto error;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "model")) {
                if (processedModel) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("Multiple <model> elements in "
                                     "controller definition not allowed"));
                    goto error;
                }
                modelName = virXMLPropString(cur, "name");
                processedModel = true;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "target")) {
                if (processedTarget) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("Multiple <target> elements in "
                                     "controller definition not allowed"));
                    goto error;
                }
                chassisNr = virXMLPropString(cur, "chassisNr");
                chassis = virXMLPropString(cur, "chassis");
                port = virXMLPropString(cur, "port");
                busNr = virXMLPropString(cur, "busNr");
                hotplug = virXMLPropString(cur, "hotplug");
                targetIndex = virXMLPropString(cur, "index");
                processedTarget = true;
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    /* node is parsed differently from target attributes because
     * someone thought it should be a subelement instead...
     */
    rc = virXPathInt("string(./target/node)", ctxt, &numaNode);
    if (rc == -2 || (rc == 0 && numaNode < 0)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("invalid NUMA node in target"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (queues && virStrToLong_ui(queues, NULL, 10, &def->queues) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Malformed 'queues' value '%s'"), queues);
        goto error;
    }

    if (cmd_per_lun && virStrToLong_ui(cmd_per_lun, NULL, 10, &def->cmd_per_lun) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Malformed 'cmd_per_lun' value '%s'"), cmd_per_lun);
        goto error;
    }

    if (max_sectors && virStrToLong_ui(max_sectors, NULL, 10, &def->max_sectors) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Malformed 'max_sectors' value %s"), max_sectors);
        goto error;
    }

    if (ioeventfd &&
        (def->ioeventfd = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(ioeventfd)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Malformed 'ioeventfd' value %s"), ioeventfd);
        goto error;
    }

    if (iothread) {
        if (virStrToLong_uip(iothread, NULL, 10, &def->iothread) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Invalid 'iothread' value '%s'"), iothread);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB &&
        def->model == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_NONE) {
        VIR_DEBUG("Ignoring device address for none model usb controller");
    } else if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                           &def->info, flags) < 0) {
        goto error;
    }

    portsStr = virXMLPropString(node, "ports");
    if (portsStr) {
        int r = virStrToLong_i(portsStr, NULL, 10, &ports);
        if (r != 0 || ports < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("Invalid ports: %s"), portsStr);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL: {
        g_autofree char *vectors = virXMLPropString(node, "vectors");

        def->opts.vioserial.ports = ports;
        if (vectors) {
            int r = virStrToLong_i(vectors, NULL, 10,
                                   &def->opts.vioserial.vectors);
            if (r != 0 || def->opts.vioserial.vectors < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid vectors: %s"), vectors);
                goto error;
            }
        }
        break;
    }
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB: {
        /* If the XML has a uhci1, uhci2, uhci3 controller and no
         * master port was given, we should set a sensible one */
        int masterPort = -1;
        switch (def->model) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_ICH9_UHCI1:
            masterPort = 0;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_ICH9_UHCI2:
            masterPort = 2;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_ICH9_UHCI3:
            masterPort = 4;
            break;
        }
        if (masterPort != -1 &&
            def->info.mastertype == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MASTER_NONE) {
            def->info.mastertype = VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MASTER_USB;
            def->info.master.usb.startport = masterPort;
        }

        def->opts.usbopts.ports = ports;
        break;
    }
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_PCI:
        switch ((virDomainControllerModelPCI) def->model) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCI_ROOT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCIE_ROOT: {
            unsigned long long bytes;
            if (def->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("pci-root and pcie-root controllers should not "
                                 "have an address"));
                goto error;
            }
            if ((rc = virParseScaledValue("./pcihole64", NULL,
                                          ctxt, &bytes, 1024,
                                          1024ULL * ULONG_MAX, false)) < 0)
                goto error;

            if (rc == 1)
                def->opts.pciopts.pcihole64 = true;
            def->opts.pciopts.pcihole64size = VIR_DIV_UP(bytes, 1024);
        }
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCI_BRIDGE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_DMI_TO_PCI_BRIDGE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCIE_TO_PCI_BRIDGE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCIE_ROOT_PORT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCIE_SWITCH_UPSTREAM_PORT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCIE_SWITCH_DOWNSTREAM_PORT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCI_EXPANDER_BUS:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCIE_EXPANDER_BUS:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCI_DEFAULT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCI_LAST:
            /* Other controller models don't require extra checks */
            break;
        }
        if (modelName &&
            (def->opts.pciopts.modelName
             = virDomainControllerPCIModelNameTypeFromString(modelName)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Unknown PCI controller model name '%s'"),
                           modelName);
            goto error;
        }
        if (chassisNr) {
            if (virStrToLong_i(chassisNr, NULL, 0,
                               &def->opts.pciopts.chassisNr) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid chassisNr '%s' in PCI controller"),
                               chassisNr);
                goto error;
            }
            if (def->opts.pciopts.chassisNr < 1 ||
                def->opts.pciopts.chassisNr > 255) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("PCI controller chassisNr '%s' out of range "
                                 "- must be 1-255"),
                               chassisNr);
                goto error;
            }
        }
        if (chassis) {
            if (virStrToLong_i(chassis, NULL, 0,
                               &def->opts.pciopts.chassis) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid chassis '%s' in PCI controller"),
                               chassis);
                goto error;
            }
            if (def->opts.pciopts.chassis < 0 ||
                def->opts.pciopts.chassis > 255) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("PCI controller chassis '%s' out of range "
                                 "- must be 0-255"),
                               chassis);
                goto error;
            }
        }
        if (port) {
            if (virStrToLong_i(port, NULL, 0,
                               &def->opts.pciopts.port) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid port '%s' in PCI controller"),
                               port);
                goto error;
            }
            if (def->opts.pciopts.port < 0 ||
                def->opts.pciopts.port > 255) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("PCI controller port '%s' out of range "
                                 "- must be 0-255"),
                               port);
                goto error;
            }
        }
        if (busNr) {
            if (virStrToLong_i(busNr, NULL, 0,
                               &def->opts.pciopts.busNr) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid busNr '%s' in PCI controller"),
                               busNr);
                goto error;
            }
            if (def->opts.pciopts.busNr < 1 ||
                def->opts.pciopts.busNr > 254) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("PCI controller busNr '%s' out of range "
                                 "- must be 1-254"),
                               busNr);
                goto error;
            }
        }
        if (targetIndex) {
            if (virStrToLong_i(targetIndex, NULL, 0,
                               &def->opts.pciopts.targetIndex) < 0 ||
                def->opts.pciopts.targetIndex == -1) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid target index '%s' in PCI controller"),
                               targetIndex);
                goto error;
            }
        }
        if (numaNode >= 0) {
            if (def->idx == 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("The PCI controller with index=0 can't "
                                 "be associated with a NUMA node"));
                goto error;
            }
            def->opts.pciopts.numaNode = numaNode;
        }
        if (hotplug) {
            int val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(hotplug);

            if (val <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("PCI controller unrecognized hotplug setting '%s'"),
                               hotplug);
                goto error;
            }
            def->opts.pciopts.hotplug = val;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_XENBUS: {
        g_autofree char *gntframes = virXMLPropString(node, "maxGrantFrames");
        g_autofree char *eventchannels = virXMLPropString(node, "maxEventChannels");

        if (gntframes) {
            int r = virStrToLong_i(gntframes, NULL, 10,
                                   &def->opts.xenbusopts.maxGrantFrames);
            if (r != 0 || def->opts.xenbusopts.maxGrantFrames < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid maxGrantFrames: %s"), gntframes);
                goto error;
            }
        }
        if (eventchannels) {
            int r = virStrToLong_i(eventchannels, NULL, 10,
                                   &def->opts.xenbusopts.maxEventChannels);
            if (r != 0 || def->opts.xenbusopts.maxEventChannels < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid maxEventChannels: %s"), eventchannels);
                goto error;
            }
        }
        break;
    }

    default:
        break;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainControllerDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}


void
virDomainNetGenerateMAC(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                        virMacAddrPtr mac)
{
    virMacAddrGenerate(xmlopt->config.macPrefix, mac);
}


static virDomainFSDefPtr
virDomainFSDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                       xmlNodePtr node,
                       xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                       unsigned int flags)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virDomainFSDefPtr def;
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;
    g_autofree char *fsdriver = NULL;
    g_autofree char *source = NULL;
    g_autofree char *target = NULL;
    g_autofree char *format = NULL;
    g_autofree char *accessmode = NULL;
    g_autofree char *wrpolicy = NULL;
    g_autofree char *usage = NULL;
    g_autofree char *units = NULL;
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;
    g_autofree char *multidevs = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (!(def = virDomainFSDefNew(xmlopt)))
        return NULL;

    type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    if (type) {
        if ((def->type = virDomainFSTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown filesystem type '%s'"), type);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->type = VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_MOUNT;
    }

    accessmode = virXMLPropString(node, "accessmode");
    if (accessmode) {
        if ((def->accessmode = virDomainFSAccessModeTypeFromString(accessmode)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown accessmode '%s'"), accessmode);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->accessmode = VIR_DOMAIN_FS_ACCESSMODE_PASSTHROUGH;
    }

    model = virXMLPropString(node, "model");
    if (model) {
        if ((def->model = virDomainFSModelTypeFromString(model)) < 0 ||
            def->model == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_MODEL_DEFAULT) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown model '%s'"), model);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    multidevs = virXMLPropString(node, "multidevs");
    if (multidevs) {
        if ((def->multidevs = virDomainFSMultidevsTypeFromString(multidevs)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown multidevs '%s'"), multidevs);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->multidevs = VIR_DOMAIN_FS_MULTIDEVS_DEFAULT;
    }

    if (virParseScaledValue("./space_hard_limit[1]",
                            NULL, ctxt, &def->space_hard_limit,
                            1, ULLONG_MAX, false) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virParseScaledValue("./space_soft_limit[1]",
                            NULL, ctxt, &def->space_soft_limit,
                            1, ULLONG_MAX, false) < 0)
        goto error;

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (!source &&
                virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {

                if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_MOUNT ||
                    def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_BIND) {
                    source = virXMLPropString(cur, "dir");
                } else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_FILE) {
                    source = virXMLPropString(cur, "file");
                } else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_BLOCK) {
                    source = virXMLPropString(cur, "dev");
                } else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_TEMPLATE) {
                    source = virXMLPropString(cur, "name");
                } else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_RAM) {
                    usage = virXMLPropString(cur, "usage");
                    units = virXMLPropString(cur, "units");
                } else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_VOLUME) {
                    def->src->type = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_VOLUME;
                    if (virDomainDiskSourcePoolDefParse(cur, &def->src->srcpool) < 0)
                        goto error;
                }
            } else if (!target &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "target")) {
                target = virXMLPropString(cur, "dir");
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "readonly")) {
                def->readonly = true;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "driver")) {
                if (!fsdriver)
                    fsdriver = virXMLPropString(cur, "type");
                if (!wrpolicy)
                    wrpolicy = virXMLPropString(cur, "wrpolicy");
                if (!format)
                    format = virXMLPropString(cur, "format");

                if (virDomainVirtioOptionsParseXML(cur, &def->virtio) < 0)
                    goto error;
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    if (fsdriver) {
        if ((def->fsdriver = virDomainFSDriverTypeFromString(fsdriver)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown fs driver type '%s'"), fsdriver);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (def->fsdriver == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_DRIVER_TYPE_VIRTIOFS) {
        g_autofree char *queue_size = virXPathString("string(./driver/@queue)", ctxt);
        g_autofree char *binary = virXPathString("string(./binary/@path)", ctxt);
        g_autofree char *xattr = virXPathString("string(./binary/@xattr)", ctxt);
        g_autofree char *cache = virXPathString("string(./binary/cache/@mode)", ctxt);
        g_autofree char *posix_lock = virXPathString("string(./binary/lock/@posix)", ctxt);
        g_autofree char *flock = virXPathString("string(./binary/lock/@flock)", ctxt);
        int val;

        if (queue_size && virStrToLong_ull(queue_size, NULL, 10, &def->queue_size) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse queue size '%s' for virtiofs"),
                           queue_size);
            goto error;
        }

        if (binary)
            def->binary = virFileSanitizePath(binary);

        if (xattr) {
            if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(xattr)) <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unknown xattr value '%s'"), xattr);
                goto error;
            }
            def->xattr = val;
        }

        if (cache) {
            if ((val = virDomainFSCacheModeTypeFromString(cache)) <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("cannot parse cache mode '%s' for virtiofs"),
                               cache);
                goto error;
            }
            def->cache = val;
        }

        if (posix_lock) {
            if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(posix_lock)) <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unknown posix lock value '%s'"), posix_lock);
                goto error;
            }
            def->posix_lock = val;
        }

        if (flock) {
            if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(flock)) <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unknown flock value '%s'"), flock);
                goto error;
            }
            def->flock = val;
        }
    }

    if (format) {
        if ((def->format = virStorageFileFormatTypeFromString(format)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown driver format value '%s'"), format);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (wrpolicy) {
        if ((def->wrpolicy = virDomainFSWrpolicyTypeFromString(wrpolicy)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown filesystem write policy '%s'"), wrpolicy);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->wrpolicy = VIR_DOMAIN_FS_WRPOLICY_DEFAULT;
    }

    if (source == NULL && def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_RAM
        && def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_VOLUME) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_SOURCE,
                       target ? "%s" : NULL, target);
        goto error;
    }

    if (target == NULL) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_TARGET,
                       source ? "%s" : NULL, source);
        goto error;
    }

    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_RAM) {
        if (!usage) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("missing 'usage' attribute for RAM filesystem"));
            goto error;
        }
        if (virStrToLong_ull(usage, NULL, 10, &def->usage) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse usage '%s' for RAM filesystem"),
                           usage);
            goto error;
        }
        if (virScaleInteger(&def->usage, units,
                            1024, ULLONG_MAX) < 0)
            goto error;
    }

    def->src->path = g_steal_pointer(&source);
    def->dst = g_steal_pointer(&target);

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainFSDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

static int
virDomainActualNetDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                              xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                              virDomainNetDefPtr parent,
                              virDomainActualNetDefPtr *def,
                              unsigned int flags,
                              virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainActualNetDefPtr actual = NULL;
    int ret = -1;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    xmlNodePtr bandwidth_node = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr vlanNode;
    xmlNodePtr virtPortNode;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;
    g_autofree char *mode = NULL;
    g_autofree char *addrtype = NULL;
    g_autofree char *trustGuestRxFilters = NULL;
    g_autofree char *macTableManager = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(actual) < 0)
        return -1;

    ctxt->node = node;

    type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing type attribute in interface's <actual> element"));
        goto error;
    }
    if ((actual->type = virDomainNetTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown type '%s' in interface's <actual> element"), type);
        goto error;
    }
    if (actual->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE &&
        actual->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT &&
        actual->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV &&
        actual->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unsupported type '%s' in interface's <actual> element"),
                       type);
        goto error;
    }

    trustGuestRxFilters = virXMLPropString(node, "trustGuestRxFilters");
    if (trustGuestRxFilters &&
        ((actual->trustGuestRxFilters
          = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(trustGuestRxFilters)) <= 0)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown trustGuestRxFilters value '%s'"),
                       trustGuestRxFilters);
        goto error;
    }

    virtPortNode = virXPathNode("./virtualport", ctxt);
    if (virtPortNode) {
        if (actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE ||
            actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT ||
            actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV) {
            /* the virtualport in <actual> should always already
             * have an instanceid/interfaceid if its required,
             * so don't let the parser generate one */
            if (!(actual->virtPortProfile
                  = virNetDevVPortProfileParse(virtPortNode,
                                               VIR_VPORT_XML_REQUIRE_ALL_ATTRIBUTES |
                                               VIR_VPORT_XML_REQUIRE_TYPE))) {
                goto error;
            }
        } else {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("<virtualport> element unsupported for type='%s'"
                             " in interface's <actual> element"), type);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT) {
        xmlNodePtr sourceNode = virXPathNode("./source[1]", ctxt);

        if (sourceNode) {
            actual->data.direct.linkdev = virXMLPropString(sourceNode, "dev");

            mode = virXMLPropString(sourceNode, "mode");
            if (mode) {
                int m;
                if ((m = virNetDevMacVLanModeTypeFromString(mode)) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("Unknown mode '%s' in interface <actual> element"),
                                   mode);
                    goto error;
                }
                actual->data.direct.mode = m;
            }
        }
    } else if (actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV) {
        virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev = &actual->data.hostdev.def;

        hostdev->parentnet = parent;
        hostdev->info = &parent->info;
        /* The helper function expects type to already be found and
         * passed in as a string, since it is in a different place in
         * NetDef vs HostdevDef.
         */
        addrtype = virXPathString("string(./source/address/@type)", ctxt);
        /* if not explicitly stated, source/vendor implies usb device */
        if (!addrtype && virXPathNode("./source/vendor", ctxt))
            addrtype = g_strdup("usb");
        hostdev->mode = VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS;
        if (virDomainHostdevDefParseXMLSubsys(node, ctxt, addrtype,
                                              hostdev, flags, xmlopt) < 0) {
            goto error;
        }
    } else if (actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE ||
               actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) {
        g_autofree char *class_id = NULL;
        xmlNodePtr sourceNode;

        class_id = virXPathString("string(./class/@id)", ctxt);
        if (class_id &&
            virStrToLong_ui(class_id, NULL, 10, &actual->class_id) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("Unable to parse class id '%s'"),
                           class_id);
            goto error;
        }

        sourceNode = virXPathNode("./source", ctxt);
        if (sourceNode) {
            char *brname = virXMLPropString(sourceNode, "bridge");

            if (!brname && actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("Missing <source> element with bridge name in "
                                 "interface's <actual> element"));
                goto error;
            }
            actual->data.bridge.brname = brname;
            macTableManager = virXMLPropString(sourceNode, "macTableManager");
            if (macTableManager &&
                (actual->data.bridge.macTableManager
                 = virNetworkBridgeMACTableManagerTypeFromString(macTableManager)) <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid macTableManager setting '%s' "
                                 "in domain interface's <actual> element"),
                               macTableManager);
                goto error;
            }
        }
    }

    bandwidth_node = virXPathNode("./bandwidth", ctxt);
    if (bandwidth_node &&
        virNetDevBandwidthParse(&actual->bandwidth,
                                NULL,
                                bandwidth_node,
                                actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) < 0)
        goto error;

    vlanNode = virXPathNode("./vlan", ctxt);
    if (vlanNode && virNetDevVlanParse(vlanNode, ctxt, &actual->vlan) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virNetworkPortOptionsParseXML(ctxt, &actual->isolatedPort) < 0)
        goto error;

    *def = g_steal_pointer(&actual);
    ret = 0;
 error:
    virDomainActualNetDefFree(actual);

    return ret;
}

#define NET_MODEL_CHARS \
    "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_-"


int
virDomainNetAppendIPAddress(virDomainNetDefPtr def,
                            const char *address,
                            int family,
                            unsigned int prefix)
{
    virNetDevIPAddrPtr ipDef = NULL;
    if (VIR_ALLOC(ipDef) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virSocketAddrParse(&ipDef->address, address, family) < 0)
        goto error;
    ipDef->prefix = prefix;

    if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->guestIP.ips, def->guestIP.nips, ipDef) < 0)
        goto error;

    return 0;

 error:
    VIR_FREE(ipDef);
    return -1;
}


static int
virDomainChrSourceReconnectDefParseXML(virDomainChrSourceReconnectDefPtr def,
                                       xmlNodePtr node,
                                       xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    int tmpVal;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if ((cur = virXPathNode("./reconnect", ctxt))) {
        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "enabled"))) {
            if ((tmpVal = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("invalid reconnect enabled value: '%s'"),
                               tmp);
                return -1;
            }
            def->enabled = tmpVal;
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        }

        if (def->enabled == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES) {
            if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "timeout"))) {
                if (virStrToLong_ui(tmp, NULL, 10, &def->timeout) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                                   _("invalid reconnect timeout value: '%s'"),
                                   tmp);
                    return -1;
                }
            } else {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("missing timeout for chardev with "
                                 "reconnect enabled"));
                return -1;
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static virDomainNetDefPtr
virDomainNetDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                        xmlNodePtr node,
                        xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainNetDefPtr def;
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev;
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    xmlNodePtr tmpNode;
    virHashTablePtr filterparams = NULL;
    virDomainActualNetDefPtr actual = NULL;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virDomainChrSourceReconnectDef reconnect = {0};
    int rv, val;
    g_autofree char *macaddr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *macaddr_type = NULL;
    g_autofree char *macaddr_check = NULL;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;
    g_autofree char *network = NULL;
    g_autofree char *portgroup = NULL;
    g_autofree char *portid = NULL;
    g_autofree char *bridge = NULL;
    g_autofree char *dev = NULL;
    g_autofree char *ifname = NULL;
    g_autofree char *managed_tap = NULL;
    g_autofree char *ifname_guest = NULL;
    g_autofree char *ifname_guest_actual = NULL;
    g_autofree char *script = NULL;
    g_autofree char *downscript = NULL;
    g_autofree char *address = NULL;
    g_autofree char *port = NULL;
    g_autofree char *localaddr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *localport = NULL;
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;
    g_autofree char *backend = NULL;
    g_autofree char *txmode = NULL;
    g_autofree char *ioeventfd = NULL;
    g_autofree char *event_idx = NULL;
    g_autofree char *queues = NULL;
    g_autofree char *rx_queue_size = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tx_queue_size = NULL;
    g_autofree char *str = NULL;
    g_autofree char *filter = NULL;
    g_autofree char *internal = NULL;
    g_autofree char *mode = NULL;
    g_autofree char *linkstate = NULL;
    g_autofree char *addrtype = NULL;
    g_autofree char *domain_name = NULL;
    g_autofree char *vhostuser_mode = NULL;
    g_autofree char *vhostuser_path = NULL;
    g_autofree char *vhostuser_type = NULL;
    g_autofree char *trustGuestRxFilters = NULL;
    g_autofree char *vhost_path = NULL;
    g_autofree char *teamingType = NULL;
    g_autofree char *teamingPersistent = NULL;
    const char *prefix = xmlopt ? xmlopt->config.netPrefix : NULL;

    if (!(def = virDomainNetDefNew(xmlopt)))
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    if (type != NULL) {
        if ((int)(def->type = virDomainNetTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown interface type '%s'"), type);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->type = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_USER;
    }

    trustGuestRxFilters = virXMLPropString(node, "trustGuestRxFilters");
    if (trustGuestRxFilters &&
        ((def->trustGuestRxFilters
          = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(trustGuestRxFilters)) <= 0)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown trustGuestRxFilters value '%s'"),
                       trustGuestRxFilters);
        goto error;
    }

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {
                xmlNodePtr tmpnode = ctxt->node;

                ctxt->node = cur;
                if (virDomainNetIPInfoParseXML(_("interface host IP"),
                                               ctxt, &def->hostIP) < 0)
                    goto error;
                ctxt->node = tmpnode;
            }
            if (!macaddr && virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "mac")) {
                macaddr = virXMLPropString(cur, "address");
                macaddr_type = virXMLPropString(cur, "type");
                macaddr_check = virXMLPropString(cur, "check");
            } else if (!network &&
                       def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {
                network = virXMLPropString(cur, "network");
                portgroup = virXMLPropString(cur, "portgroup");
                if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE))
                    portid = virXMLPropString(cur, "portid");
            } else if (!internal &&
                       def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_INTERNAL &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {
                internal = virXMLPropString(cur, "name");
            } else if (!bridge &&
                       def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {
                bridge = virXMLPropString(cur, "bridge");
            } else if (!dev && def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {
                dev  = virXMLPropString(cur, "dev");
                mode = virXMLPropString(cur, "mode");
            } else if (!dev && def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_ETHERNET &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {
                /* This clause is only necessary because from 2010 to
                 * 2016 it was possible (but never documented) to
                 * configure the name of the guest-side interface of
                 * an openvz domain with <source dev='blah'/>.  That
                 * was blatant misuse of <source>, so was likely
                 * (hopefully) never used, but just in case there was
                 * somebody using it, we need to generate an error. If
                 * the openvz driver is ever deprecated, this clause
                 * can be removed from here.
                 */
                if ((dev = virXMLPropString(cur, "dev"))) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                                   _("Invalid attempt to set <interface type='ethernet'> "
                                     "device name with <source dev='%s'/>. "
                                     "Use <target dev='%s'/> (for host-side) "
                                     "or <guest dev='%s'/> (for guest-side) instead."),
                                   dev, dev, dev);
                    goto error;
                }
            } else if (!vhostuser_path && !vhostuser_mode && !vhostuser_type
                       && def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_VHOSTUSER
                       && virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {
                vhostuser_type = virXMLPropString(cur, "type");
                vhostuser_path = virXMLPropString(cur, "path");
                vhostuser_mode = virXMLPropString(cur, "mode");
                if (virDomainChrSourceReconnectDefParseXML(&reconnect, cur, ctxt) < 0)
                    goto error;

            } else if (!def->virtPortProfile
                       && virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "virtualport")) {
                if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) {
                    if (!(def->virtPortProfile
                          = virNetDevVPortProfileParse(cur,
                                                       VIR_VPORT_XML_GENERATE_MISSING_DEFAULTS))) {
                        goto error;
                    }
                } else if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE ||
                           def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT ||
                           def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV) {
                    if (!(def->virtPortProfile
                          = virNetDevVPortProfileParse(cur,
                                                       VIR_VPORT_XML_GENERATE_MISSING_DEFAULTS|
                                                       VIR_VPORT_XML_REQUIRE_ALL_ATTRIBUTES|
                                                       VIR_VPORT_XML_REQUIRE_TYPE))) {
                        goto error;
                    }
                } else {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("<virtualport> element unsupported for"
                                     " <interface type='%s'>"), type);
                    goto error;
                }
            } else if (!address &&
                       (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_SERVER ||
                        def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_CLIENT ||
                        def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_MCAST ||
                        def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP) &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {
                address = virXMLPropString(cur, "address");
                port = virXMLPropString(cur, "port");
                if (!localaddr && def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP) {
                    xmlNodePtr tmpnode = ctxt->node;
                    ctxt->node = cur;
                    if ((tmpNode = virXPathNode("./local", ctxt))) {
                        localaddr = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "address");
                        localport = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "port");
                    }
                    ctxt->node = tmpnode;
                }
            } else if (!ifname &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "target")) {
                ifname = virXMLPropString(cur, "dev");
                managed_tap = virXMLPropString(cur, "managed");
            } else if ((!ifname_guest || !ifname_guest_actual) &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "guest")) {
                ifname_guest = virXMLPropString(cur, "dev");
                ifname_guest_actual = virXMLPropString(cur, "actual");
            } else if (!linkstate &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "link")) {
                linkstate = virXMLPropString(cur, "state");
            } else if (!script &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "script")) {
                script = virXMLPropString(cur, "path");
            } else if (!downscript &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "downscript")) {
                downscript = virXMLPropString(cur, "path");
            } else if (!domain_name &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "backenddomain")) {
                domain_name = virXMLPropString(cur, "name");
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "model")) {
                model = virXMLPropString(cur, "type");
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "driver")) {
                backend = virXMLPropString(cur, "name");
                txmode = virXMLPropString(cur, "txmode");
                ioeventfd = virXMLPropString(cur, "ioeventfd");
                event_idx = virXMLPropString(cur, "event_idx");
                queues = virXMLPropString(cur, "queues");
                rx_queue_size = virXMLPropString(cur, "rx_queue_size");
                tx_queue_size = virXMLPropString(cur, "tx_queue_size");

                if (virDomainVirtioOptionsParseXML(cur, &def->virtio) < 0)
                    goto error;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "filterref")) {
                if (filter) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("Invalid specification of multiple <filterref>s "
                                     "in a single <interface>"));
                    goto error;
                }
                filter = virXMLPropString(cur, "filter");
                virHashFree(filterparams);
                filterparams = virNWFilterParseParamAttributes(cur);
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "boot")) {
                /* boot is parsed as part of virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML */
            } else if (!actual &&
                       (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ACTUAL_NET) &&
                       def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "actual")) {
                if (virDomainActualNetDefParseXML(cur, ctxt, def,
                                                  &actual, flags, xmlopt) < 0) {
                    goto error;
                }
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "bandwidth")) {
                if (virNetDevBandwidthParse(&def->bandwidth,
                                            NULL,
                                            cur,
                                            def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) < 0)
                    goto error;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "vlan")) {
                if (virNetDevVlanParse(cur, ctxt, &def->vlan) < 0)
                    goto error;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "backend")) {
                char *tmp = NULL;

                if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "tap")))
                    def->backend.tap = virFileSanitizePath(tmp);
                VIR_FREE(tmp);

                if (!vhost_path && (tmp = virXMLPropString(cur, "vhost")))
                    vhost_path = virFileSanitizePath(tmp);
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "teaming") &&
                       !teamingType && !teamingPersistent) {
                teamingType = virXMLPropString(cur, "type");
                teamingPersistent =  virXMLPropString(cur, "persistent");
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    if (macaddr) {
        if (virMacAddrParse((const char *)macaddr, &def->mac) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("unable to parse mac address '%s'"),
                           (const char *)macaddr);
            goto error;
        }
        if (virMacAddrIsMulticast(&def->mac)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("expected unicast mac address, found multicast '%s'"),
                           (const char *)macaddr);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        virDomainNetGenerateMAC(xmlopt, &def->mac);
        def->mac_generated = true;
    }

    if (macaddr_type) {
        int tmp;
        if ((tmp = virDomainNetMacTypeTypeFromString(macaddr_type)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("invalid mac address check value: '%s'. Valid "
                             "values are \"generated\" and \"static\"."),
                           macaddr_type);
            goto error;
        }
        def->mac_type = tmp;
    }
    if (macaddr_check) {
        int tmpCheck;
        if ((tmpCheck = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(macaddr_check)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("invalid mac address check value: '%s'"),
                           macaddr_check);
            goto error;
        }
        def->mac_check = tmpCheck;
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info,
                                    flags | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ALLOW_BOOT
                                    | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ALLOW_ROM) < 0) {
        goto error;
    }

    if (model != NULL &&
        virDomainNetSetModelString(def, model) < 0)
        goto error;

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK:
        if (network == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("No <source> 'network' attribute "
                             "specified with <interface type='network'/>"));
            goto error;
        }
        if (portid &&
            virUUIDParse(portid, def->data.network.portid) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("Unable to parse port id '%s'"), portid);
            goto error;
        }

        def->data.network.name = g_steal_pointer(&network);
        def->data.network.portgroup = g_steal_pointer(&portgroup);
        def->data.network.actual = g_steal_pointer(&actual);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_VHOSTUSER:
        if (!virDomainNetIsVirtioModel(def)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Wrong or no <model> 'type' attribute "
                             "specified with <interface type='vhostuser'/>. "
                             "vhostuser requires the virtio-net* frontend"));
            goto error;
        }

        if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(vhostuser_type, "unix")) {
            if (vhostuser_type)
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("Type='%s' unsupported for"
                                 " <interface type='vhostuser'>"),
                               vhostuser_type);
            else
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                               _("No <source> 'type' attribute "
                                 "specified for <interface "
                                 "type='vhostuser'>"));
            goto error;
        }

        if (vhostuser_path == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("No <source> 'path' attribute "
                             "specified with <interface "
                             "type='vhostuser'/>"));
            goto error;
        }

        if (vhostuser_mode == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("No <source> 'mode' attribute "
                             "specified with <interface "
                             "type='vhostuser'/>"));
            goto error;
        }

        if (!(def->data.vhostuser = virDomainChrSourceDefNew(xmlopt)))
            goto error;

        def->data.vhostuser->type = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UNIX;
        def->data.vhostuser->data.nix.path = g_steal_pointer(&vhostuser_path);

        if (STREQ(vhostuser_mode, "server")) {
            def->data.vhostuser->data.nix.listen = true;
            if (reconnect.enabled == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                               _("'reconnect' attribute  unsupported "
                                 "'server' mode for <interface type='vhostuser'>"));
                goto error;
           }
        } else if (STREQ(vhostuser_mode, "client")) {
            def->data.vhostuser->data.nix.listen = false;
            def->data.vhostuser->data.nix.reconnect = reconnect;
        } else {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("Wrong <source> 'mode' attribute "
                             "specified with <interface "
                             "type='vhostuser'/>"));
            goto error;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE:
        if (bridge == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("No <source> 'bridge' attribute "
                             "specified with <interface type='bridge'/>"));
            goto error;
        }
        def->data.bridge.brname = g_steal_pointer(&bridge);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_CLIENT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_SERVER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_MCAST:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP:
        if (port == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("No <source> 'port' attribute "
                             "specified with socket interface"));
            goto error;
        }
        if (virStrToLong_i(port, NULL, 10, &def->data.socket.port) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Cannot parse <source> 'port' attribute "
                             "with socket interface"));
            goto error;
        }

        if (address == NULL) {
            if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_CLIENT ||
                def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_MCAST ||
                def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("No <source> 'address' attribute "
                                 "specified with socket interface"));
                goto error;
            }
        } else {
            def->data.socket.address = g_steal_pointer(&address);
        }

        if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP)
            break;

        if (localport == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("No <local> 'port' attribute "
                             "specified with socket interface"));
            goto error;
        }
        if (virStrToLong_i(localport, NULL, 10, &def->data.socket.localport) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Cannot parse <local> 'port' attribute "
                             "with socket interface"));
            goto error;
        }

        if (localaddr == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("No <local> 'address' attribute "
                             "specified with socket interface"));
            goto error;
        } else {
            def->data.socket.localaddr = g_steal_pointer(&localaddr);
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_INTERNAL:
        if (internal == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("No <source> 'name' attribute specified "
                             "with <interface type='internal'/>"));
            goto error;
        }
        def->data.internal.name = g_steal_pointer(&internal);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT:
        if (dev == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("No <source> 'dev' attribute specified "
                             "with <interface type='direct'/>"));
            goto error;
        }

        if (mode != NULL) {
            if ((val = virNetDevMacVLanModeTypeFromString(mode)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                               _("Unknown mode has been specified"));
                goto error;
            }
            def->data.direct.mode = val;
        } else {
            def->data.direct.mode = VIR_NETDEV_MACVLAN_MODE_VEPA;
        }

        def->data.direct.linkdev = g_steal_pointer(&dev);

        if (ifname &&
            flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE &&
            (STRPREFIX(ifname, VIR_NET_GENERATED_MACVTAP_PREFIX) ||
             STRPREFIX(ifname, VIR_NET_GENERATED_MACVLAN_PREFIX))) {
            VIR_FREE(ifname);
        }

        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
        hostdev = &def->data.hostdev.def;
        hostdev->parentnet = def;
        hostdev->info = &def->info;
        /* The helper function expects type to already be found and
         * passed in as a string, since it is in a different place in
         * NetDef vs HostdevDef.
         */
        addrtype = virXPathString("string(./source/address/@type)", ctxt);
        /* if not explicitly stated, source/vendor implies usb device */
        if (!addrtype && virXPathNode("./source/vendor", ctxt))
            addrtype = g_strdup("usb");
        hostdev->mode = VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS;
        if (virDomainHostdevDefParseXMLSubsys(node, ctxt, addrtype,
                                              hostdev, flags, xmlopt) < 0) {
            goto error;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_ETHERNET:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_USER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    if (virDomainNetIPInfoParseXML(_("guest interface"),
                                   ctxt, &def->guestIP) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (managed_tap) {
        bool state = false;
        if (virStringParseYesNo(managed_tap, &state) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("invalid 'managed' value '%s'"),
                           managed_tap);
            goto error;
        }
        def->managed_tap = virTristateBoolFromBool(state);
    }

    if (def->managed_tap != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_NO && ifname &&
        (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE) &&
        (STRPREFIX(ifname, VIR_NET_GENERATED_TAP_PREFIX) ||
         (prefix && STRPREFIX(ifname, prefix)))) {
        /* An auto-generated target name, blank it out */
        VIR_FREE(ifname);
    }

    if (script != NULL)
        def->script = g_steal_pointer(&script);
    if (downscript != NULL)
        def->downscript = g_steal_pointer(&downscript);
    if (domain_name != NULL)
        def->domain_name = g_steal_pointer(&domain_name);
    if (ifname != NULL)
        def->ifname = g_steal_pointer(&ifname);
    if (ifname_guest != NULL)
        def->ifname_guest = g_steal_pointer(&ifname_guest);
    if (ifname_guest_actual != NULL)
        def->ifname_guest_actual = g_steal_pointer(&ifname_guest_actual);

    if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV &&
        virDomainNetIsVirtioModel(def)) {
        if (backend != NULL) {
            if ((val = virDomainNetBackendTypeFromString(backend)) < 0 ||
                val == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_BACKEND_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("Unknown interface <driver name='%s'> "
                                 "has been specified"),
                               backend);
                goto error;
            }
            def->driver.virtio.name = val;
        }
        if (txmode != NULL) {
            if ((val = virDomainNetVirtioTxModeTypeFromString(txmode)) < 0 ||
                val == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_VIRTIO_TX_MODE_DEFAULT) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("Unknown interface <driver txmode='%s'> "
                                 "has been specified"),
                               txmode);
                goto error;
            }
            def->driver.virtio.txmode = val;
        }
        if (ioeventfd) {
            if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(ioeventfd)) <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unknown interface ioeventfd mode '%s'"),
                               ioeventfd);
                goto error;
            }
            def->driver.virtio.ioeventfd = val;
        }
        if (event_idx) {
            if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(event_idx)) <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unknown interface event_idx mode '%s'"),
                               event_idx);
                goto error;
            }
            def->driver.virtio.event_idx = val;
        }
        if (queues) {
            unsigned int q;
            if (virStrToLong_uip(queues, NULL, 10, &q) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                               _("'queues' attribute must be positive number: %s"),
                               queues);
                goto error;
            }
            if (q > 1)
                def->driver.virtio.queues = q;
        }
        if (rx_queue_size) {
            unsigned int q;
            if (virStrToLong_uip(rx_queue_size, NULL, 10, &q) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                               _("'rx_queue_size' attribute must be positive number: %s"),
                               rx_queue_size);
                goto error;
            }
            def->driver.virtio.rx_queue_size = q;
        }
        if (tx_queue_size) {
            unsigned int q;
            if (virStrToLong_uip(tx_queue_size, NULL, 10, &q) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                               _("'tx_queue_size' attribute must be positive number: %s"),
                               tx_queue_size);
                goto error;
            }
            def->driver.virtio.tx_queue_size = q;
        }

        if ((tmpNode = virXPathNode("./driver/host", ctxt))) {
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "csum"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown host csum mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.host.csum = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "gso"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown host gso mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.host.gso = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "tso4"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown host tso4 mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.host.tso4 = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "tso6"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown host tso6 mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.host.tso6 = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "ecn"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown host ecn mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.host.ecn = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "ufo"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown host ufo mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.host.ufo = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "mrg_rxbuf"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown host mrg_rxbuf mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.host.mrg_rxbuf = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
        }

        if ((tmpNode = virXPathNode("./driver/guest", ctxt))) {
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "csum"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown guest csum mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.guest.csum = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "tso4"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown guest tso4 mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.guest.tso4 = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "tso6"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown guest tso6 mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.guest.tso6 = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "ecn"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown guest ecn mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.guest.ecn = val;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            if ((str = virXMLPropString(tmpNode, "ufo"))) {
                if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(str)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown guest ufo mode '%s'"),
                                   str);
                    goto error;
                }
                def->driver.virtio.guest.ufo = val;
            }
        }
        def->backend.vhost = g_steal_pointer(&vhost_path);
    }

    def->linkstate = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_INTERFACE_LINK_STATE_DEFAULT;
    if (linkstate != NULL) {
        if ((def->linkstate = virDomainNetInterfaceLinkStateTypeFromString(linkstate)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown interface link state '%s'"),
                           linkstate);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (filter != NULL) {
        switch (def->type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_ETHERNET:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE:
            def->filter = g_steal_pointer(&filter);
            def->filterparams = g_steal_pointer(&filterparams);
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_USER:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_VHOSTUSER:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_SERVER:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_CLIENT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_MCAST:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_INTERNAL:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP:
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_LAST:
        default:
            virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainNetType, def->type);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (teamingType) {
        int tmpTeaming;

        if ((tmpTeaming = virDomainNetTeamingTypeFromString(teamingType)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown teaming type '%s'"),
                           teamingType);
            goto error;
        }
        def->teaming.type = tmpTeaming;
    }
    def->teaming.persistent = g_steal_pointer(&teamingPersistent);

    rv = virXPathULong("string(./tune/sndbuf)", ctxt, &def->tune.sndbuf);
    if (rv >= 0) {
        def->tune.sndbuf_specified = true;
    } else if (rv == -2) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("sndbuf must be a positive integer"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virXPathUInt("string(./mtu/@size)", ctxt, &def->mtu) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("malformed mtu size"));
        goto error;
    }

    node = virXPathNode("./coalesce", ctxt);
    if (node) {
        def->coalesce = virDomainNetDefCoalesceParseXML(node, ctxt);
        if (!def->coalesce)
            goto error;
    }

    if (virNetworkPortOptionsParseXML(ctxt, &def->isolatedPort) < 0)
        goto error;

 cleanup:
    virDomainActualNetDefFree(actual);
    virHashFree(filterparams);
    return def;

 error:
    virDomainNetDefFree(def);
    def = NULL;
    goto cleanup;
}

static int
virDomainChrDefaultTargetType(int devtype)
{
    switch ((virDomainChrDeviceType) devtype) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CHANNEL:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("target type must be specified for %s device"),
                       virDomainChrDeviceTypeToString(devtype));
        return -1;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE:
        return VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_NONE;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL:
        return VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_NONE;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_PARALLEL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_LAST:
        /* No target type yet */
        break;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainChrTargetTypeFromString(int devtype,
                                 const char *targetType)
{
    int ret = -1;

    if (!targetType)
        return virDomainChrDefaultTargetType(devtype);

    switch ((virDomainChrDeviceType) devtype) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CHANNEL:
        ret = virDomainChrChannelTargetTypeFromString(targetType);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE:
        ret = virDomainChrConsoleTargetTypeFromString(targetType);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL:
        ret = virDomainChrSerialTargetTypeFromString(targetType);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_PARALLEL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_LAST:
        /* No target type yet */
        ret = 0;
        break;
    }

    return ret;
}

static int
virDomainChrTargetModelFromString(int devtype,
                                  const char *targetModel)
{
    int ret = -1;

    if (!targetModel)
        return 0;

    switch ((virDomainChrDeviceType) devtype) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL:
        ret = virDomainChrSerialTargetModelTypeFromString(targetModel);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CHANNEL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_PARALLEL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_LAST:
        /* Target model not supported yet */
        ret = 0;
        break;
    }

    return ret;
}

static int
virDomainChrDefParseTargetXML(virDomainChrDefPtr def,
                              xmlNodePtr cur,
                              unsigned int flags)
{
    xmlNodePtr child;
    unsigned int port;
    g_autofree char *targetType = virXMLPropString(cur, "type");
    g_autofree char *targetModel = NULL;
    g_autofree char *addrStr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *portStr = NULL;
    g_autofree char *stateStr = NULL;

    if ((def->targetType =
         virDomainChrTargetTypeFromString(def->deviceType,
                                          targetType)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown target type '%s' specified for character device"),
                       targetType);
        return -1;
    }

    child = cur->children;
    while (child != NULL) {
        if (child->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE &&
            virXMLNodeNameEqual(child, "model")) {
            targetModel = virXMLPropString(child, "name");
        }
        child = child->next;
    }

    if ((def->targetModel =
         virDomainChrTargetModelFromString(def->deviceType,
                                           targetModel)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown target model '%s' specified for character device"),
                       targetModel);
        return -1;
    }

    switch (def->deviceType) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CHANNEL:
        switch (def->targetType) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_GUESTFWD:
            addrStr = virXMLPropString(cur, "address");
            portStr = virXMLPropString(cur, "port");

            if (VIR_ALLOC(def->target.addr) < 0)
                return -1;

            if (addrStr == NULL) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("guestfwd channel does not "
                                 "define a target address"));
                return -1;
            }

            if (virSocketAddrParse(def->target.addr, addrStr, AF_UNSPEC) < 0)
                return -1;

            if (def->target.addr->data.stor.ss_family != AF_INET) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               "%s", _("guestfwd channel only supports "
                                       "IPv4 addresses"));
                return -1;
            }

            if (portStr == NULL) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("guestfwd channel does "
                                 "not define a target port"));
                return -1;
            }

            if (virStrToLong_ui(portStr, NULL, 10, &port) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid port number: %s"),
                               portStr);
                return -1;
            }

            virSocketAddrSetPort(def->target.addr, port);
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_XEN:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO:
            def->target.name = virXMLPropString(cur, "name");

            if (def->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO &&
                !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE) &&
                (stateStr = virXMLPropString(cur, "state"))) {
                int tmp;

                if ((tmp = virDomainChrDeviceStateTypeFromString(stateStr)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                                   _("invalid channel state value '%s'"),
                                   stateStr);
                    return -1;
                }

                def->state = tmp;
            }
            break;
        }
        break;

    default:
        portStr = virXMLPropString(cur, "port");
        if (portStr == NULL) {
            /* Set to negative value to indicate we should set it later */
            def->target.port = -1;
            break;
        }

        if (virStrToLong_ui(portStr, NULL, 10, &port) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Invalid port number: %s"),
                           portStr);
            return -1;
        }
        def->target.port = port;
        break;
    }

    return 0;
}

typedef enum {
    VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SOURCE_MODE_CONNECT,
    VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SOURCE_MODE_BIND,
} virDomainChrSourceModeType;


/**
 * virDomainChrSourceDefParseMode:
 * @source: XML dom node
 *
 * Returns: -1 in case of error,
 *          virDomainChrSourceModeType in case of success
 */
static int
virDomainChrSourceDefParseMode(xmlNodePtr source)
{
    g_autofree char *mode = virXMLPropString(source, "mode");

    if (!mode || STREQ(mode, "connect")) {
        return VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SOURCE_MODE_CONNECT;
    } else if (STREQ(mode, "bind")) {
        return VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SOURCE_MODE_BIND;
    }

    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                   _("Unknown source mode '%s'"), mode);
    return -1;
}


static int
virDomainChrSourceDefParseTCP(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def,
                              xmlNodePtr source,
                              xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                              unsigned int flags)
{
    int mode;
    int tmpVal;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    if ((mode = virDomainChrSourceDefParseMode(source)) < 0)
        return -1;

    def->data.tcp.listen = mode == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SOURCE_MODE_BIND;
    def->data.tcp.host = virXMLPropString(source, "host");
    def->data.tcp.service = virXMLPropString(source, "service");

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(source, "tls"))) {
        if ((def->data.tcp.haveTLS = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("unknown chardev 'tls' setting '%s'"),
                           tmp);
            return -1;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_STATUS) &&
        (tmp = virXMLPropString(source, "tlsFromConfig"))) {
        if (virStrToLong_i(tmp, NULL, 10, &tmpVal) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Invalid tlsFromConfig value: %s"),
                           tmp);
            return -1;
        }
        def->data.tcp.tlsFromConfig = !!tmpVal;
    }

    if (virDomainChrSourceReconnectDefParseXML(&def->data.tcp.reconnect,
                                               source,
                                               ctxt) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainChrSourceDefParseUDP(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def,
                              xmlNodePtr source)
{
    int mode;

    if ((mode = virDomainChrSourceDefParseMode(source)) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (mode == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SOURCE_MODE_CONNECT &&
        !def->data.udp.connectHost && !def->data.udp.connectService) {
        def->data.udp.connectHost = virXMLPropString(source, "host");
        def->data.udp.connectService = virXMLPropString(source, "service");
    } else if (mode == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SOURCE_MODE_BIND &&
               !def->data.udp.bindHost && !def->data.udp.bindService) {
        def->data.udp.bindHost = virXMLPropString(source, "host");
        def->data.udp.bindService = virXMLPropString(source, "service");
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainChrSourceDefParseUnix(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def,
                               xmlNodePtr source,
                               xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    int mode;

    if ((mode = virDomainChrSourceDefParseMode(source)) < 0)
        return -1;

    def->data.nix.listen = mode == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SOURCE_MODE_BIND;
    def->data.nix.path = virXMLPropString(source, "path");

    if (virDomainChrSourceReconnectDefParseXML(&def->data.nix.reconnect,
                                               source,
                                               ctxt) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainChrSourceDefParseFile(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def,
                               xmlNodePtr source)
{
    g_autofree char *append = NULL;

    def->data.file.path = virXMLPropString(source, "path");

    if ((append = virXMLPropString(source, "append")) &&
        (def->data.file.append = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(append)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid append attribute value '%s'"),
                       append);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainChrSourceDefParseProtocol(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def,
                                   xmlNodePtr protocol)
{
    g_autofree char *prot = NULL;

    if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_TCP)
        return 0;

    if ((prot = virXMLPropString(protocol, "type")) &&
        (def->data.tcp.protocol =
         virDomainChrTcpProtocolTypeFromString(prot)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Unknown protocol '%s'"), prot);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainChrSourceDefParseLog(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def,
                              xmlNodePtr log)
{
    g_autofree char *append = NULL;

    def->logfile = virXMLPropString(log, "file");

    if ((append = virXMLPropString(log, "append")) &&
        (def->logappend = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(append)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid append attribute value '%s'"),
                       append);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


/* Parse the source half of the XML definition for a character device,
 * where node is the first element of node->children of the parent
 * element.  def->type must already be valid.
 *
 * Return -1 on failure, 0 on success. */
static int
virDomainChrSourceDefParseXML(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def,
                              xmlNodePtr cur, unsigned int flags,
                              virDomainChrDefPtr chr_def,
                              xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    bool logParsed = false;
    bool protocolParsed = false;
    int sourceParsed = 0;

    for (; cur; cur = cur->next) {
        if (cur->type != XML_ELEMENT_NODE)
            continue;

        if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "source")) {
            /* Parse only the first source element since only one is used
             * for chardev devices, the only exception is UDP type, where
             * user can specify two source elements. */
            if (sourceParsed >= 1 && def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UDP) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("only one source element is allowed for "
                                 "character device"));
                goto error;
            } else if (sourceParsed >= 2) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("only two source elements are allowed for "
                                 "character device"));
                goto error;
            }
            sourceParsed++;

            switch ((virDomainChrType) def->type) {
            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_FILE:
                if (virDomainChrSourceDefParseFile(def, cur) < 0)
                    goto error;
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PTY:
                /* PTY path is only parsed from live xml.  */
                if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE))
                    def->data.file.path = virXMLPropString(cur, "path");
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_DEV:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PIPE:
                def->data.file.path = virXMLPropString(cur, "path");
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UNIX:
                if (virDomainChrSourceDefParseUnix(def, cur, ctxt) < 0)
                    goto error;
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UDP:
                if (virDomainChrSourceDefParseUDP(def, cur) < 0)
                    goto error;
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_TCP:
                if (virDomainChrSourceDefParseTCP(def, cur, ctxt, flags) < 0)
                    goto error;
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEPORT:
                def->data.spiceport.channel = virXMLPropString(cur, "channel");
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NMDM:
                def->data.nmdm.master = virXMLPropString(cur, "master");
                def->data.nmdm.slave = virXMLPropString(cur, "slave");
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_LAST:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NULL:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_VC:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_STDIO:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEVMC:
                break;
            }

            /* Check for an optional seclabel override in <source/>. */
            if (chr_def) {
                VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
                ctxt->node = cur;
                if (virSecurityDeviceLabelDefParseXML(&def->seclabels,
                                                      &def->nseclabels,
                                                      ctxt,
                                                      flags) < 0) {
                    goto error;
                }
            }
        } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "log")) {
            if (logParsed) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("only one protocol element is allowed for "
                                 "character device"));
                goto error;
            }
            logParsed = true;
            if (virDomainChrSourceDefParseLog(def, cur) < 0)
                goto error;
        } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "protocol")) {
            if (protocolParsed) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("only one log element is allowed for "
                                 "character device"));
                goto error;
            }
            protocolParsed = true;
            if (virDomainChrSourceDefParseProtocol(def, cur) < 0)
                goto error;
        }
    }

    return 0;

 error:
    virDomainChrSourceDefClear(def);
    return -1;
}


static virClassPtr virDomainChrSourceDefClass;

static int
virDomainChrSourceDefOnceInit(void)
{
    if (!VIR_CLASS_NEW(virDomainChrSourceDef, virClassForObject()))
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

VIR_ONCE_GLOBAL_INIT(virDomainChrSourceDef);

virDomainChrSourceDefPtr
virDomainChrSourceDefNew(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def = NULL;

    if (virDomainChrSourceDefInitialize() < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (!(def = virObjectNew(virDomainChrSourceDefClass)))
        return NULL;

    if (xmlopt && xmlopt->privateData.chrSourceNew &&
        !(def->privateData = xmlopt->privateData.chrSourceNew())) {
        virObjectUnref(def);
        def = NULL;
    }

    return def;
}


/* Create a new character device definition and set
 * default port.
 */
virDomainChrDefPtr
virDomainChrDefNew(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainChrDefPtr def = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    def->target.port = -1;

    if (!(def->source = virDomainChrSourceDefNew(xmlopt)))
        VIR_FREE(def);

    return def;
}

/* Parse the XML definition for a character device
 *
 * The XML we're dealing with looks like
 *
 * <serial type="pty">
 *   <source path="/dev/pts/3"/>
 *   <target port="1"/>
 * </serial>
 *
 * <serial type="dev">
 *   <source path="/dev/ttyS0"/>
 *   <target port="1"/>
 * </serial>
 *
 * <serial type="tcp">
 *   <source mode="connect" host="0.0.0.0" service="2445"/>
 *   <target port="1"/>
 * </serial>
 *
 * <serial type="tcp">
 *   <source mode="bind" host="0.0.0.0" service="2445"/>
 *   <target port="1"/>
 *   <protocol type='raw'/>
 * </serial>
 *
 * <serial type="udp">
 *   <source mode="bind" host="0.0.0.0" service="2445"/>
 *   <source mode="connect" host="0.0.0.0" service="2445"/>
 *   <target port="1"/>
 * </serial>
 *
 * <serial type="unix">
 *   <source mode="bind" path="/tmp/foo"/>
 *   <target port="1"/>
 * </serial>
 *
 * <serial type="nmdm">
 *   <source master="/dev/nmdm0A" slave="/dev/nmdm0B"/>
 *   <target port="1">
 * </serial>
 *
 */
static virDomainChrDefPtr
virDomainChrDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                        xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                        xmlNodePtr node,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    const char *nodeName;
    virDomainChrDefPtr def;
    bool seenTarget = false;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;

    if (!(def = virDomainChrDefNew(xmlopt)))
        return NULL;

    type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    if (type == NULL) {
        def->source->type = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PTY;
    } else if ((def->source->type = virDomainChrTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown type presented to host for character device: %s"),
                       type);
        goto error;
    }

    nodeName = (const char *) node->name;
    if ((def->deviceType = virDomainChrDeviceTypeFromString(nodeName)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown character device type: %s"),
                       nodeName);
        goto error;
    }

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "target")) {
                seenTarget = true;
                if (virDomainChrDefParseTargetXML(def, cur, flags) < 0)
                    goto error;
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    if (!seenTarget &&
        ((def->targetType = virDomainChrDefaultTargetType(def->deviceType)) < 0))
        goto error;

    if (virDomainChrSourceDefParseXML(def->source, node->children, flags, def,
                                      ctxt) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (def->source->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEVMC) {
        if (def->targetType != VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("spicevmc device type only supports "
                             "virtio"));
            goto error;
        } else {
            def->source->data.spicevmc = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SPICEVMC_VDAGENT;
        }
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (def->deviceType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL &&
        def->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_USB &&
        def->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
        def->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_USB) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("usb-serial requires address of usb type"));
        goto error;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainChrDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

static virDomainSmartcardDefPtr
virDomainSmartcardDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                              xmlNodePtr node,
                              xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                              unsigned int flags)
{
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    virDomainSmartcardDefPtr def;
    size_t i;
    g_autofree char *mode = NULL;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    mode = virXMLPropString(node, "mode");
    if (mode == NULL) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing smartcard device mode"));
        goto error;
    }
    if ((def->type = virDomainSmartcardTypeFromString(mode)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown smartcard device mode: %s"),
                       mode);
        goto error;
    }

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_HOST:
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_HOST_CERTIFICATES:
        i = 0;
        cur = node->children;
        while (cur) {
            if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE &&
                virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "certificate")) {
                if (i == 3) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("host-certificates mode needs "
                                     "exactly three certificates"));
                    goto error;
                }
                def->data.cert.file[i] = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(cur);
                if (!def->data.cert.file[i]) {
                    virReportOOMError();
                    goto error;
                }
                i++;
            } else if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE &&
                       virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "database") &&
                       !def->data.cert.database) {
                def->data.cert.database = (char *)xmlNodeGetContent(cur);
                if (!def->data.cert.database) {
                    virReportOOMError();
                    goto error;
                }
                if (*def->data.cert.database != '/') {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                                   _("expecting absolute path: %s"),
                                   def->data.cert.database);
                    goto error;
                }
            }
            cur = cur->next;
        }
        if (i < 3) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("host-certificates mode needs "
                             "exactly three certificates"));
            goto error;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH:
        type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
        if (type == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("passthrough mode requires a character "
                             "device type attribute"));
            goto error;
        }

        if (!(def->data.passthru = virDomainChrSourceDefNew(xmlopt)))
            goto error;

        if ((def->data.passthru->type = virDomainChrTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown type presented to host for "
                             "character device: %s"), type);
            goto error;
        }

        cur = node->children;
        if (virDomainChrSourceDefParseXML(def->data.passthru, cur, flags,
                                          NULL, ctxt) < 0)
            goto error;

        if (def->data.passthru->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEVMC) {
            def->data.passthru->data.spicevmc
                = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SPICEVMC_SMARTCARD;
        }

        break;

    default:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("unknown smartcard mode"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (def->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
        def->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCID) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Controllers must use the 'ccid' address type"));
        goto error;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainSmartcardDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

/* Parse the XML definition for a TPM device
 *
 * The XML looks like this:
 *
 * <tpm model='tpm-tis'>
 *   <backend type='passthrough'>
 *     <device path='/dev/tpm0'/>
 *   </backend>
 * </tpm>
 *
 * or like this:
 *
 * <tpm model='tpm-tis'>
 *   <backend type='emulator' version='2.0'/>
 * </tpm>
 *
 * Emulator state encryption is supported with the following:
 *
 * <tpm model='tpm-tis'>
 *   <backend type='emulator' version='2.0'>
 *     <encryption secret='32ee7e76-2178-47a1-ab7b-269e6e348015'/>
 *   </backend>
 * </tpm>
 */
static virDomainTPMDefPtr
virDomainTPMDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                        xmlNodePtr node,
                        xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainTPMDefPtr def;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    int nbackends;
    g_autofree char *path = NULL;
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;
    g_autofree char *backend = NULL;
    g_autofree char *version = NULL;
    g_autofree char *secretuuid = NULL;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *backends = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    model = virXMLPropString(node, "model");
    if (model != NULL &&
        (def->model = virDomainTPMModelTypeFromString(model)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Unknown TPM frontend model '%s'"), model);
        goto error;
    }

    ctxt->node = node;

    if ((nbackends = virXPathNodeSet("./backend", ctxt, &backends)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (nbackends > 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("only one TPM backend is supported"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (nbackends == 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing TPM device backend"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (!(backend = virXMLPropString(backends[0], "type"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing TPM device backend type"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((def->type = virDomainTPMBackendTypeFromString(backend)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Unknown TPM backend type '%s'"),
                       backend);
        goto error;
    }

    version = virXMLPropString(backends[0], "version");
    if (!version) {
        def->version = VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_VERSION_DEFAULT;
    } else {
        if ((def->version = virDomainTPMVersionTypeFromString(version)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Unsupported TPM version '%s'"),
                           version);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH:
        path = virXPathString("string(./backend/device/@path)", ctxt);
        if (!path)
            path = g_strdup(VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_DEFAULT_DEVICE);
        def->data.passthrough.source.data.file.path = g_steal_pointer(&path);
        def->data.passthrough.source.type = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_DEV;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_TYPE_EMULATOR:
        secretuuid = virXPathString("string(./backend/encryption/@secret)", ctxt);
        if (secretuuid) {
            if (virUUIDParse(secretuuid, def->data.emulator.secretuuid) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("Unable to parse secret uuid '%s'"), secretuuid);
                goto error;
            }
            def->data.emulator.hassecretuuid = true;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_TYPE_LAST:
        goto error;
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainTPMDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

static virDomainPanicDefPtr
virDomainPanicDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                          xmlNodePtr node,
                          unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainPanicDefPtr panic;
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(panic) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                    &panic->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    model = virXMLPropString(node, "model");
    if (model != NULL &&
        (panic->model = virDomainPanicModelTypeFromString(model)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown panic model '%s'"), model);
        goto error;
    }

    return panic;

 error:
    virDomainPanicDefFree(panic);
    return NULL;
}

/* Parse the XML definition for an input device */
static virDomainInputDefPtr
virDomainInputDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                          const virDomainDef *dom,
                          xmlNodePtr node,
                          xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                          unsigned int flags)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virDomainInputDefPtr def;
    g_autofree char *evdev = NULL;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;
    g_autofree char *bus = NULL;
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    bus = virXMLPropString(node, "bus");
    model = virXMLPropString(node, "model");

    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing input device type"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((def->type = virDomainInputTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown input device type '%s'"), type);
        goto error;
    }

    if (model &&
        ((def->model = virDomainInputModelTypeFromString(model)) < 0 ||
         def->model == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_MODEL_DEFAULT)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown input model '%s'"), model);
        goto error;
    }

    if (bus) {
        if ((def->bus = virDomainInputBusTypeFromString(bus)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown input bus type '%s'"), bus);
            goto error;
        }

        if (dom->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_HVM) {
            if (def->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_PS2 &&
                def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_MOUSE &&
                def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_KBD) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("ps2 bus does not support %s input device"),
                               type);
                goto error;
            }
            if (def->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_XEN) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("unsupported input bus %s"),
                               bus);
                goto error;
            }
        } else if (dom->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_XEN ||
                   dom->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_XENPVH) {
            if (def->bus != VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_XEN) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("unsupported input bus %s"),
                               bus);
                goto error;
            }
            if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_MOUSE &&
                def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_KBD) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("xen bus does not support %s input device"),
                               type);
                goto error;
            }
        } else {
            if (dom->virtType == VIR_DOMAIN_VIRT_VZ ||
                dom->virtType == VIR_DOMAIN_VIRT_PARALLELS) {
                if (def->bus != VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_PARALLELS) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                   _("parallels containers don't support "
                                     "input bus %s"),
                                   bus);
                    goto error;
                }

                if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_MOUSE &&
                    def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_KBD) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                                   _("parallels bus does not support "
                                     "%s input device"),
                                   type);
                    goto error;
                }
            } else {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("Input devices are not supported by this "
                                 "virtualization driver."));
                goto error;
            }
        }
    } else {
        if (dom->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_HVM) {
            if ((def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_MOUSE ||
                def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_KBD) &&
                (ARCH_IS_X86(dom->os.arch) || dom->os.arch == VIR_ARCH_NONE)) {
                def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_PS2;
            } else if (ARCH_IS_S390(dom->os.arch) ||
                       def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH) {
                def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_VIRTIO;
            } else {
                def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_USB;
            }
        } else if (dom->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_XEN ||
                   dom->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_XENPVH) {
            def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_XEN;
        } else {
            if ((dom->virtType == VIR_DOMAIN_VIRT_VZ ||
                 dom->virtType == VIR_DOMAIN_VIRT_PARALLELS))
                def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_PARALLELS;
        }
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (def->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_USB &&
        def->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
        def->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_USB) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Invalid address for a USB device"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((evdev = virXPathString("string(./source/@evdev)", ctxt)))
        def->source.evdev = virFileSanitizePath(evdev);
    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH && !def->source.evdev) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing evdev path for input device passthrough"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virDomainVirtioOptionsParseXML(virXPathNode("./driver", ctxt),
                                       &def->virtio) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainInputDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}


/* Parse the XML definition for a hub device */
static virDomainHubDefPtr
virDomainHubDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                        xmlNodePtr node,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainHubDefPtr def;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");

    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing hub device type"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((def->type = virDomainHubTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown hub device type '%s'"), type);
        goto error;
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainHubDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}


/* Parse the XML definition for a clock timer */
static virDomainTimerDefPtr
virDomainTimerDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                          xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    virDomainTimerDefPtr def;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    xmlNodePtr catchup;
    int ret;
    g_autofree char *name = NULL;
    g_autofree char *present = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tickpolicy = NULL;
    g_autofree char *track = NULL;
    g_autofree char *mode = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    name = virXMLPropString(node, "name");
    if (name == NULL) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing timer name"));
        goto error;
    }
    if ((def->name = virDomainTimerNameTypeFromString(name)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown timer name '%s'"), name);
        goto error;
    }

    def->present = -1; /* unspecified */
    if ((present = virXMLPropString(node, "present")) != NULL) {
        bool state = false;
        if (virStringParseYesNo(present, &state) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unknown timer present value '%s'"), present);
            goto error;
        }
        def->present = state ? 1 : 0;
    }

    def->tickpolicy = -1;
    tickpolicy = virXMLPropString(node, "tickpolicy");
    if (tickpolicy != NULL) {
        if ((def->tickpolicy = virDomainTimerTickpolicyTypeFromString(tickpolicy)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown timer tickpolicy '%s'"), tickpolicy);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    def->track = -1;
    track = virXMLPropString(node, "track");
    if (track != NULL) {
        if ((def->track = virDomainTimerTrackTypeFromString(track)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown timer track '%s'"), track);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    ret = virXPathULong("string(./@frequency)", ctxt, &def->frequency);
    if (ret == -1) {
        def->frequency = 0;
    } else if (ret < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("invalid timer frequency"));
        goto error;
    }

    def->mode = -1;
    mode = virXMLPropString(node, "mode");
    if (mode != NULL) {
        if ((def->mode = virDomainTimerModeTypeFromString(mode)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown timer mode '%s'"), mode);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    catchup = virXPathNode("./catchup", ctxt);
    if (catchup != NULL) {
        ret = virXPathULong("string(./catchup/@threshold)", ctxt,
                            &def->catchup.threshold);
        if (ret == -1) {
            def->catchup.threshold = 0;
        } else if (ret < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           "%s", _("invalid catchup threshold"));
            goto error;
        }

        ret = virXPathULong("string(./catchup/@slew)", ctxt, &def->catchup.slew);
        if (ret == -1) {
            def->catchup.slew = 0;
        } else if (ret < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           "%s", _("invalid catchup slew"));
            goto error;
        }

        ret = virXPathULong("string(./catchup/@limit)", ctxt, &def->catchup.limit);
        if (ret == -1) {
            def->catchup.limit = 0;
        } else if (ret < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           "%s", _("invalid catchup limit"));
            goto error;
        }
    }

    return def;

 error:
    VIR_FREE(def);
    return def;
}


static int
virDomainGraphicsAuthDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                 virDomainGraphicsAuthDefPtr def,
                                 int type)
{
    g_autofree char *validTo = NULL;
    g_autofree char *connected = virXMLPropString(node, "connected");

    def->passwd = virXMLPropString(node, "passwd");

    if (!def->passwd)
        return 0;

    validTo = virXMLPropString(node, "passwdValidTo");
    if (validTo) {
        g_autoptr(GDateTime) then = NULL;
        g_autoptr(GTimeZone) tz = g_time_zone_new_utc();
        char *tmp;
        int year, mon, mday, hour, min, sec;

        /* Expect: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS (%d-%d-%dT%d:%d:%d)  eg 2010-11-28T14:29:01 */
        if (/* year */
            virStrToLong_i(validTo, &tmp, 10, &year) < 0 || *tmp != '-' ||
            /* month */
            virStrToLong_i(tmp+1, &tmp, 10, &mon) < 0 || *tmp != '-' ||
            /* day */
            virStrToLong_i(tmp+1, &tmp, 10, &mday) < 0 || *tmp != 'T' ||
            /* hour */
            virStrToLong_i(tmp+1, &tmp, 10, &hour) < 0 || *tmp != ':' ||
            /* minute */
            virStrToLong_i(tmp+1, &tmp, 10, &min) < 0 || *tmp != ':' ||
            /* second */
            virStrToLong_i(tmp+1, &tmp, 10, &sec) < 0 || *tmp != '\0') {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse password validity time '%s', expect YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS"),
                           validTo);
            VIR_FREE(def->passwd);
            return -1;
        }

        then = g_date_time_new(tz, year, mon, mday, hour, min, sec);
        def->validTo = (time_t)g_date_time_to_unix(then);
        def->expires = true;
    }

    if (connected) {
        int action = virDomainGraphicsAuthConnectedTypeFromString(connected);
        if (action <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown connected value %s"),
                           connected);
            return -1;
        }

        /* VNC supports connected='keep' only */
        if (type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_VNC &&
            action != VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_AUTH_CONNECTED_KEEP) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("VNC supports connected='keep' only"));
            return -1;
        }

        def->connected = action;
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainGraphicsListenDefParseXML:
 * @def: listen def pointer to be filled
 * @graphics: graphics def pointer
 * @node: xml node of <listen/> element
 * @parent: xml node of <graphics/> element
 * @flags: bit-wise or of VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_*
 *
 * Parses current <listen/> element from @node to @def.  For backward
 * compatibility the @parent element should contain node of <graphics/> element
 * for the first <listen/> element in order to validate attributes from both
 * elements.
 */
static int
virDomainGraphicsListenDefParseXML(virDomainGraphicsListenDefPtr def,
                                   virDomainGraphicsDefPtr graphics,
                                   xmlNodePtr node,
                                   xmlNodePtr parent,
                                   unsigned int flags)
{
    int ret = -1;
    const char *graphicsType = virDomainGraphicsTypeToString(graphics->type);
    int tmp, typeVal;
    g_autofree char *type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    g_autofree char *address = virXMLPropString(node, "address");
    g_autofree char *network = virXMLPropString(node, "network");
    g_autofree char *socketPath = virXMLPropString(node, "socket");
    g_autofree char *fromConfig = virXMLPropString(node, "fromConfig");
    g_autofree char *autoGenerated = virXMLPropString(node, "autoGenerated");
    g_autofree char *addressCompat = NULL;
    g_autofree char *socketCompat = NULL;

    if (parent) {
        addressCompat = virXMLPropString(parent, "listen");
        socketCompat = virXMLPropString(parent, "socket");
    }

    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("graphics listen type must be specified"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((typeVal = virDomainGraphicsListenTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown graphics listen type '%s'"), type);
        goto error;
    }
    def->type = typeVal;

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_SOCKET:
        if (graphics->type != VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_VNC &&
            graphics->type != VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("listen type 'socket' is not available for "
                             "graphics type '%s'"), graphicsType);
            goto error;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NONE:
        if (graphics->type != VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE &&
            graphics->type != VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_VNC) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("listen type 'none' is not available for "
                             "graphics type '%s'"), graphicsType);
            goto error;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_ADDRESS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NETWORK:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_ADDRESS) {
        if (address && addressCompat && STRNEQ(address, addressCompat)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("graphics 'listen' attribute '%s' must match "
                             "'address' attribute of first listen element "
                             "(found '%s')"), addressCompat, address);
            goto error;
        }

        if (!address)
            address = g_steal_pointer(&addressCompat);
    }

    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_SOCKET) {
        if (socketPath && socketCompat && STRNEQ(socketPath, socketCompat)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("graphics 'socket' attribute '%s' must match "
                             "'socket' attribute of first listen element "
                             "(found '%s')"), socketCompat, socketPath);
            goto error;
        }

        if (!socketPath)
            socketPath = g_steal_pointer(&socketCompat);
    }

    if (address && address[0] &&
        (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_ADDRESS ||
         (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NETWORK &&
          !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE)))) {
        def->address = g_steal_pointer(&address);
    }

    if (network && network[0]) {
        if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NETWORK) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("'network' attribute is valid only for listen "
                             "type 'network'"));
            goto error;
        }
        def->network = g_steal_pointer(&network);
    }

    if (socketPath && socketPath[0]) {
        if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_SOCKET) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("'socket' attribute is valid only for listen "
                             "type 'socket'"));
            goto error;
        }
        def->socket = g_steal_pointer(&socketPath);
    }

    if (fromConfig &&
        flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_STATUS) {
        if (virStrToLong_i(fromConfig, NULL, 10, &tmp) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Invalid fromConfig value: %s"),
                           fromConfig);
            goto error;
        }
        def->fromConfig = tmp != 0;
    }

    if (autoGenerated &&
        flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_STATUS) {
        if (virStringParseYesNo(autoGenerated, &def->autoGenerated) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Invalid autoGenerated value: %s"),
                           autoGenerated);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    ret = 0;
 error:
    if (ret < 0)
        virDomainGraphicsListenDefClear(def);
    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainGraphicsListensParseXML(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def,
                                 xmlNodePtr node,
                                 xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                 unsigned int flags)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virDomainGraphicsListenDef newListen = {0};
    int nListens;
    int ret = -1;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *listenNodes = NULL;
    g_autofree char *socketPath = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    /* parse the <listen> subelements for graphics types that support it */
    nListens = virXPathNodeSet("./listen", ctxt, &listenNodes);
    if (nListens < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if (nListens > 0) {
        size_t i;

        if (VIR_ALLOC_N(def->listens, nListens) < 0)
            goto cleanup;

        for (i = 0; i < nListens; i++) {
            if (virDomainGraphicsListenDefParseXML(&def->listens[i], def,
                                                   listenNodes[i],
                                                   i == 0 ? node : NULL,
                                                   flags) < 0)
                goto cleanup;

            def->nListens++;
        }
    }

    /* If no <listen/> element was found in XML for backward compatibility
     * we should try to parse 'listen' or 'socket' attribute from <graphics/>
     * element. */
    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_VNC)
        socketPath = virXMLPropString(node, "socket");

    if (socketPath) {
        newListen.type = VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_SOCKET;
        newListen.socket = g_steal_pointer(&socketPath);
    } else {
        newListen.type = VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_ADDRESS;
        newListen.address = virXMLPropString(node, "listen");
        if (STREQ_NULLABLE(newListen.address, ""))
            VIR_FREE(newListen.address);
    }

    /* If no <listen/> element was found add a new one created by parsing
     * <graphics/> element. */
    if (def->nListens == 0) {
        if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->listens, def->nListens, newListen) < 0)
            goto cleanup;
    } else {
        virDomainGraphicsListenDefPtr glisten = &def->listens[0];

        /* If the first <listen/> element is 'address' or 'network' and we found
         * 'socket' attribute inside <graphics/> element for backward
         * compatibility we need to replace the first listen by
         * <listen type='socket' .../> element based on the 'socket' attribute. */
        if ((glisten->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_ADDRESS ||
             glisten->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NETWORK) &&
            newListen.type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_SOCKET) {
            virDomainGraphicsListenDefClear(glisten);
            *glisten = newListen;
            memset(&newListen, 0, sizeof(newListen));
        }
    }

    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virDomainGraphicsListenDefClear(&newListen);
    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLVNC(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def,
                                xmlNodePtr node,
                                xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                unsigned int flags)
{
    g_autofree char *port = virXMLPropString(node, "port");
    g_autofree char *websocket = virXMLPropString(node, "websocket");
    g_autofree char *websocketGenerated = virXMLPropString(node, "websocketGenerated");
    g_autofree char *sharePolicy = virXMLPropString(node, "sharePolicy");
    g_autofree char *autoport = virXMLPropString(node, "autoport");

    if (virDomainGraphicsListensParseXML(def, node, ctxt, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (port) {
        if (virStrToLong_i(port, NULL, 10, &def->data.vnc.port) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse vnc port %s"), port);
            return -1;
        }
        /* Legacy compat syntax, used -1 for auto-port */
        if (def->data.vnc.port == -1) {
            if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE)
                def->data.vnc.port = 0;
            def->data.vnc.autoport = true;
        }
    } else {
        def->data.vnc.port = 0;
        def->data.vnc.autoport = true;
    }

    if (autoport) {
        ignore_value(virStringParseYesNo(autoport, &def->data.vnc.autoport));

        if (def->data.vnc.autoport && flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE)
            def->data.vnc.port = 0;
    }

    if (websocket) {
        if (virStrToLong_i(websocket,
                           NULL, 10,
                           &def->data.vnc.websocket) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse vnc WebSocket port %s"), websocket);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    if (websocketGenerated)
        ignore_value(virStringParseYesNo(websocketGenerated,
                     &def->data.vnc.websocketGenerated));

    if (sharePolicy) {
        int policy =
           virDomainGraphicsVNCSharePolicyTypeFromString(sharePolicy);

        if (policy < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown vnc display sharing policy '%s'"),
                           sharePolicy);
            return -1;
        } else {
            def->data.vnc.sharePolicy = policy;
        }
    }

    def->data.vnc.keymap = virXMLPropString(node, "keymap");

    if (virDomainGraphicsAuthDefParseXML(node, &def->data.vnc.auth,
                                         def->type) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLSDL(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def,
                                xmlNodePtr node,
                                xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    int enableVal;
    xmlNodePtr glNode;
    g_autofree char *fullscreen = virXMLPropString(node, "fullscreen");
    g_autofree char *enable = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (fullscreen != NULL) {
        if (virStringParseYesNo(fullscreen, &def->data.sdl.fullscreen) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unknown fullscreen value '%s'"), fullscreen);
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        def->data.sdl.fullscreen = false;
    }

    def->data.sdl.xauth = virXMLPropString(node, "xauth");
    def->data.sdl.display = virXMLPropString(node, "display");

    glNode = virXPathNode("./gl", ctxt);
    if (glNode) {
        enable = virXMLPropString(glNode, "enable");
        if (!enable) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("sdl gl element missing enable"));
            return -1;
        }

        enableVal = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(enable);
        if (enableVal < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown enable value '%s'"), enable);
            return -1;
        }
        def->data.sdl.gl = enableVal;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLRDP(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def,
                                xmlNodePtr node,
                                xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                unsigned int flags)
{
    g_autofree char *port = virXMLPropString(node, "port");
    g_autofree char *autoport = virXMLPropString(node, "autoport");
    g_autofree char *replaceUser = virXMLPropString(node, "replaceUser");
    g_autofree char *multiUser = virXMLPropString(node, "multiUser");

    if (virDomainGraphicsListensParseXML(def, node, ctxt, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (port) {
        if (virStrToLong_i(port, NULL, 10, &def->data.rdp.port) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse rdp port %s"), port);
            return -1;
        }
        /* Legacy compat syntax, used -1 for auto-port */
        if (def->data.rdp.port == -1)
            def->data.rdp.autoport = true;

    } else {
        def->data.rdp.port = 0;
        def->data.rdp.autoport = true;
    }

    if (STREQ_NULLABLE(autoport, "yes"))
        def->data.rdp.autoport = true;

    if (def->data.rdp.autoport && (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE))
        def->data.rdp.port = 0;

    if (STREQ_NULLABLE(replaceUser, "yes"))
        def->data.rdp.replaceUser = true;

    if (STREQ_NULLABLE(multiUser, "yes"))
        def->data.rdp.multiUser = true;

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLDesktop(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def,
                                    xmlNodePtr node)
{
    g_autofree char *fullscreen = virXMLPropString(node, "fullscreen");

    if (fullscreen != NULL) {
        if (virStringParseYesNo(fullscreen, &def->data.desktop.fullscreen) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unknown fullscreen value '%s'"), fullscreen);
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        def->data.desktop.fullscreen = false;
    }

    def->data.desktop.display = virXMLPropString(node, "display");

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLSpice(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def,
                                  xmlNodePtr node,
                                  xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                  unsigned int flags)
{
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    int defaultModeVal;
    g_autofree char *port = virXMLPropString(node, "port");
    g_autofree char *tlsPort = virXMLPropString(node, "tlsPort");
    g_autofree char *autoport = virXMLPropString(node, "autoport");
    g_autofree char *defaultMode = virXMLPropString(node, "defaultMode");

    if (virDomainGraphicsListensParseXML(def, node, ctxt, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (port) {
        if (virStrToLong_i(port, NULL, 10, &def->data.spice.port) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse spice port %s"), port);
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        def->data.spice.port = 0;
    }

    if (tlsPort) {
        if (virStrToLong_i(tlsPort, NULL, 10, &def->data.spice.tlsPort) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse spice tlsPort %s"), tlsPort);
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        def->data.spice.tlsPort = 0;
    }

    if (STREQ_NULLABLE(autoport, "yes"))
        def->data.spice.autoport = true;

    def->data.spice.defaultMode = VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_CHANNEL_MODE_ANY;

    if (defaultMode) {
        if ((defaultModeVal = virDomainGraphicsSpiceChannelModeTypeFromString(defaultMode)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown default spice channel mode %s"),
                           defaultMode);
            return -1;
        }
        def->data.spice.defaultMode = defaultModeVal;
    }

    if (def->data.spice.port == -1 && def->data.spice.tlsPort == -1) {
        /* Legacy compat syntax, used -1 for auto-port */
        def->data.spice.autoport = true;
    }

    if (def->data.spice.autoport && (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE)) {
        def->data.spice.port = 0;
        def->data.spice.tlsPort = 0;
    }

    def->data.spice.keymap = virXMLPropString(node, "keymap");

    if (virDomainGraphicsAuthDefParseXML(node, &def->data.spice.auth,
                                         def->type) < 0)
        return -1;

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "channel")) {
                int nameval, modeval;
                g_autofree char *name = NULL;
                g_autofree char *mode = NULL;

                name = virXMLPropString(cur, "name");
                mode = virXMLPropString(cur, "mode");

                if (!name || !mode) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("spice channel missing name/mode"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if ((nameval = virDomainGraphicsSpiceChannelNameTypeFromString(name)) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown spice channel name %s"),
                                   name);
                    return -1;
                }
                if ((modeval = virDomainGraphicsSpiceChannelModeTypeFromString(mode)) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown spice channel mode %s"),
                                   mode);
                    return -1;
                }

                def->data.spice.channels[nameval] = modeval;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "image")) {
                int compressionVal;
                g_autofree char *compression = virXMLPropString(cur, "compression");

                if (!compression) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("spice image missing compression"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if ((compressionVal =
                     virDomainGraphicsSpiceImageCompressionTypeFromString(compression)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown spice image compression %s"),
                                   compression);
                    return -1;
                }

                def->data.spice.image = compressionVal;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "jpeg")) {
                int compressionVal;
                g_autofree char *compression = virXMLPropString(cur, "compression");

                if (!compression) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("spice jpeg missing compression"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if ((compressionVal =
                     virDomainGraphicsSpiceJpegCompressionTypeFromString(compression)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown spice jpeg compression %s"),
                                   compression);
                    return -1;
                }

                def->data.spice.jpeg = compressionVal;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "zlib")) {
                int compressionVal;
                g_autofree char *compression = virXMLPropString(cur, "compression");

                if (!compression) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("spice zlib missing compression"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if ((compressionVal =
                     virDomainGraphicsSpiceZlibCompressionTypeFromString(compression)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown spice zlib compression %s"),
                                   compression);
                    return -1;
                }

                def->data.spice.zlib = compressionVal;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "playback")) {
                int compressionVal;
                g_autofree char *compression = virXMLPropString(cur, "compression");

                if (!compression) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("spice playback missing compression"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if ((compressionVal =
                     virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(compression)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                                   _("unknown spice playback compression"));
                    return -1;
                }

                def->data.spice.playback = compressionVal;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "streaming")) {
                int modeVal;
                g_autofree char *mode = virXMLPropString(cur, "mode");

                if (!mode) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("spice streaming missing mode"));
                    return -1;
                }
                if ((modeVal =
                     virDomainGraphicsSpiceStreamingModeTypeFromString(mode)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                                   _("unknown spice streaming mode"));
                    return -1;
                }

                def->data.spice.streaming = modeVal;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "clipboard")) {
                int copypasteVal;
                g_autofree char *copypaste = virXMLPropString(cur, "copypaste");

                if (!copypaste) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("spice clipboard missing copypaste"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if ((copypasteVal =
                     virTristateBoolTypeFromString(copypaste)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown copypaste value '%s'"), copypaste);
                    return -1;
                }

                def->data.spice.copypaste = copypasteVal;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "filetransfer")) {
                int enableVal;
                g_autofree char *enable = virXMLPropString(cur, "enable");

                if (!enable) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("spice filetransfer missing enable"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if ((enableVal =
                     virTristateBoolTypeFromString(enable)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown enable value '%s'"), enable);
                    return -1;
                }

                def->data.spice.filetransfer = enableVal;
            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "gl")) {
                int enableVal;
                g_autofree char *enable = virXMLPropString(cur, "enable");
                g_autofree char *rendernode = virXMLPropString(cur, "rendernode");

                if (!enable) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("spice gl element missing enable"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if ((enableVal =
                     virTristateBoolTypeFromString(enable)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown enable value '%s'"), enable);
                    return -1;
                }

                def->data.spice.gl = enableVal;
                def->data.spice.rendernode = g_steal_pointer(&rendernode);

            } else if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "mouse")) {
                int modeVal;
                g_autofree char *mode = virXMLPropString(cur, "mode");

                if (!mode) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("spice mouse missing mode"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if ((modeVal = virDomainGraphicsSpiceMouseModeTypeFromString(mode)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown mouse mode value '%s'"),
                                   mode);
                    return -1;
                }

                def->data.spice.mousemode = modeVal;
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLEGLHeadless(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def,
                                        xmlNodePtr node,
                                        xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    xmlNodePtr glNode;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if ((glNode = virXPathNode("./gl", ctxt)))
        def->data.egl_headless.rendernode = virXMLPropString(glNode,
                                                             "rendernode");
    return 0;
}


virDomainGraphicsDefPtr
virDomainGraphicsDefNew(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (xmlopt && xmlopt->privateData.graphicsNew &&
        !(def->privateData = xmlopt->privateData.graphicsNew())) {
        VIR_FREE(def);
        def = NULL;
    }

    return def;
}


virDomainNetDefPtr
virDomainNetDefNew(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainNetDefPtr def = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (xmlopt && xmlopt->privateData.networkNew &&
        !(def->privateData = xmlopt->privateData.networkNew())) {
        virDomainNetDefFree(def);
        def = NULL;
    }

    return def;
}


/* Parse the XML definition for a graphics device */
static virDomainGraphicsDefPtr
virDomainGraphicsDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                             xmlNodePtr node,
                             xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                             unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def;
    int typeVal;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;

    if (!(def = virDomainGraphicsDefNew(xmlopt)))
        return NULL;

    type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing graphics device type"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((typeVal = virDomainGraphicsTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown graphics device type '%s'"), type);
        goto error;
    }
    def->type = typeVal;

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_VNC:
        if (virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLVNC(def, node, ctxt, flags) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SDL:
        if (virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLSDL(def, node, ctxt) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_RDP:
        if (virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLRDP(def, node, ctxt, flags) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_DESKTOP:
        if (virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLDesktop(def, node) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE:
        if (virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLSpice(def, node, ctxt, flags) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_EGL_HEADLESS:
        if (virDomainGraphicsDefParseXMLEGLHeadless(def, node, ctxt) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainGraphicsDefFree(def);
    def = NULL;
    return NULL;
}


static virDomainSoundCodecDefPtr
virDomainSoundCodecDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node)
{
    virDomainSoundCodecDefPtr def;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    if ((def->type = virDomainSoundCodecTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown codec type '%s'"), type);
        goto error;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainSoundCodecDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}


static virDomainSoundDefPtr
virDomainSoundDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                          xmlNodePtr node,
                          xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                          unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainSoundDefPtr def;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    model = virXMLPropString(node, "model");
    if ((def->model = virDomainSoundModelTypeFromString(model)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown sound model '%s'"), model);
        goto error;
    }

    if (def->model == VIR_DOMAIN_SOUND_MODEL_ICH6 ||
        def->model == VIR_DOMAIN_SOUND_MODEL_ICH9) {
        int ncodecs;
        g_autofree xmlNodePtr *codecNodes = NULL;

        /* parse the <codec> subelements for sound models that support it */
        ncodecs = virXPathNodeSet("./codec", ctxt, &codecNodes);
        if (ncodecs < 0)
            goto error;

        if (ncodecs > 0) {
            size_t i;

            if (VIR_ALLOC_N(def->codecs, ncodecs) < 0)
                goto error;

            for (i = 0; i < ncodecs; i++) {
                virDomainSoundCodecDefPtr codec = virDomainSoundCodecDefParseXML(codecNodes[i]);
                if (codec == NULL)
                    goto error;

                codec->cad = def->ncodecs; /* that will do for now */
                def->codecs[def->ncodecs++] = codec;
            }
        }
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainSoundDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}


static bool
virDomainSoundDefEquals(const virDomainSoundDef *a,
                        const virDomainSoundDef *b)
{
    size_t i;

    if (a->model != b->model)
        return false;

    if (a->ncodecs != b->ncodecs)
        return false;

    for (i = 0; i < a->ncodecs; i++) {
        if (a->codecs[i]->type != b->codecs[i]->type)
            return false;
    }

    if (a->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
        !virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual(&a->info, &b->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


ssize_t
virDomainSoundDefFind(const virDomainDef *def,
                      const virDomainSoundDef *sound)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nsounds; i++) {
        if (virDomainSoundDefEquals(sound, def->sounds[i]))
            return i;
    }

    return -1;
}


static virDomainWatchdogDefPtr
virDomainWatchdogDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                             xmlNodePtr node,
                             unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainWatchdogDefPtr def;
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;
    g_autofree char *action = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    model = virXMLPropString(node, "model");
    if (model == NULL) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("watchdog must contain model name"));
        goto error;
    }
    def->model = virDomainWatchdogModelTypeFromString(model);
    if (def->model < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown watchdog model '%s'"), model);
        goto error;
    }

    action = virXMLPropString(node, "action");
    if (action == NULL) {
        def->action = VIR_DOMAIN_WATCHDOG_ACTION_RESET;
    } else {
        def->action = virDomainWatchdogActionTypeFromString(action);
        if (def->action < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown watchdog action '%s'"), action);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainWatchdogDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}


static virDomainRNGDefPtr
virDomainRNGDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                        xmlNodePtr node,
                        xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainRNGDefPtr def;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    int nbackends;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *backends = NULL;
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;
    g_autofree char *backend = NULL;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (!(model = virXMLPropString(node, "model"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s", _("missing RNG device model"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((def->model = virDomainRNGModelTypeFromString(model)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, _("unknown RNG model '%s'"), model);
        goto error;
    }

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (virXPathUInt("string(./rate/@bytes)", ctxt, &def->rate) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("invalid RNG rate bytes value"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (def->rate > 0 &&
        virXPathUInt("string(./rate/@period)", ctxt, &def->period) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("invalid RNG rate period value"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((nbackends = virXPathNodeSet("./backend", ctxt, &backends)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (nbackends != 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("only one RNG backend is supported"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (!(backend = virXMLPropString(backends[0], "model"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing RNG device backend model"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((def->backend = virDomainRNGBackendTypeFromString(backend)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown RNG backend model '%s'"), backend);
        goto error;
    }

    switch ((virDomainRNGBackend) def->backend) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_RANDOM:
        def->source.file = virXPathString("string(./backend)", ctxt);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_EGD:
        if (!(type = virXMLPropString(backends[0], "type"))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("missing EGD backend type"));
            goto error;
        }

        if (!(def->source.chardev = virDomainChrSourceDefNew(xmlopt)))
            goto error;

        def->source.chardev->type = virDomainChrTypeFromString(type);
        if (def->source.chardev->type < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown backend type '%s' for egd"),
                           type);
            goto error;
        }

        if (virDomainChrSourceDefParseXML(def->source.chardev,
                                          backends[0]->children, flags,
                                          NULL, ctxt) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_BUILTIN:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_LAST:
        break;
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainVirtioOptionsParseXML(virXPathNode("./driver", ctxt),
                                       &def->virtio) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainRNGDefFree(def);
    def = NULL;
    return NULL;
}


static virDomainMemballoonDefPtr
virDomainMemballoonDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                               xmlNodePtr node,
                               xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                               unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainMemballoonDefPtr def;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    unsigned int period = 0;
    g_autofree char *model = NULL;
    g_autofree char *deflate = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    model = virXMLPropString(node, "model");
    if (model == NULL) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("balloon memory must contain model name"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((def->model = virDomainMemballoonModelTypeFromString(model)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown memory balloon model '%s'"), model);
        goto error;
    }

    if ((deflate = virXMLPropString(node, "autodeflate")) &&
        (def->autodeflate = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(deflate)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("invalid autodeflate attribute value '%s'"), deflate);
        goto error;
    }

    ctxt->node = node;
    if (virXPathUInt("string(./stats/@period)", ctxt, &period) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("invalid statistics collection period"));
        goto error;
    }

    def->period = period;
    if (def->period < 0)
        def->period = 0;

    if (def->model == VIR_DOMAIN_MEMBALLOON_MODEL_NONE)
        VIR_DEBUG("Ignoring device address for none model Memballoon");
    else if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                         &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainVirtioOptionsParseXML(virXPathNode("./driver", ctxt),
                                       &def->virtio) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainMemballoonDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

static virDomainNVRAMDefPtr
virDomainNVRAMDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                          xmlNodePtr node,
                          unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainNVRAMDefPtr def;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainNVRAMDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

static virDomainShmemDefPtr
virDomainShmemDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                          xmlNodePtr node,
                          xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                          unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainShmemDefPtr def = NULL;
    virDomainShmemDefPtr ret = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr msi = NULL;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    xmlNodePtr server = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    tmp = virXPathString("string(./model/@type)", ctxt);
    if (tmp) {
        /* If there's none, we will automatically have the first one
         * (as default).  Unfortunately this has to be done for
         * compatibility reasons. */
        if ((def->model = virDomainShmemModelTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Unknown shmem model type '%s'"), tmp);
            goto cleanup;
        }

        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    if (!(def->name = virXMLPropString(node, "name"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("shmem element must contain 'name' attribute"));
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (virParseScaledValue("./size[1]", NULL, ctxt,
                            &def->size, 1, ULLONG_MAX, false) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if ((server = virXPathNode("./server[1]", ctxt))) {
        def->server.enabled = true;

        def->server.chr.type = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UNIX;
        def->server.chr.data.nix.listen = false;
        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(server, "path")))
            def->server.chr.data.nix.path = virFileSanitizePath(tmp);
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    if ((msi = virXPathNode("./msi[1]", ctxt))) {
        def->msi.enabled = true;

        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(msi, "vectors")) &&
            virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 0, &def->msi.vectors) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("invalid number of vectors for shmem: '%s'"),
                           tmp);
            goto cleanup;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);

        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(msi, "ioeventfd"))) {
            int val;

            if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("invalid msi ioeventfd setting for shmem: '%s'"),
                               tmp);
                goto cleanup;
            }
            def->msi.ioeventfd = val;
        }
    }

    /* msi option is only relevant with a server */
    if (def->msi.enabled && !def->server.enabled) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("msi option is only supported with a server"));
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto cleanup;


    ret = g_steal_pointer(&def);
 cleanup:
    virDomainShmemDefFree(def);
    return ret;
}

static int
virSysinfoBIOSParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                       xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                       virSysinfoBIOSDefPtr *bios)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    int ret = -1;
    virSysinfoBIOSDefPtr def;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (!virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "bios")) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("XML does not contain expected 'bios' element"));
        return ret;
    }

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    def->vendor = virXPathString("string(entry[@name='vendor'])", ctxt);
    def->version = virXPathString("string(entry[@name='version'])", ctxt);
    def->date = virXPathString("string(entry[@name='date'])", ctxt);
    def->release = virXPathString("string(entry[@name='release'])", ctxt);
    if (def->date != NULL) {
        char *ptr;
        int month, day, year;

        /* Validate just the format of the date
         * Expect mm/dd/yyyy or mm/dd/yy,
         * where yy must be 00->99 and would be assumed to be 19xx
         * a yyyy date should be 1900 and beyond
         */
        if (virStrToLong_i(def->date, &ptr, 10, &month) < 0 ||
            *ptr != '/' ||
            virStrToLong_i(ptr + 1, &ptr, 10, &day) < 0 ||
            *ptr != '/' ||
            virStrToLong_i(ptr + 1, &ptr, 10, &year) < 0 ||
            *ptr != '\0' ||
            (month < 1 || month > 12) ||
            (day < 1 || day > 31) ||
            (year < 0 || (year >= 100 && year < 1900))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL, "%s",
                           _("Invalid BIOS 'date' format"));
            goto cleanup;
        }
    }

    if (!def->vendor && !def->version &&
        !def->date && !def->release) {
        virSysinfoBIOSDefFree(def);
        def = NULL;
    }

    *bios = g_steal_pointer(&def);
    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virSysinfoBIOSDefFree(def);
    return ret;
}

static int
virSysinfoSystemParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                         xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                         virSysinfoSystemDefPtr *sysdef,
                         unsigned char *domUUID,
                         bool uuid_generated)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    int ret = -1;
    virSysinfoSystemDefPtr def;
    g_autofree char *tmpUUID = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (!virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "system")) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("XML does not contain expected 'system' element"));
        return ret;
    }

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    def->manufacturer =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='manufacturer'])", ctxt);
    def->product =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='product'])", ctxt);
    def->version =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='version'])", ctxt);
    def->serial =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='serial'])", ctxt);
    tmpUUID = virXPathString("string(entry[@name='uuid'])", ctxt);
    if (tmpUUID) {
        unsigned char uuidbuf[VIR_UUID_BUFLEN];
        char uuidstr[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];
        if (virUUIDParse(tmpUUID, uuidbuf) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                           "%s", _("malformed <sysinfo> uuid element"));
            goto cleanup;
        }
        if (uuid_generated) {
            memcpy(domUUID, uuidbuf, VIR_UUID_BUFLEN);
        } else if (memcmp(domUUID, uuidbuf, VIR_UUID_BUFLEN) != 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL, "%s",
                           _("UUID mismatch between <uuid> and "
                             "<sysinfo>"));
            goto cleanup;
        }
        /* Although we've validated the UUID as good, virUUIDParse() is
         * lax with respect to allowing extraneous "-" and " ", but the
         * underlying hypervisor may be less forgiving. Use virUUIDFormat()
         * to validate format in xml is right. If not, then format it
         * properly so that it's used correctly later.
         */
        virUUIDFormat(uuidbuf, uuidstr);
        def->uuid = g_strdup(uuidstr);
    }
    def->sku =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='sku'])", ctxt);
    def->family =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='family'])", ctxt);

    if (!def->manufacturer && !def->product && !def->version &&
        !def->serial && !def->uuid && !def->sku && !def->family) {
        virSysinfoSystemDefFree(def);
        def = NULL;
    }

    *sysdef = g_steal_pointer(&def);
    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virSysinfoSystemDefFree(def);
    return ret;
}

static int
virSysinfoBaseBoardParseXML(xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                            virSysinfoBaseBoardDefPtr *baseBoard,
                            size_t *nbaseBoard)
{
    size_t i, nboards = 0;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    int n;
    g_autofree virSysinfoBaseBoardDefPtr boards = NULL;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./baseBoard", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(boards, n) < 0)
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virSysinfoBaseBoardDefPtr def = boards + nboards;

        ctxt->node = nodes[i];

        def->manufacturer =
            virXPathString("string(entry[@name='manufacturer'])", ctxt);
        def->product =
            virXPathString("string(entry[@name='product'])", ctxt);
        def->version =
            virXPathString("string(entry[@name='version'])", ctxt);
        def->serial =
            virXPathString("string(entry[@name='serial'])", ctxt);
        def->asset =
            virXPathString("string(entry[@name='asset'])", ctxt);
        def->location =
            virXPathString("string(entry[@name='location'])", ctxt);

        if (!def->manufacturer && !def->product && !def->version &&
            !def->serial && !def->asset && !def->location) {
            /* nada */
        } else {
            nboards++;
        }
    }

    *baseBoard = g_steal_pointer(&boards);
    *nbaseBoard = nboards;

    return 0;
}


static int
virSysinfoOEMStringsParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                             xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                             virSysinfoOEMStringsDefPtr *oem)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    int ret = -1;
    virSysinfoOEMStringsDefPtr def;
    int nstrings;
    size_t i;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *strings = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    nstrings = virXPathNodeSet("./entry", ctxt, &strings);
    if (nstrings < 0)
        return -1;
    if (nstrings == 0)
        return 0;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if (VIR_ALLOC_N(def->values, nstrings) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    def->nvalues = nstrings;
    for (i = 0; i < nstrings; i++)
        def->values[i] = virXMLNodeContentString(strings[i]);

    *oem = g_steal_pointer(&def);
    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virSysinfoOEMStringsDefFree(def);
    return ret;
}


static int
virSysinfoChassisParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                         xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                         virSysinfoChassisDefPtr *chassisdef)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    int ret = -1;
    virSysinfoChassisDefPtr def;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (!xmlStrEqual(node->name, BAD_CAST "chassis")) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("XML does not contain expected 'chassis' element"));
        return ret;
    }

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    def->manufacturer =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='manufacturer'])", ctxt);
    def->version =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='version'])", ctxt);
    def->serial =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='serial'])", ctxt);
    def->asset =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='asset'])", ctxt);
    def->sku =
        virXPathString("string(entry[@name='sku'])", ctxt);

    if (!def->manufacturer && !def->version &&
        !def->serial && !def->asset && !def->sku) {
        virSysinfoChassisDefFree(def);
        def = NULL;
    }

    *chassisdef = g_steal_pointer(&def);
    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virSysinfoChassisDefFree(def);
    return ret;
}


static int
virSysinfoParseSMBIOSDef(virSysinfoDefPtr def,
                         xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                         unsigned char *domUUID,
                         bool uuid_generated)
{
    xmlNodePtr tmpnode;

    /* Extract BIOS related metadata */
    if ((tmpnode = virXPathNode("./bios[1]", ctxt)) != NULL) {
        if (virSysinfoBIOSParseXML(tmpnode, ctxt, &def->bios) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    /* Extract system related metadata */
    if ((tmpnode = virXPathNode("./system[1]", ctxt)) != NULL) {
        if (virSysinfoSystemParseXML(tmpnode, ctxt, &def->system,
                                     domUUID, uuid_generated) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    /* Extract system base board metadata */
    if (virSysinfoBaseBoardParseXML(ctxt, &def->baseBoard, &def->nbaseBoard) < 0)
        return -1;

    /* Extract chassis related metadata */
    if ((tmpnode = virXPathNode("./chassis[1]", ctxt)) != NULL) {
        if (virSysinfoChassisParseXML(tmpnode, ctxt, &def->chassis) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    /* Extract system related metadata */
    if ((tmpnode = virXPathNode("./oemStrings[1]", ctxt)) != NULL) {
        if (virSysinfoOEMStringsParseXML(tmpnode, ctxt, &def->oemStrings) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virSysinfoParseFWCfgDef(virSysinfoDefPtr def,
                        xmlNodePtr node,
                        xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;
    int n;
    size_t i;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./entry", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (n == 0)
        return 0;

    def->fw_cfgs = g_new0(virSysinfoFWCfgDef, n);

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        g_autofree char *name = NULL;
        g_autofree char *value = NULL;
        g_autofree char *file = NULL;
        g_autofree char *sanitizedFile = NULL;

        if (!(name = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "name"))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Firmware entry is missing 'name' attribute"));
            return -1;
        }

        value = virXMLNodeContentString(nodes[i]);
        file = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "file");

        if (virStringIsEmpty(value))
            VIR_FREE(value);

        if (!value && !file) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Firmware entry must have either value or "
                             "'file' attribute"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (file)
            sanitizedFile = virFileSanitizePath(file);

        def->fw_cfgs[i].name = g_steal_pointer(&name);
        def->fw_cfgs[i].value = g_steal_pointer(&value);
        def->fw_cfgs[i].file = g_steal_pointer(&sanitizedFile);
        def->nfw_cfgs++;
    }

    return 0;
}


static virSysinfoDefPtr
virSysinfoParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                   xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                   unsigned char *domUUID,
                   bool uuid_generated)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virSysinfoDefPtr def;
    g_autofree char *typeStr = NULL;
    int type;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (!virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "sysinfo")) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("XML does not contain expected 'sysinfo' element"));
        return NULL;
    }

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    typeStr = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    if (typeStr == NULL) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("sysinfo must contain a type attribute"));
        goto error;
    }
    if ((type = virSysinfoTypeFromString(typeStr)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown sysinfo type '%s'"), typeStr);
        goto error;
    }
    def->type = type;

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_SYSINFO_SMBIOS:
        if (virSysinfoParseSMBIOSDef(def, ctxt, domUUID, uuid_generated) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;

    case VIR_SYSINFO_FWCFG:
        if (virSysinfoParseFWCfgDef(def, node, ctxt) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;

    case VIR_SYSINFO_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virSysinfoDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

unsigned int
virDomainVideoDefaultRAM(const virDomainDef *def,
                         const virDomainVideoType type)
{
    switch (type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_VGA:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_CIRRUS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_VMVGA:
        if (def->virtType == VIR_DOMAIN_VIRT_VBOX)
            return 8 * 1024;
        else if (def->virtType == VIR_DOMAIN_VIRT_VMWARE)
            return 4 * 1024;
        else
            return 16 * 1024;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_BOCHS:
        return 16 * 1024;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_XEN:
        /* Original Xen PVFB hardcoded to 4 MB */
        return 4 * 1024;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_QXL:
        /* QEMU use 64M as the minimal video memory for qxl device */
        return 64 * 1024;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_DEFAULT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_VBOX:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_PARALLELS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_VIRTIO:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_GOP:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_RAMFB:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_LAST:
    default:
        return 0;
    }
}


static virDomainVideoAccelDefPtr
virDomainVideoAccelDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node)
{
    g_autofree virDomainVideoAccelDefPtr def = NULL;
    int val;
    g_autofree char *accel2d = NULL;
    g_autofree char *accel3d = NULL;
    g_autofree char *rendernode = NULL;

    accel3d = virXMLPropString(node, "accel3d");
    accel2d = virXMLPropString(node, "accel2d");
    rendernode = virXMLPropString(node, "rendernode");

    if (!accel3d && !accel2d && !rendernode) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("missing values for acceleration"));
        return NULL;
    }

    def = g_new0(virDomainVideoAccelDef, 1);

    if (accel3d) {
        if ((val = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(accel3d)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown accel3d value '%s'"), accel3d);
            return NULL;
        }
        def->accel3d = val;
    }

    if (accel2d) {
        if ((val = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(accel2d)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown accel2d value '%s'"), accel2d);
            return NULL;
        }
        def->accel2d = val;
    }

    if (rendernode)
        def->rendernode = virFileSanitizePath(rendernode);

    return g_steal_pointer(&def);
}

static virDomainVideoResolutionDefPtr
virDomainVideoResolutionDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node)
{
    g_autofree virDomainVideoResolutionDefPtr def = NULL;
    g_autofree char *x = NULL;
    g_autofree char *y = NULL;

    x = virXMLPropString(node, "x");
    y = virXMLPropString(node, "y");

    if (!x || !y) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("missing values for resolution"));
        return NULL;
    }

    def = g_new0(virDomainVideoResolutionDef, 1);

    if (virStrToLong_uip(x, NULL, 10, &def->x) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("cannot parse video x-resolution '%s'"), x);
        return NULL;
    }

    if (virStrToLong_uip(y, NULL, 10, &def->y) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("cannot parse video y-resolution '%s'"), y);
        return NULL;
    }

    return g_steal_pointer(&def);
}

static virDomainVideoDriverDefPtr
virDomainVideoDriverDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node)
{
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    virDomainVideoDriverDefPtr def;
    int val;
    g_autofree char *vgaconf = NULL;

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (!vgaconf &&
                virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "driver")) {
                vgaconf = virXMLPropString(cur, "vgaconf");
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    if (!vgaconf)
        return NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return def;

    if ((val = virDomainVideoVGAConfTypeFromString(vgaconf)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown vgaconf value '%s'"), vgaconf);
        return def;
    }
    def->vgaconf = val;

    return def;
}

static virDomainVideoDefPtr
virDomainVideoDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                          xmlNodePtr node,
                          xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                          unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainVideoDefPtr def;
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;
    g_autofree char *driver_name = NULL;
    g_autofree char *heads = NULL;
    g_autofree char *vram = NULL;
    g_autofree char *vram64 = NULL;
    g_autofree char *ram = NULL;
    g_autofree char *vgamem = NULL;
    g_autofree char *primary = NULL;

    if (!(def = virDomainVideoDefNew(xmlopt)))
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    cur = node->children;
    while (cur != NULL) {
        if (cur->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
            if (!type && !vram && !ram && !heads &&
                virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "model")) {
                xmlNodePtr child;
                type = virXMLPropString(cur, "type");
                ram = virXMLPropString(cur, "ram");
                vram = virXMLPropString(cur, "vram");
                vram64 = virXMLPropString(cur, "vram64");
                vgamem = virXMLPropString(cur, "vgamem");
                heads = virXMLPropString(cur, "heads");

                if ((primary = virXMLPropString(cur, "primary")) != NULL) {
                    ignore_value(virStringParseYesNo(primary, &def->primary));
                    VIR_FREE(primary);
                }

                child = cur->children;
                while (child != NULL) {
                    if (child->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
                        if (def->accel == NULL &&
                            virXMLNodeNameEqual(child, "acceleration")) {
                            if ((def->accel = virDomainVideoAccelDefParseXML(child)) == NULL)
                                goto error;
                        }
                        if (def->res == NULL &&
                            virXMLNodeNameEqual(child, "resolution")) {
                            if ((def->res = virDomainVideoResolutionDefParseXML(child)) == NULL)
                                goto error;
                        }
                    }
                    child = child->next;
                }
            }
            if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(cur, "driver")) {
                if (virDomainVirtioOptionsParseXML(cur, &def->virtio) < 0)
                    goto error;
                driver_name = virXMLPropString(cur, "name");
            }
        }
        cur = cur->next;
    }

    if (type) {
        if ((def->type = virDomainVideoTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown video model '%s'"), type);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->type = VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_DEFAULT;
    }

    if (driver_name) {
        int backend;
        if ((backend = virDomainVideoBackendTypeFromString(driver_name)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown video driver '%s'"), driver_name);
            goto error;
        }
        def->backend = backend;
    } else {
        def->backend = VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_BACKEND_TYPE_DEFAULT;
    }

    if (ram) {
        if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_QXL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("ram attribute only supported for type of qxl"));
            goto error;
        }
        if (virStrToLong_uip(ram, NULL, 10, &def->ram) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse video ram '%s'"), ram);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (vram) {
        if (virStrToLong_uip(vram, NULL, 10, &def->vram) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse video vram '%s'"), vram);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (vram64) {
        if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_QXL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("vram64 attribute only supported for type of qxl"));
            goto error;
        }
        if (virStrToLong_uip(vram64, NULL, 10, &def->vram64) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse video vram64 '%s'"), vram64);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (vgamem) {
        if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_QXL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("vgamem attribute only supported for type of qxl"));
            goto error;
        }
        if (virStrToLong_uip(vgamem, NULL, 10, &def->vgamem) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse video vgamem '%s'"), vgamem);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (heads) {
        if (virStrToLong_uip(heads, NULL, 10, &def->heads) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("cannot parse video heads '%s'"), heads);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    def->driver = virDomainVideoDriverDefParseXML(node);

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainVideoDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

static virDomainHostdevDefPtr
virDomainHostdevDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                            xmlNodePtr node,
                            xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                            unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr def;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    g_autofree char *mode = virXMLPropString(node, "mode");
    g_autofree char *type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (!(def = virDomainHostdevDefNew()))
        goto error;

    if (mode) {
        if ((def->mode = virDomainHostdevModeTypeFromString(mode)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown hostdev mode '%s'"), mode);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->mode = VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS;
    }

    switch (def->mode) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS:
        /* parse managed/mode/type, and the <source> element */
        if (virDomainHostdevDefParseXMLSubsys(node, ctxt, type, def, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_CAPABILITIES:
        /* parse managed/mode/type, and the <source> element */
        if (virDomainHostdevDefParseXMLCaps(node, ctxt, type, def) < 0)
            goto error;
        break;
    default:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Unexpected hostdev mode %d"), def->mode);
        goto error;
    }

    if (def->info->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE) {
        if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, def->info,
                                        flags  | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ALLOW_BOOT
                                        | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ALLOW_ROM) < 0)
            goto error;
    }
    if (def->mode == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS) {
        switch ((virDomainHostdevSubsysType) def->source.subsys.type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI:
            if (virXPathBoolean("boolean(./readonly)", ctxt))
                def->readonly = true;
            if (virXPathBoolean("boolean(./shareable)", ctxt))
                def->shareable = true;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_PCI:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI_HOST:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_LAST:
            break;
        }
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainHostdevDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}


static virDomainRedirdevDefPtr
virDomainRedirdevDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                             xmlNodePtr node,
                             xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                             unsigned int flags)
{
    xmlNodePtr cur;
    virDomainRedirdevDefPtr def;
    g_autofree char *bus = NULL;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (!(def->source = virDomainChrSourceDefNew(xmlopt)))
        goto error;

    bus = virXMLPropString(node, "bus");
    if (bus) {
        if ((def->bus = virDomainRedirdevBusTypeFromString(bus)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown redirdev bus '%s'"), bus);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->bus = VIR_DOMAIN_REDIRDEV_BUS_USB;
    }

    type = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    if (type) {
        if ((def->source->type = virDomainChrTypeFromString(type)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown redirdev character device type '%s'"), type);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing type in redirdev"));
        goto error;
    }

    cur = node->children;
    /* boot gets parsed in virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML
     * source gets parsed in virDomainChrSourceDefParseXML */
    if (virDomainChrSourceDefParseXML(def->source, cur, flags,
                                      NULL, ctxt) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (def->source->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEVMC)
        def->source->data.spicevmc = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SPICEVMC_USBREDIR;

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &def->info,
                                    flags | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_ALLOW_BOOT) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (def->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_REDIRDEV_BUS_USB &&
        def->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
        def->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_USB) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Invalid address for a USB device"));
        goto error;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainRedirdevDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * This is the helper function to convert USB device version from a
 * format of JJ.MN to a format of 0xJJMN where JJ is the major
 * version number, M is the minor version number and N is the
 * sub minor version number.
 * e.g. USB version 2.0 is reported as 0x0200,
 *      USB version 4.07 as 0x0407
 */
static int
virDomainRedirFilterUSBVersionHelper(const char *version,
                                     virDomainRedirFilterUSBDevDefPtr def)
{
    unsigned int major, minor;
    char *s = NULL;

    if ((virStrToLong_ui(version, &s, 10, &major)) < 0 ||
        *s++ != '.' ||
        (virStrToLong_ui(s, NULL, 10, &minor)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (major >= 100 || minor >= 100)
        goto error;

    /* Treat JJ.M as JJ.M0, not JJ.0M */
    if (strlen(s) == 1)
        minor *= 10;

    def->version = (major / 10) << 12 | (major % 10) << 8 |
                   (minor / 10) << 4 | (minor % 10) << 0;

    return 0;

 error:
    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                   _("Cannot parse USB device version %s"), version);
    return -1;
}

static virDomainRedirFilterUSBDevDefPtr
virDomainRedirFilterUSBDevDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node)
{
    virDomainRedirFilterUSBDevDefPtr def;
    g_autofree char *class = NULL;
    g_autofree char *vendor = NULL;
    g_autofree char *product = NULL;
    g_autofree char *version = NULL;
    g_autofree char *allow = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    class = virXMLPropString(node, "class");
    if (class) {
        if ((virStrToLong_i(class, NULL, 0, &def->usbClass)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Cannot parse USB Class code %s"), class);
            goto error;
        }

        if (def->usbClass != -1 && def->usbClass &~ 0xFF) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("Invalid USB Class code %s"), class);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->usbClass = -1;
    }

    vendor = virXMLPropString(node, "vendor");
    if (vendor) {
        if ((virStrToLong_i(vendor, NULL, 0, &def->vendor)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Cannot parse USB vendor ID %s"), vendor);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->vendor = -1;
    }

    product = virXMLPropString(node, "product");
    if (product) {
        if ((virStrToLong_i(product, NULL, 0, &def->product)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("Cannot parse USB product ID %s"), product);
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        def->product = -1;
    }

    version = virXMLPropString(node, "version");
    if (version) {
        if (STREQ(version, "-1"))
            def->version = -1;
        else if ((virDomainRedirFilterUSBVersionHelper(version, def)) < 0)
            goto error;
    } else {
        def->version = -1;
    }

    allow = virXMLPropString(node, "allow");
    if (allow) {
        if (virStringParseYesNo(allow, &def->allow) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Invalid allow value, either 'yes' or 'no'"));
            goto error;
        }
    } else {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing allow attribute for USB redirection filter"));
        goto error;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    VIR_FREE(def);
    return NULL;
}

static virDomainRedirFilterDefPtr
virDomainRedirFilterDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    int n;
    size_t i;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virDomainRedirFilterDefPtr def = NULL;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        goto error;

    ctxt->node = node;
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./usbdev", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->usbdevs, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainRedirFilterUSBDevDefPtr usbdev =
            virDomainRedirFilterUSBDevDefParseXML(nodes[i]);

        if (!usbdev)
            goto error;
        def->usbdevs[def->nusbdevs++] = usbdev;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainRedirFilterDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

static int
virDomainEventActionParseXML(xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                             const char *name,
                             const char *xpath,
                             int *val,
                             int defaultVal,
                             virEventActionFromStringFunc convFunc)
{
    g_autofree char *tmp = virXPathString(xpath, ctxt);

    if (tmp == NULL) {
        *val = defaultVal;
    } else {
        *val = convFunc(tmp);
        if (*val < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown %s action: %s"), name, tmp);
            return -1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainPMStateParseXML(xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                         const char *xpath,
                         int *val)
{
    g_autofree char *tmp = virXPathString(xpath, ctxt);

    if (tmp) {
        *val = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(tmp);
        if (*val < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown PM state value %s"), tmp);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainPerfEventDefParseXML(virDomainPerfDefPtr perf,
                              xmlNodePtr node)
{
    int event;
    g_autofree char *name = NULL;
    g_autofree char *enabled = NULL;

    if (!(name = virXMLPropString(node, "name"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s", _("missing perf event name"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((event = virPerfEventTypeFromString(name)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("'unsupported perf event '%s'"), name);
        return -1;
    }

    if (perf->events[event] != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("perf event '%s' was already specified"), name);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(enabled = virXMLPropString(node, "enabled"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("missing state of perf event '%s'"), name);
        return -1;
    }

    if ((perf->events[event] = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(enabled)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("invalid state '%s' of perf event '%s'"),
                       enabled, name);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainPerfDefParseXML(virDomainDefPtr def,
                         xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    size_t i;
    int n;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./perf/event", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        return n;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainPerfEventDefParseXML(&def->perf, nodes[i]) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainMemorySourceDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                 xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                 virDomainMemoryDefPtr def)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    ctxt->node = node;
    g_autofree char *nodemask = NULL;

    switch ((virDomainMemoryModel) def->model) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_DIMM:
        if (virDomainParseMemory("./pagesize", "./pagesize/@unit", ctxt,
                                 &def->pagesize, false, false) < 0)
            return -1;

        if ((nodemask = virXPathString("string(./nodemask)", ctxt))) {
            if (virBitmapParse(nodemask, &def->sourceNodes,
                               VIR_DOMAIN_CPUMASK_LEN) < 0)
                return -1;

            if (virBitmapIsAllClear(def->sourceNodes)) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("Invalid value of 'nodemask': %s"), nodemask);
                return -1;
            }
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NVDIMM:
        if (!(def->nvdimmPath = virXPathString("string(./path)", ctxt))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL, "%s",
                           _("path is required for model 'nvdimm'"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (virDomainParseMemory("./alignsize", "./alignsize/@unit", ctxt,
                                 &def->alignsize, false, false) < 0)
            return -1;

        if (virXPathBoolean("boolean(./pmem)", ctxt))
            def->nvdimmPmem = true;

        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainMemoryTargetDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                 xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                 virDomainMemoryDefPtr def)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    ctxt->node = node;
    int rv;

    /* initialize to value which marks that the user didn't specify it */
    def->targetNode = -1;

    if ((rv = virXPathInt("string(./node)", ctxt, &def->targetNode)) == -2 ||
        (rv == 0 && def->targetNode < 0)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("invalid value of memory device node"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virDomainParseMemory("./size", "./size/@unit", ctxt,
                             &def->size, true, false) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->model == VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NVDIMM) {
        if (virDomainParseMemory("./label/size", "./label/size/@unit", ctxt,
                                 &def->labelsize, false, false) < 0)
            return -1;

        if (def->labelsize && def->labelsize < 128) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("nvdimm label must be at least 128KiB"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (def->labelsize >= def->size) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("label size must be smaller than NVDIMM size"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (virXPathBoolean("boolean(./readonly)", ctxt))
            def->readonly = true;
    }

    return 0;
}


static virDomainSEVDefPtr
virDomainSEVDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr sevNode,
                        xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virDomainSEVDefPtr def;
    unsigned long policy;
    g_autofree char *type = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = sevNode;

    if (!(type = virXMLPropString(sevNode, "type"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing launch security type"));
        goto error;
    }

    def->sectype = virDomainLaunchSecurityTypeFromString(type);
    switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) def->sectype) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV:
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST:
    default:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("unsupported launch security type '%s'"),
                       type);
        goto error;
    }

    if (virXPathUInt("string(./cbitpos)", ctxt, &def->cbitpos) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("failed to get launch security cbitpos"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virXPathUInt("string(./reducedPhysBits)", ctxt,
                     &def->reduced_phys_bits) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("failed to get launch security reduced-phys-bits"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virXPathULongHex("string(./policy)", ctxt, &policy) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("failed to get launch security policy"));
        goto error;
    }

    def->policy = policy;
    def->dh_cert = virXPathString("string(./dhCert)", ctxt);
    def->session = virXPathString("string(./session)", ctxt);

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainSEVDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}

static virDomainMemoryDefPtr
virDomainMemoryDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                           xmlNodePtr memdevNode,
                           xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                           const virDomainDef *dom,
                           unsigned int flags)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    xmlNodePtr node;
    virDomainMemoryDefPtr def;
    int val;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = memdevNode;

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(memdevNode, "model"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing memory model"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((def->model = virDomainMemoryModelTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("invalid memory model '%s'"), tmp);
        goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(memdevNode, "access"))) {
        if ((val = virDomainMemoryAccessTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("invalid access mode '%s'"), tmp);
            goto error;
        }

        def->access = val;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(memdevNode, "discard"))) {
        if ((val = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("invalid discard value '%s'"), tmp);
            goto error;
        }

        def->discard = val;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if (def->model == VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NVDIMM &&
        ARCH_IS_PPC64(dom->os.arch)) {
        /* Extract nvdimm uuid or generate a new one */
        tmp = virXPathString("string(./uuid[1])", ctxt);

        if (!tmp) {
            if (virUUIDGenerate(def->uuid) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               "%s", _("Failed to generate UUID"));
                goto error;
            }
        } else if (virUUIDParse(tmp, def->uuid) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           "%s", _("malformed uuid element"));
            goto error;
        }
    }

    /* source */
    if ((node = virXPathNode("./source", ctxt)) &&
        virDomainMemorySourceDefParseXML(node, ctxt, def) < 0)
        goto error;

    /* target */
    if (!(node = virXPathNode("./target", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing <target> element for <memory> device"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virDomainMemoryTargetDefParseXML(node, ctxt, def) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, memdevNode,
                                    &def->info, flags) < 0)
        goto error;

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainMemoryDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}


static virDomainIOMMUDefPtr
virDomainIOMMUDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                          xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    xmlNodePtr driver;
    int val;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    g_autofree virDomainIOMMUDefPtr iommu = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(iommu) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "model"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing model for IOMMU device"));
        return NULL;
    }

    if ((val = virDomainIOMMUModelTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, _("unknown IOMMU model: %s"), tmp);
        return NULL;
    }

    iommu->model = val;

    if ((driver = virXPathNode("./driver", ctxt))) {
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(driver, "intremap"))) {
            if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, _("unknown intremap value: %s"), tmp);
                return NULL;
            }
            iommu->intremap = val;
        }

        VIR_FREE(tmp);
        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(driver, "caching_mode"))) {
            if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, _("unknown caching_mode value: %s"), tmp);
                return NULL;
            }
            iommu->caching_mode = val;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(driver, "iotlb"))) {
            if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, _("unknown iotlb value: %s"), tmp);
                return NULL;
            }
            iommu->iotlb = val;
        }

        VIR_FREE(tmp);
        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(driver, "eim"))) {
            if ((val = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, _("unknown eim value: %s"), tmp);
                return NULL;
            }
            iommu->eim = val;
        }

        VIR_FREE(tmp);
        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(driver, "aw_bits"))) {
            if (virStrToLong_ui(tmp, NULL, 10, &iommu->aw_bits) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, _("unknown aw_bits value: %s"), tmp);
                return NULL;
            }
        }

    }

    return g_steal_pointer(&iommu);
}


static virDomainVsockDefPtr
virDomainVsockDefParseXML(virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                          xmlNodePtr node,
                          xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                          unsigned int flags)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    xmlNodePtr cid;
    int val;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virDomainVsockDef) vsock = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (!(vsock = virDomainVsockDefNew(xmlopt)))
        return NULL;

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "model"))) {
        if ((val = virDomainVsockModelTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, _("unknown vsock model: %s"), tmp);
            return NULL;
        }
        vsock->model = val;
    }

    cid = virXPathNode("./cid", ctxt);

    VIR_FREE(tmp);
    if (cid) {
        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cid, "address"))) {
            if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &vsock->guest_cid) < 0 ||
                vsock->guest_cid == 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                               _("'cid' attribute must be a positive number: %s"),
                               tmp);
                return NULL;
            }
        }

        VIR_FREE(tmp);
        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(cid, "auto"))) {
            val = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(tmp);
            if (val <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                               _("'auto' attribute can be 'yes' or 'no': %s"),
                               tmp);
                return NULL;
            }
            vsock->auto_cid = val;
        }
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoParseXML(xmlopt, node, &vsock->info, flags) < 0)
        return NULL;

    return g_steal_pointer(&vsock);
}

virDomainDeviceDefPtr
virDomainDeviceDefParse(const char *xmlStr,
                        const virDomainDef *def,
                        virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                        void *parseOpaque,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    g_autoptr(xmlDoc) xml = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr node;
    g_autoptr(xmlXPathContext) ctxt = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virDomainDeviceDef) dev = NULL;

    if (!(xml = virXMLParseStringCtxt(xmlStr, _("(device_definition)"), &ctxt)))
        return NULL;

    node = ctxt->node;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(dev) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if ((dev->type = virDomainDeviceTypeFromString((const char *) node->name)) < 0) {
        /* Some crazy mapping of serial, parallel, console and channel to
         * VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR. */
        if (virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "channel") ||
            virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "console") ||
            virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "parallel") ||
            virXMLNodeNameEqual(node, "serial")) {
            dev->type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR;
        } else {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown device type '%s'"),
                           node->name);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    switch ((virDomainDeviceType) dev->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK:
        if (!(dev->data.disk = virDomainDiskDefParseXML(xmlopt, node, ctxt,
                                                        flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LEASE:
        if (!(dev->data.lease = virDomainLeaseDefParseXML(node)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_FS:
        if (!(dev->data.fs = virDomainFSDefParseXML(xmlopt, node, ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET:
        if (!(dev->data.net = virDomainNetDefParseXML(xmlopt, node, ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT:
        if (!(dev->data.input = virDomainInputDefParseXML(xmlopt, def, node,
                                                          ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SOUND:
        if (!(dev->data.sound = virDomainSoundDefParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                                          ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_WATCHDOG:
        if (!(dev->data.watchdog = virDomainWatchdogDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                                node, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO:
        if (!(dev->data.video = virDomainVideoDefParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                                          ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV:
        if (!(dev->data.hostdev = virDomainHostdevDefParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                                              ctxt,
                                                              flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER:
        if (!(dev->data.controller = virDomainControllerDefParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                                                    ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_GRAPHICS:
        if (!(dev->data.graphics = virDomainGraphicsDefParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                                                ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB:
        if (!(dev->data.hub = virDomainHubDefParseXML(xmlopt, node, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV:
        if (!(dev->data.redirdev = virDomainRedirdevDefParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                                                ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_RNG:
        if (!(dev->data.rng = virDomainRNGDefParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                                      ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR:
        if (!(dev->data.chr = virDomainChrDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                      ctxt,
                                                      node,
                                                      flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SMARTCARD:
        if (!(dev->data.smartcard = virDomainSmartcardDefParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                                                  ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMBALLOON:
        if (!(dev->data.memballoon = virDomainMemballoonDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                                    node,
                                                                    ctxt,
                                                                    flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NVRAM:
        if (!(dev->data.nvram = virDomainNVRAMDefParseXML(xmlopt, node, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SHMEM:
        if (!(dev->data.shmem = virDomainShmemDefParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                                          ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_TPM:
        if (!(dev->data.tpm = virDomainTPMDefParseXML(xmlopt, node, ctxt, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_PANIC:
        if (!(dev->data.panic = virDomainPanicDefParseXML(xmlopt, node, flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY:
        if (!(dev->data.memory = virDomainMemoryDefParseXML(xmlopt, node,
                                                            ctxt, def,
                                                            flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_IOMMU:
        if (!(dev->data.iommu = virDomainIOMMUDefParseXML(node, ctxt)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VSOCK:
        if (!(dev->data.vsock = virDomainVsockDefParseXML(xmlopt, node, ctxt,
                                                          flags)))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    /* callback to fill driver specific device aspects */
    if (virDomainDeviceDefPostParseOne(dev, def, flags,
                                       xmlopt, parseOpaque) < 0)
        return NULL;

    /* validate the configuration */
    if (virDomainDeviceDefValidate(dev, def, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
        return NULL;

    return g_steal_pointer(&dev);
}


virDomainDiskDefPtr
virDomainDiskDefParse(const char *xmlStr,
                      virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    g_autoptr(xmlDoc) xml = NULL;
    g_autoptr(xmlXPathContext) ctxt = NULL;

    if (!(xml = virXMLParseStringCtxt(xmlStr, _("(disk_definition)"), &ctxt)))
        return NULL;

    if (!virXMLNodeNameEqual(ctxt->node, "disk")) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("expecting root element of 'disk', not '%s'"),
                       ctxt->node->name);
        return NULL;
    }

    return virDomainDiskDefParseXML(xmlopt, ctxt->node, ctxt, flags);
}


static const char *
virDomainChrTargetTypeToString(int deviceType,
                               int targetType)
{
    const char *type = NULL;

    switch (deviceType) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CHANNEL:
        type = virDomainChrChannelTargetTypeToString(targetType);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE:
        type = virDomainChrConsoleTargetTypeToString(targetType);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL:
        type = virDomainChrSerialTargetTypeToString(targetType);
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }

    return type;
}

int
virDomainHostdevInsert(virDomainDefPtr def, virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev)
{
    return VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->hostdevs, def->nhostdevs, hostdev);
}

virDomainHostdevDefPtr
virDomainHostdevRemove(virDomainDefPtr def, size_t i)
{
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev = def->hostdevs[i];

    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->hostdevs, i, def->nhostdevs);
    return hostdev;
}


static int
virDomainHostdevMatchSubsysUSB(virDomainHostdevDefPtr first,
                               virDomainHostdevDefPtr second)
{
    virDomainHostdevSubsysUSBPtr first_usbsrc = &first->source.subsys.u.usb;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysUSBPtr second_usbsrc = &second->source.subsys.u.usb;

    if (first_usbsrc->bus && first_usbsrc->device) {
        /* specified by bus location on host */
        if (first_usbsrc->bus == second_usbsrc->bus &&
            first_usbsrc->device == second_usbsrc->device)
            return 1;
    } else {
        /* specified by product & vendor id */
        if (first_usbsrc->product == second_usbsrc->product &&
            first_usbsrc->vendor == second_usbsrc->vendor)
            return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevMatchSubsysPCI(virDomainHostdevDefPtr first,
                               virDomainHostdevDefPtr second)
{
    virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIPtr first_pcisrc = &first->source.subsys.u.pci;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIPtr second_pcisrc = &second->source.subsys.u.pci;

    if (first_pcisrc->addr.domain == second_pcisrc->addr.domain &&
        first_pcisrc->addr.bus == second_pcisrc->addr.bus &&
        first_pcisrc->addr.slot == second_pcisrc->addr.slot &&
        first_pcisrc->addr.function == second_pcisrc->addr.function)
        return 1;
    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevMatchSubsysSCSIHost(virDomainHostdevDefPtr first,
                                    virDomainHostdevDefPtr second)
{
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostPtr first_scsihostsrc =
        &first->source.subsys.u.scsi.u.host;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostPtr second_scsihostsrc =
        &second->source.subsys.u.scsi.u.host;

    if (STREQ(first_scsihostsrc->adapter, second_scsihostsrc->adapter) &&
        first_scsihostsrc->bus == second_scsihostsrc->bus &&
        first_scsihostsrc->target == second_scsihostsrc->target &&
        first_scsihostsrc->unit == second_scsihostsrc->unit)
        return 1;
    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevMatchSubsysSCSIiSCSI(virDomainHostdevDefPtr first,
                                     virDomainHostdevDefPtr second)
{
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIiSCSIPtr first_iscsisrc =
        &first->source.subsys.u.scsi.u.iscsi;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIiSCSIPtr second_iscsisrc =
        &second->source.subsys.u.scsi.u.iscsi;

    if (STREQ(first_iscsisrc->src->hosts[0].name, second_iscsisrc->src->hosts[0].name) &&
        first_iscsisrc->src->hosts[0].port == second_iscsisrc->src->hosts[0].port &&
        STREQ(first_iscsisrc->src->path, second_iscsisrc->src->path))
        return 1;
    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevMatchSubsysMediatedDev(virDomainHostdevDefPtr a,
                                       virDomainHostdevDefPtr b)
{
    virDomainHostdevSubsysMediatedDevPtr src_a = &a->source.subsys.u.mdev;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysMediatedDevPtr src_b = &b->source.subsys.u.mdev;

    if (STREQ(src_a->uuidstr, src_b->uuidstr))
        return 1;

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevMatchSubsys(virDomainHostdevDefPtr a,
                            virDomainHostdevDefPtr b)
{
    if (a->source.subsys.type != b->source.subsys.type)
        return 0;

    switch ((virDomainHostdevSubsysType) a->source.subsys.type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_PCI:
        return virDomainHostdevMatchSubsysPCI(a, b);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB:
        return virDomainHostdevMatchSubsysUSB(a, b);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI:
        if (a->source.subsys.u.scsi.protocol !=
            b->source.subsys.u.scsi.protocol)
            return 0;
        if (a->source.subsys.u.scsi.protocol ==
            VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SCSI_PROTOCOL_TYPE_ISCSI)
            return virDomainHostdevMatchSubsysSCSIiSCSI(a, b);
        else
            return virDomainHostdevMatchSubsysSCSIHost(a, b);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI_HOST:
        if (a->source.subsys.u.scsi_host.protocol !=
            b->source.subsys.u.scsi_host.protocol)
            return 0;
        if (STREQ(a->source.subsys.u.scsi_host.wwpn,
                  b->source.subsys.u.scsi_host.wwpn))
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV:
        return virDomainHostdevMatchSubsysMediatedDev(a, b);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_LAST:
        return 0;
    }
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainHostdevMatchCapsStorage(virDomainHostdevDefPtr a,
                                 virDomainHostdevDefPtr b)
{
    return STREQ_NULLABLE(a->source.caps.u.storage.block,
                          b->source.caps.u.storage.block);
}


static int
virDomainHostdevMatchCapsMisc(virDomainHostdevDefPtr a,
                              virDomainHostdevDefPtr b)
{
    return STREQ_NULLABLE(a->source.caps.u.misc.chardev,
                          b->source.caps.u.misc.chardev);
}

static int
virDomainHostdevMatchCapsNet(virDomainHostdevDefPtr a,
                              virDomainHostdevDefPtr b)
{
    return STREQ_NULLABLE(a->source.caps.u.net.ifname,
                          b->source.caps.u.net.ifname);
}


static int
virDomainHostdevMatchCaps(virDomainHostdevDefPtr a,
                          virDomainHostdevDefPtr b)
{
    if (a->source.caps.type != b->source.caps.type)
        return 0;

    switch (a->source.caps.type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_STORAGE:
        return virDomainHostdevMatchCapsStorage(a, b);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_MISC:
        return virDomainHostdevMatchCapsMisc(a, b);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_NET:
        return virDomainHostdevMatchCapsNet(a, b);
    }
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainHostdevMatch(virDomainHostdevDefPtr a,
                      virDomainHostdevDefPtr b)
{
    if (a->mode != b->mode)
        return 0;

    switch (a->mode) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS:
        return virDomainHostdevMatchSubsys(a, b);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_CAPABILITIES:
        return virDomainHostdevMatchCaps(a, b);
    }
    return 0;
}

/* Find an entry in hostdevs that matches the source spec in
 * @match. return pointer to the entry in @found (if found is
 * non-NULL). Returns index (within hostdevs) of matched entry, or -1
 * if no match was found.
 */
int
virDomainHostdevFind(virDomainDefPtr def,
                     virDomainHostdevDefPtr match,
                     virDomainHostdevDefPtr *found)
{
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr local_found;
    size_t i;

    if (!found)
        found = &local_found;
    *found = NULL;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nhostdevs; i++) {
        if (virDomainHostdevMatch(match, def->hostdevs[i])) {
            *found = def->hostdevs[i];
            break;
        }
    }
    return *found ? i : -1;
}

static bool
virDomainDiskControllerMatch(int controller_type, int disk_bus)
{
    if (controller_type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SCSI &&
        disk_bus == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SCSI)
        return true;

    if (controller_type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_FDC &&
        disk_bus == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_FDC)
        return true;

    if (controller_type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_IDE &&
        disk_bus == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_IDE)
        return true;

    if (controller_type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SATA &&
        disk_bus == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SATA)
        return true;

    return false;
}


int
virDomainDiskIndexByAddress(virDomainDefPtr def,
                            virPCIDeviceAddressPtr pci_address,
                            unsigned int bus, unsigned int target,
                            unsigned int unit)
{
    virDomainDiskDefPtr vdisk;
    virDomainControllerDefPtr controller = NULL;
    size_t i;
    int cidx;

    if ((cidx = virDomainControllerFindByPCIAddress(def, pci_address)) >= 0)
        controller = def->controllers[cidx];

    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        vdisk = def->disks[i];
        if (vdisk->info.type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_PCI &&
            virPCIDeviceAddressEqual(&vdisk->info.addr.pci, pci_address))
            return i;
        if (vdisk->info.type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE) {
            virDomainDeviceDriveAddressPtr drive = &vdisk->info.addr.drive;
            if (controller &&
                virDomainDiskControllerMatch(controller->type, vdisk->bus) &&
                drive->controller == controller->idx &&
                drive->bus == bus && drive->target == target &&
                drive->unit == unit)
                return i;
        }
    }
    return -1;
}

virDomainDiskDefPtr
virDomainDiskByAddress(virDomainDefPtr def,
                       virPCIDeviceAddressPtr pci_address,
                       unsigned int bus,
                       unsigned int target,
                       unsigned int unit)
{
    int idx = virDomainDiskIndexByAddress(def, pci_address, bus, target, unit);
    return idx < 0 ? NULL : def->disks[idx];
}

int
virDomainDiskIndexByName(virDomainDefPtr def, const char *name,
                         bool allow_ambiguous)
{
    virDomainDiskDefPtr vdisk;
    size_t i;
    int candidate = -1;

    /* We prefer the <target dev='name'/> name (it's shorter, required
     * for all disks, and should be unambiguous), but also support
     * <source file='name'/> (if unambiguous).  Assume dst if there is
     * no leading slash, source name otherwise.  */
    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        vdisk = def->disks[i];
        if (*name != '/') {
            if (STREQ(vdisk->dst, name))
                return i;
        } else if (STREQ_NULLABLE(virDomainDiskGetSource(vdisk), name)) {
            if (allow_ambiguous)
                return i;
            if (candidate >= 0)
                return -1;
            candidate = i;
        }
    }
    return candidate;
}

virDomainDiskDefPtr
virDomainDiskByName(virDomainDefPtr def,
                    const char *name,
                    bool allow_ambiguous)
{
    int idx = virDomainDiskIndexByName(def, name, allow_ambiguous);
    return idx < 0 ? NULL : def->disks[idx];
}


virDomainDiskDefPtr
virDomainDiskByTarget(virDomainDefPtr def,
                      const char *dst)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        if (STREQ(def->disks[i]->dst, dst))
            return def->disks[i];
    }

    return NULL;
}


int virDomainDiskInsert(virDomainDefPtr def,
                        virDomainDiskDefPtr disk)
{
    if (VIR_REALLOC_N(def->disks, def->ndisks+1) < 0)
        return -1;

    virDomainDiskInsertPreAlloced(def, disk);

    return 0;
}

void virDomainDiskInsertPreAlloced(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                   virDomainDiskDefPtr disk)
{
    int idx;
    /* Tentatively plan to insert disk at the end. */
    int insertAt = -1;

    /* Then work backwards looking for disks on
     * the same bus. If we find a disk with a drive
     * index greater than the new one, insert at
     * that position
     */
    for (idx = (def->ndisks - 1); idx >= 0; idx--) {
        /* If bus matches and current disk is after
         * new disk, then new disk should go here */
        if (def->disks[idx]->bus == disk->bus &&
            (virDiskNameToIndex(def->disks[idx]->dst) >
             virDiskNameToIndex(disk->dst))) {
            insertAt = idx;
        } else if (def->disks[idx]->bus == disk->bus &&
                   insertAt == -1) {
            /* Last disk with match bus is before the
             * new disk, then put new disk just after
             */
            insertAt = idx + 1;
        }
    }

    /* VIR_INSERT_ELEMENT_INPLACE will never return an error here. */
    ignore_value(VIR_INSERT_ELEMENT_INPLACE(def->disks, insertAt,
                                            def->ndisks, disk));
}


virDomainDiskDefPtr
virDomainDiskRemove(virDomainDefPtr def, size_t i)
{
    virDomainDiskDefPtr disk = def->disks[i];

    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->disks, i, def->ndisks);
    return disk;
}

virDomainDiskDefPtr
virDomainDiskRemoveByName(virDomainDefPtr def, const char *name)
{
    int idx = virDomainDiskIndexByName(def, name, false);
    if (idx < 0)
        return NULL;
    return virDomainDiskRemove(def, idx);
}

int virDomainNetInsert(virDomainDefPtr def, virDomainNetDefPtr net)
{
    /* hostdev net devices must also exist in the hostdevs array */
    if (net->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV &&
        virDomainHostdevInsert(def, &net->data.hostdev.def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->nets, def->nnets, net) < 0) {
        /* virDomainHostdevInsert just appends new hostdevs, so we are sure
         * that the hostdev we've added a few lines above is at the end of
         * array. Although, devices are indexed from zero ... */
        virDomainHostdevRemove(def, def->nhostdevs - 1);
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

/**
 * virDomainNetFindIdx:
 * @def: domain definition
 * @net: interface definition
 *
 * Lookup domain's network interface based on passed @net
 * definition. If @net's MAC address was auto generated,
 * the MAC comparison is ignored.
 *
 * Return: index of match if unique match found,
 *         -1 otherwise and an error is logged.
 */
int
virDomainNetFindIdx(virDomainDefPtr def, virDomainNetDefPtr net)
{
    size_t i;
    int matchidx = -1;
    char mac[VIR_MAC_STRING_BUFLEN];
    bool MACAddrSpecified = !net->mac_generated;
    bool PCIAddrSpecified = virDomainDeviceAddressIsValid(&net->info,
                                                          VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_PCI);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nnets; i++) {
        if (MACAddrSpecified &&
            virMacAddrCmp(&def->nets[i]->mac, &net->mac) != 0)
            continue;

        if (PCIAddrSpecified &&
            !virPCIDeviceAddressEqual(&def->nets[i]->info.addr.pci,
                                      &net->info.addr.pci))
            continue;

        if (matchidx >= 0) {
            /* there were multiple matches on mac address, and no
             * qualifying guest-side PCI address was given, so we must
             * fail (NB: a USB address isn't adequate, since it may
             * specify only vendor and product ID, and there may be
             * multiples of those.
             */
            if (MACAddrSpecified) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_FAILED,
                               _("multiple devices matching MAC address %s found"),
                               virMacAddrFormat(&net->mac, mac));
            } else {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_FAILED, "%s",
                               _("multiple matching devices found"));
            }

            return -1;
        }

        matchidx = i;
    }

    if (matchidx < 0) {
        if (MACAddrSpecified && PCIAddrSpecified) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_DEVICE_MISSING,
                           _("no device matching MAC address %s found on "
                             VIR_PCI_DEVICE_ADDRESS_FMT),
                           virMacAddrFormat(&net->mac, mac),
                           net->info.addr.pci.domain,
                           net->info.addr.pci.bus,
                           net->info.addr.pci.slot,
                           net->info.addr.pci.function);
        } else if (PCIAddrSpecified) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_DEVICE_MISSING,
                           _("no device found on " VIR_PCI_DEVICE_ADDRESS_FMT),
                           net->info.addr.pci.domain,
                           net->info.addr.pci.bus,
                           net->info.addr.pci.slot,
                           net->info.addr.pci.function);
        } else if (MACAddrSpecified) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_DEVICE_MISSING,
                           _("no device matching MAC address %s found"),
                           virMacAddrFormat(&net->mac, mac));
        } else {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_DEVICE_MISSING, "%s",
                           _("no matching device found"));
        }
    }
    return matchidx;
}

bool
virDomainHasNet(virDomainDefPtr def, virDomainNetDefPtr net)
{
    size_t i;
    bool PCIAddrSpecified = virDomainDeviceAddressIsValid(&net->info,
                                                          VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_PCI);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nnets; i++) {
        if (virMacAddrCmp(&def->nets[i]->mac, &net->mac))
            continue;

        if (PCIAddrSpecified) {
            if (virPCIDeviceAddressEqual(&def->nets[i]->info.addr.pci,
                                         &net->info.addr.pci))
                return true;
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

void
virDomainNetRemoveHostdev(virDomainDefPtr def,
                          virDomainNetDefPtr net)
{
    /* hostdev net devices are normally in the hostdevs array, but
     * might have already been removed by the time we get here */
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev = virDomainNetGetActualHostdev(net);
    size_t i;

    if (hostdev) {
        for (i = 0; i < def->nhostdevs; i++) {
            if (def->hostdevs[i] == hostdev) {
                virDomainHostdevRemove(def, i);
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}


virDomainNetDefPtr
virDomainNetRemove(virDomainDefPtr def, size_t i)
{
    virDomainNetDefPtr net = def->nets[i];

    virDomainNetRemoveHostdev(def, net);
    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->nets, i, def->nnets);
    return net;
}


int
virDomainNetUpdate(virDomainDefPtr def,
                   size_t netidx,
                   virDomainNetDefPtr newnet)
{
    size_t hostdevidx;
    virDomainNetDefPtr oldnet = def->nets[netidx];
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr oldhostdev = virDomainNetGetActualHostdev(oldnet);
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr newhostdev = virDomainNetGetActualHostdev(newnet);

    /*
     * if newnet or oldnet has a valid hostdev*, we need to update the
     * hostdevs list
     */
    if (oldhostdev) {
        for (hostdevidx = 0; hostdevidx < def->nhostdevs; hostdevidx++) {
            if (def->hostdevs[hostdevidx] == oldhostdev)
                break;
        }
    }

    if (oldhostdev && hostdevidx < def->nhostdevs) {
        if (newhostdev) {
            /* update existing entry in def->hostdevs */
            def->hostdevs[hostdevidx] = newhostdev;
        } else {
            /* delete oldhostdev from def->hostdevs */
            virDomainHostdevRemove(def, hostdevidx);
        }
    } else if (newhostdev) {
        /* add newhostdev to end of def->hostdevs */
        if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->hostdevs, def->nhostdevs, newhostdev) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    def->nets[netidx] = newnet;
    return 0;
}


int
virDomainNetDHCPInterfaces(virDomainDefPtr def,
                           virDomainInterfacePtr **ifaces)
{
    g_autoptr(virConnect) conn = NULL;
    virDomainInterfacePtr *ifaces_ret = NULL;
    size_t ifaces_count = 0;
    size_t i;

    if (!(conn = virGetConnectNetwork()))
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nnets; i++) {
        g_autoptr(virNetwork) network = NULL;
        char macaddr[VIR_MAC_STRING_BUFLEN];
        virNetworkDHCPLeasePtr *leases = NULL;
        int n_leases = 0;
        virDomainInterfacePtr iface = NULL;
        size_t j;

        if (def->nets[i]->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK)
            continue;

        virMacAddrFormat(&(def->nets[i]->mac), macaddr);

        network = virNetworkLookupByName(conn,
                                         def->nets[i]->data.network.name);
        if (!network)
            goto error;

        if ((n_leases = virNetworkGetDHCPLeases(network, macaddr,
                                                &leases, 0)) < 0)
            goto error;

        if (n_leases) {
            ifaces_ret = g_renew(typeof(*ifaces_ret), ifaces_ret, ifaces_count + 1);
            ifaces_ret[ifaces_count] = g_new0(typeof(**ifaces_ret), 1);
            iface = ifaces_ret[ifaces_count];
            ifaces_count++;

            /* Assuming each lease corresponds to a separate IP */
            iface->naddrs = n_leases;
            iface->addrs = g_new0(typeof(*iface->addrs), iface->naddrs);
            iface->name = g_strdup(def->nets[i]->ifname);
            iface->hwaddr = g_strdup(macaddr);
        }

        for (j = 0; j < n_leases; j++) {
            virNetworkDHCPLeasePtr lease = leases[j];
            virDomainIPAddressPtr ip_addr = &iface->addrs[j];

            ip_addr->addr = g_strdup(lease->ipaddr);
            ip_addr->type = lease->type;
            ip_addr->prefix = lease->prefix;

            virNetworkDHCPLeaseFree(lease);
        }

        VIR_FREE(leases);
    }

    *ifaces = g_steal_pointer(&ifaces_ret);
    return ifaces_count;

 error:
    if (ifaces_ret) {
        for (i = 0; i < ifaces_count; i++)
            virDomainInterfaceFree(ifaces_ret[i]);
    }
    VIR_FREE(ifaces_ret);

    return -1;
}


int
virDomainNetARPInterfaces(virDomainDefPtr def,
                          virDomainInterfacePtr **ifaces)
{
    size_t i, j;
    size_t ifaces_count = 0;
    int ret = -1;
    char macaddr[VIR_MAC_STRING_BUFLEN];
    virDomainInterfacePtr *ifaces_ret = NULL;
    virDomainInterfacePtr iface = NULL;
    virArpTablePtr table;

    table = virArpTableGet();
    if (!table)
        goto cleanup;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nnets; i++) {
        virMacAddrFormat(&(def->nets[i]->mac), macaddr);
        for (j = 0; j < table->n; j++) {
            virArpTableEntry entry = table->t[j];

            if (STREQ(entry.mac, macaddr)) {
                if (VIR_ALLOC(iface) < 0)
                    goto cleanup;

                iface->name = g_strdup(def->nets[i]->ifname);

                iface->hwaddr = g_strdup(macaddr);

                if (VIR_ALLOC(iface->addrs) < 0)
                    goto cleanup;
                iface->naddrs = 1;

                iface->addrs->addr = g_strdup(entry.ipaddr);

                if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(ifaces_ret, ifaces_count, iface) < 0)
                    goto cleanup;
            }
        }
    }

    *ifaces = g_steal_pointer(&ifaces_ret);
    ret = ifaces_count;

 cleanup:
    virArpTableFree(table);
    virDomainInterfaceFree(iface);

    if (ifaces_ret) {
        for (i = 0; i < ifaces_count; i++)
            virDomainInterfaceFree(ifaces_ret[i]);
    }
    VIR_FREE(ifaces_ret);

    return ret;
}


int virDomainControllerInsert(virDomainDefPtr def,
                              virDomainControllerDefPtr controller)
{
    if (VIR_REALLOC_N(def->controllers, def->ncontrollers+1) < 0)
        return -1;

    virDomainControllerInsertPreAlloced(def, controller);

    return 0;
}

void virDomainControllerInsertPreAlloced(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                         virDomainControllerDefPtr controller)
{
    int idx;
    /* Tentatively plan to insert controller at the end. */
    int insertAt = -1;
    virDomainControllerDefPtr current = NULL;

    /* Then work backwards looking for controllers of
     * the same type. If we find a controller with a
     * index greater than the new one, insert at
     * that position
     */
    for (idx = (def->ncontrollers - 1); idx >= 0; idx--) {
        current = def->controllers[idx];
        if (current->type == controller->type) {
            if (controller->idx == -1) {
                /* If the new controller doesn't have an index set
                 * yet, put it just past this controller, which until
                 * now was the last controller of this type.
                 */
                insertAt = idx + 1;
                break;
            }
            if (current->idx > controller->idx) {
                /* If bus matches and current controller is after
                 * new controller, then new controller should go here
                 * */
                insertAt = idx;
            } else if (controller->info.mastertype == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MASTER_NONE &&
                       current->info.mastertype != VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MASTER_NONE &&
                       current->idx == controller->idx) {
                /* If bus matches and index matches and new controller is
                 * master and current isn't a master, then new controller
                 * should go here to be placed before its companion
                 */
                insertAt = idx;
            } else if (insertAt == -1) {
                /* Last controller with match bus is before the
                 * new controller, then put new controller just after
                 */
                insertAt = idx + 1;
            }
        }
    }

    /* VIR_INSERT_ELEMENT_INPLACE will never return an error here. */
    ignore_value(VIR_INSERT_ELEMENT_INPLACE(def->controllers, insertAt,
                                            def->ncontrollers, controller));
}

int
virDomainControllerFind(const virDomainDef *def,
                        int type,
                        int idx)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++) {
        if ((def->controllers[i]->type == type) &&
            (def->controllers[i]->idx == idx)) {
            return i;
        }
    }

    return -1;
}


int
virDomainControllerFindUnusedIndex(virDomainDef const *def, int type)
{
    int idx = 0;

    while (virDomainControllerFind(def, type, idx) >= 0)
        idx++;

    return idx;
}


const char *
virDomainControllerAliasFind(const virDomainDef *def,
                             int type,
                             int idx)
{
    int contIndex;
    const char *contTypeStr = virDomainControllerTypeToString(type);

    if (!contTypeStr) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Unknown controller type %d"),
                       type);
        return NULL;
    }

    contIndex = virDomainControllerFind(def, type, idx);
    if (contIndex < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Could not find %s controller with index %d "
                         "required for device"),
                       contTypeStr, idx);
        return NULL;
    }
    if (!def->controllers[contIndex]->info.alias) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Device alias was not set for %s controller "
                         "with index %d "),
                       contTypeStr, idx);
        return NULL;
    }
    return def->controllers[contIndex]->info.alias;
}


int
virDomainControllerFindByType(virDomainDefPtr def,
                              int type)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++) {
        if (def->controllers[i]->type == type)
            return i;
    }

    return -1;
}

int
virDomainControllerFindByPCIAddress(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                    virPCIDeviceAddressPtr addr)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++) {
        virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info = &def->controllers[i]->info;

        if (info->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_PCI &&
            virPCIDeviceAddressEqual(&info->addr.pci, addr))
            return i;
    }

    return -1;
}

virDomainControllerDefPtr
virDomainControllerRemove(virDomainDefPtr def, size_t i)
{
    virDomainControllerDefPtr controller = def->controllers[i];

    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->controllers, i, def->ncontrollers);
    return controller;
}

int virDomainLeaseIndex(virDomainDefPtr def,
                        virDomainLeaseDefPtr lease)
{
    virDomainLeaseDefPtr vlease;
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nleases; i++) {
        vlease = def->leases[i];
        /* Either both must have lockspaces present which match.. */
        if (vlease->lockspace && lease->lockspace) {
            if (STRNEQ(vlease->lockspace, lease->lockspace))
                continue;
        /* ...or neither must have a lockspace present */
        } else if (vlease->lockspace || lease->lockspace) {
            continue;
        }

        if (STREQ(vlease->key, lease->key))
            return i;
    }
    return -1;
}


int virDomainLeaseInsertPreAlloc(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    return VIR_EXPAND_N(def->leases, def->nleases, 1);
}

int virDomainLeaseInsert(virDomainDefPtr def,
                         virDomainLeaseDefPtr lease)
{
    if (virDomainLeaseInsertPreAlloc(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    virDomainLeaseInsertPreAlloced(def, lease);
    return 0;
}


void virDomainLeaseInsertPreAlloced(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                    virDomainLeaseDefPtr lease)
{
    if (lease == NULL)
        VIR_SHRINK_N(def->leases, def->nleases, 1);
    else
        def->leases[def->nleases-1] = lease;
}


virDomainLeaseDefPtr
virDomainLeaseRemoveAt(virDomainDefPtr def, size_t i)
{
    virDomainLeaseDefPtr lease = def->leases[i];

    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->leases, i, def->nleases);
    return lease;
}


virDomainLeaseDefPtr
virDomainLeaseRemove(virDomainDefPtr def,
                     virDomainLeaseDefPtr lease)
{
    int idx = virDomainLeaseIndex(def, lease);
    if (idx < 0)
        return NULL;
    return virDomainLeaseRemoveAt(def, idx);
}

bool
virDomainChrEquals(virDomainChrDefPtr src,
                   virDomainChrDefPtr tgt)
{
    if (!src || !tgt)
        return src == tgt;

    if (src->deviceType != tgt->deviceType ||
        !virDomainChrSourceDefIsEqual(src->source, tgt->source))
        return false;

    switch ((virDomainChrDeviceType) src->deviceType) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CHANNEL:
        if (src->targetType != tgt->targetType)
            return false;
        switch ((virDomainChrChannelTargetType) src->targetType) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_XEN:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO:
            return STREQ_NULLABLE(src->target.name, tgt->target.name);
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_GUESTFWD:
            if (!src->target.addr || !tgt->target.addr)
                return src->target.addr == tgt->target.addr;
            return memcmp(src->target.addr, tgt->target.addr,
                          sizeof(*src->target.addr)) == 0;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_NONE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_LAST:
            /* shouldn't happen */
            break;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL:
        if (src->targetType != tgt->targetType)
            return false;

        G_GNUC_FALLTHROUGH;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_PARALLEL:
        return src->target.port == tgt->target.port;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_LAST:
        /* shouldn't happen */
        break;
    }
    return false;
}

virDomainChrDefPtr
virDomainChrFind(virDomainDefPtr def,
                 virDomainChrDefPtr target)
{
    virDomainChrDefPtr chr;
    const virDomainChrDef **arrPtr;
    size_t i, cnt;

    virDomainChrGetDomainPtrs(def, target->deviceType, &arrPtr, &cnt);

    for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
        /* Cast away const */
        chr = (virDomainChrDefPtr) arrPtr[i];
        if (virDomainChrEquals(chr, target))
            return chr;
    }
    return NULL;
}


/* Return the address within vmdef to be modified when working with a
 * chrdefptr of the given type.  */
static int G_GNUC_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
virDomainChrGetDomainPtrsInternal(virDomainDefPtr vmdef,
                                  virDomainChrDeviceType type,
                                  virDomainChrDefPtr ***arrPtr,
                                  size_t **cntPtr)
{
    switch (type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_PARALLEL:
        *arrPtr = &vmdef->parallels;
        *cntPtr = &vmdef->nparallels;
        return 0;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL:
        *arrPtr = &vmdef->serials;
        *cntPtr = &vmdef->nserials;
        return 0;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE:
        *arrPtr = &vmdef->consoles;
        *cntPtr = &vmdef->nconsoles;
        return 0;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CHANNEL:
        *arrPtr = &vmdef->channels;
        *cntPtr = &vmdef->nchannels;
        return 0;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                   _("Unknown char device type: %d"), type);
    return -1;
}


/* Return the array within vmdef that can contain a chrdefptr of the
 * given type.  */
void
virDomainChrGetDomainPtrs(const virDomainDef *vmdef,
                          virDomainChrDeviceType type,
                          const virDomainChrDef ***arrPtr,
                          size_t *cntPtr)
{
    virDomainChrDef ***arrVar = NULL;
    size_t *cntVar = NULL;

    /* Cast away const; we add it back in the final assignment.  */
    if (virDomainChrGetDomainPtrsInternal((virDomainDefPtr) vmdef, type,
                                          &arrVar, &cntVar) < 0) {
        *arrPtr = NULL;
        *cntPtr = 0;
    } else {
        *arrPtr = (const virDomainChrDef **) *arrVar;
        *cntPtr = *cntVar;
    }
}


int
virDomainChrPreAlloc(virDomainDefPtr vmdef,
                     virDomainChrDefPtr chr)
{
    virDomainChrDefPtr **arrPtr = NULL;
    size_t *cntPtr = NULL;

    if (virDomainChrGetDomainPtrsInternal(vmdef, chr->deviceType,
                                          &arrPtr, &cntPtr) < 0)
        return -1;

    return VIR_REALLOC_N(*arrPtr, *cntPtr + 1);
}

void
virDomainChrInsertPreAlloced(virDomainDefPtr vmdef,
                             virDomainChrDefPtr chr)
{
    virDomainChrDefPtr **arrPtr = NULL;
    size_t *cntPtr = NULL;

    if (virDomainChrGetDomainPtrsInternal(vmdef, chr->deviceType,
                                          &arrPtr, &cntPtr) < 0)
        return;

    VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT_INPLACE(*arrPtr, *cntPtr, chr);
}

virDomainChrDefPtr
virDomainChrRemove(virDomainDefPtr vmdef,
                   virDomainChrDefPtr chr)
{
    virDomainChrDefPtr ret = NULL, **arrPtr = NULL;
    size_t i, *cntPtr = NULL;

    if (virDomainChrGetDomainPtrsInternal(vmdef, chr->deviceType,
                                          &arrPtr, &cntPtr) < 0)
        return NULL;

    for (i = 0; i < *cntPtr; i++) {
        ret = (*arrPtr)[i];

        if (virDomainChrEquals(ret, chr))
            break;
    }

    if (i == *cntPtr)
        return NULL;

    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(*arrPtr, i, *cntPtr);
    return ret;
}


ssize_t
virDomainRNGFind(virDomainDefPtr def,
                 virDomainRNGDefPtr rng)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nrngs; i++) {
        virDomainRNGDefPtr tmp = def->rngs[i];

        if (rng->model != tmp->model || rng->backend != tmp->backend)
            continue;

        if (rng->rate != tmp->rate || rng->period != tmp->period)
            continue;

        switch ((virDomainRNGBackend) rng->backend) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_RANDOM:
            if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(rng->source.file, tmp->source.file))
                continue;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_EGD:
            if (!virDomainChrSourceDefIsEqual(rng->source.chardev,
                                              tmp->source.chardev))
                continue;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_BUILTIN:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_LAST:
            break;
        }

        if (rng->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
            !virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual(&rng->info, &tmp->info))
            continue;

        break;
    }

    if (i < def->nrngs)
        return i;

    return -1;
}


virDomainRNGDefPtr
virDomainRNGRemove(virDomainDefPtr def,
                   size_t idx)
{
    virDomainRNGDefPtr ret = def->rngs[idx];

    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->rngs, idx, def->nrngs);

    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainMemoryFindByDefInternal(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                 virDomainMemoryDefPtr mem,
                                 bool allowAddressFallback)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nmems; i++) {
        virDomainMemoryDefPtr tmp = def->mems[i];

        /* address, if present */
        if (allowAddressFallback) {
            if (tmp->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE)
                continue;
        } else {
            if (mem->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
                !virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual(&tmp->info, &mem->info))
                continue;
        }

        /* alias, if present */
        if (mem->info.alias &&
            STRNEQ_NULLABLE(tmp->info.alias, mem->info.alias))
            continue;

        /* target info -> always present */
        if (tmp->model != mem->model ||
            tmp->targetNode != mem->targetNode ||
            tmp->size != mem->size)
            continue;

        switch ((virDomainMemoryModel) mem->model) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_DIMM:
            /* source stuff -> match with device */
            if (tmp->pagesize != mem->pagesize)
                continue;

            if (!virBitmapEqual(tmp->sourceNodes, mem->sourceNodes))
                continue;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NVDIMM:
            if (STRNEQ(tmp->nvdimmPath, mem->nvdimmPath))
                continue;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NONE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_LAST:
            break;
        }

        break;
    }

    if (i == def->nmems)
        return -1;

    return i;
}


int
virDomainMemoryFindByDef(virDomainDefPtr def,
                         virDomainMemoryDefPtr mem)
{
    return virDomainMemoryFindByDefInternal(def, mem, false);
}


int
virDomainMemoryFindInactiveByDef(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                 virDomainMemoryDefPtr mem)
{
    int ret;

    if ((ret = virDomainMemoryFindByDefInternal(def, mem, false)) < 0)
        ret = virDomainMemoryFindByDefInternal(def, mem, true);

    return ret;
}


/**
 * virDomainMemoryInsert:
 *
 * Inserts a memory device definition into the domain definition. This helper
 * should be used only in hot/cold-plug cases as it's blindly modifying the
 * total memory size.
 */
int
virDomainMemoryInsert(virDomainDefPtr def,
                      virDomainMemoryDefPtr mem)
{
    unsigned long long memory = virDomainDefGetMemoryTotal(def);
    int id = def->nmems;

    if (mem->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
        virDomainDefHasDeviceAddress(def, &mem->info)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_INVALID, "%s",
                       _("Domain already contains a device with the same "
                         "address"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT_COPY(def->mems, def->nmems, mem) < 0)
        return -1;

    virDomainDefSetMemoryTotal(def, memory + mem->size);

    return id;
}


/**
 * virDomainMemoryRemove:
 *
 * Removes a memory device definition from the domain definition. This helper
 * should be used only in hot/cold-plug cases as it's blindly modifying the
 * total memory size.
 */
virDomainMemoryDefPtr
virDomainMemoryRemove(virDomainDefPtr def,
                      int idx)
{
    unsigned long long memory = virDomainDefGetMemoryTotal(def);
    virDomainMemoryDefPtr ret = def->mems[idx];

    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->mems, idx, def->nmems);

    /* fix total memory size of the domain */
    virDomainDefSetMemoryTotal(def, memory - ret->size);

    return ret;
}


ssize_t
virDomainRedirdevDefFind(virDomainDefPtr def,
                         virDomainRedirdevDefPtr redirdev)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nredirdevs; i++) {
        virDomainRedirdevDefPtr tmp = def->redirdevs[i];

        if (redirdev->bus != tmp->bus)
            continue;

        if (!virDomainChrSourceDefIsEqual(redirdev->source, tmp->source))
            continue;

        if (redirdev->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
            !virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual(&redirdev->info, &tmp->info))
            continue;

        if (redirdev->info.alias &&
            STRNEQ_NULLABLE(redirdev->info.alias, tmp->info.alias))
            continue;

        return i;
    }

    return -1;
}


virDomainRedirdevDefPtr
virDomainRedirdevDefRemove(virDomainDefPtr def, size_t idx)
{
    virDomainRedirdevDefPtr ret = def->redirdevs[idx];

    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->redirdevs, idx, def->nredirdevs);

    return ret;
}


int
virDomainShmemDefInsert(virDomainDefPtr def,
                        virDomainShmemDefPtr shmem)
{
    return VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->shmems, def->nshmems, shmem);
}


bool
virDomainShmemDefEquals(virDomainShmemDefPtr src,
                        virDomainShmemDefPtr dst)
{
    if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(src->name, dst->name))
        return false;

    if (src->size != dst->size)
        return false;

    if (src->model != dst->model)
        return false;

    if (src->server.enabled != dst->server.enabled)
        return false;

    if (src->server.enabled) {
        if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(src->server.chr.data.nix.path,
                            dst->server.chr.data.nix.path))
            return false;
    }

    if (src->msi.enabled != dst->msi.enabled)
        return false;

    if (src->msi.enabled) {
        if (src->msi.vectors != dst->msi.vectors)
            return false;
        if (src->msi.ioeventfd != dst->msi.ioeventfd)
            return false;
    }

    if (src->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
        !virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


ssize_t
virDomainShmemDefFind(virDomainDefPtr def,
                      virDomainShmemDefPtr shmem)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nshmems; i++) {
        if (virDomainShmemDefEquals(shmem, def->shmems[i]))
            return i;
    }

    return -1;
}


virDomainShmemDefPtr
virDomainShmemDefRemove(virDomainDefPtr def,
                        size_t idx)
{
    virDomainShmemDefPtr ret = def->shmems[idx];

    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->shmems, idx, def->nshmems);

    return ret;
}


static bool
virDomainInputDefEquals(const virDomainInputDef *a,
                        const virDomainInputDef *b)
{
    if (a->type != b->type)
        return false;

    if (a->bus != b->bus)
        return false;

    if (a->type == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH &&
        STRNEQ_NULLABLE(a->source.evdev, b->source.evdev))
        return false;

    if (a->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
        !virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual(&a->info, &b->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


ssize_t
virDomainInputDefFind(const virDomainDef *def,
                      const virDomainInputDef *input)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ninputs; i++) {
        if (virDomainInputDefEquals(input, def->inputs[i]))
            return i;
    }

    return -1;
}


bool
virDomainVsockDefEquals(const virDomainVsockDef *a,
                        const virDomainVsockDef *b)
{
    if (a->model != b->model)
        return false;

    if (a->auto_cid != b->auto_cid)
        return false;

    if (a->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE &&
        !virDomainDeviceInfoAddressIsEqual(&a->info, &b->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


char *
virDomainDefGetDefaultEmulator(virDomainDefPtr def,
                               virCapsPtr caps)
{
    char *retemu;
    g_autofree virCapsDomainDataPtr capsdata = NULL;

    if (!(capsdata = virCapabilitiesDomainDataLookup(caps, def->os.type,
            def->os.arch, def->virtType, NULL, NULL)))
        return NULL;

    retemu = g_strdup(capsdata->emulator);

    return retemu;
}

static int
virDomainDefParseBootXML(xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                         virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    xmlNodePtr node;
    size_t i;
    int n;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;

    /* analysis of the boot devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./os/boot", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < n && i < VIR_DOMAIN_BOOT_LAST; i++) {
        int val;
        char *dev = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "dev");
        if (!dev) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           "%s", _("missing boot device"));
            return -1;
        }
        if ((val = virDomainBootTypeFromString(dev)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown boot device '%s'"),
                           dev);
            VIR_FREE(dev);
            return -1;
        }
        VIR_FREE(dev);
        def->os.bootDevs[def->os.nBootDevs++] = val;
    }

    if ((node = virXPathNode("./os/bootmenu[1]", ctxt))) {
        tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "enable");
        if (tmp) {
            def->os.bootmenu = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(tmp);
            if (def->os.bootmenu <= 0) {
                /* In order not to break misconfigured machines, this
                 * should not emit an error, but rather set the bootmenu
                 * to disabled */
                VIR_WARN("disabling bootmenu due to unknown option '%s'",
                         tmp);
                def->os.bootmenu = VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_NO;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        }

        tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "timeout");
        if (tmp && def->os.bootmenu == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES) {
            if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 0, &def->os.bm_timeout) < 0 ||
                def->os.bm_timeout > 65535) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                               _("invalid value for boot menu timeout, "
                                 "must be in range [0,65535]"));
                return -1;
            }
            def->os.bm_timeout_set = true;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    if ((node = virXPathNode("./os/bios[1]", ctxt))) {
        tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "useserial");
        if (tmp) {
            bool state = false;
            ignore_value(virStringParseYesNo(tmp, &state));
            def->os.bios.useserial = virTristateBoolFromBool(state);
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        }

        tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "rebootTimeout");
        if (tmp) {
            /* that was really just for the check if it is there */

            if (virStrToLong_i(tmp, NULL, 0, &def->os.bios.rt_delay) < 0 ||
                def->os.bios.rt_delay < -1 || def->os.bios.rt_delay > 65535) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                               _("invalid value for rebootTimeout, "
                                 "must be in range [-1,65535]"));
                return -1;
            }
            def->os.bios.rt_set = true;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int virDomainIdMapEntrySort(const void *a, const void *b)
{
    const virDomainIdMapEntry *entrya = a;
    const virDomainIdMapEntry *entryb = b;

    if (entrya->start > entryb->start)
        return 1;
    else if (entrya->start < entryb->start)
        return -1;
    else
        return 0;
}

/* Parse the XML definition for user namespace id map.
 *
 * idmap has the form of
 *
 *   <uid start='0' target='1000' count='10'/>
 *   <gid start='0' target='1000' count='10'/>
 */
static virDomainIdMapEntryPtr
virDomainIdmapDefParseXML(xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                          xmlNodePtr *node,
                          size_t num)
{
    size_t i;
    virDomainIdMapEntryPtr idmap = NULL;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);

    if (VIR_ALLOC_N(idmap, num) < 0)
        return idmap;

    for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
        ctxt->node = node[i];
        if (virXPathUInt("string(./@start)", ctxt, &idmap[i].start) < 0 ||
            virXPathUInt("string(./@target)", ctxt, &idmap[i].target) < 0 ||
            virXPathUInt("string(./@count)", ctxt, &idmap[i].count) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("invalid idmap start/target/count settings"));
            VIR_FREE(idmap);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    qsort(idmap, num, sizeof(idmap[0]), virDomainIdMapEntrySort);

    if (idmap[0].start != 0) {
        /* Root user of container hasn't been mapped to any user of host,
         * return error. */
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("You must map the root user of container"));
        VIR_FREE(idmap);
        return NULL;
    }

    return idmap;
}

/* Parse the XML definition for an IOThread ID
 *
 * Format is :
 *
 *     <iothreads>4</iothreads>
 *     <iothreadids>
 *       <iothread id='1'/>
 *       <iothread id='3'/>
 *       <iothread id='5'/>
 *       <iothread id='7'/>
 *     </iothreadids>
 */
static virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr
virDomainIOThreadIDDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node)
{
    virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr iothrid;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(iothrid) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "id"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing 'id' attribute in <iothread> element"));
        goto error;
    }
    if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &iothrid->iothread_id) < 0 ||
        iothrid->iothread_id == 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("invalid iothread 'id' value '%s'"), tmp);
        goto error;
    }

    return iothrid;

 error:
    virDomainIOThreadIDDefFree(iothrid);
    iothrid = NULL;
    return iothrid;
}


static int
virDomainDefParseIOThreads(virDomainDefPtr def,
                           xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    size_t i;
    int n = 0;
    unsigned int iothreads = 0;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;

    tmp = virXPathString("string(./iothreads[1])", ctxt);
    if (tmp && virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &iothreads) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("invalid iothreads count '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }

    /* Extract any iothread id's defined */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./iothreadids/iothread", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (n > iothreads)
        iothreads = n;

    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->iothreadids, n) < 0)
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr iothrid = NULL;
        if (!(iothrid = virDomainIOThreadIDDefParseXML(nodes[i])))
            return -1;

        if (virDomainIOThreadIDFind(def, iothrid->iothread_id)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                           _("duplicate iothread id '%u' found"),
                           iothrid->iothread_id);
            virDomainIOThreadIDDefFree(iothrid);
            return -1;
        }
        def->iothreadids[def->niothreadids++] = iothrid;
    }

    return virDomainIOThreadIDDefArrayInit(def, iothreads);
}


/* Parse the XML definition for a vcpupin
 *
 * vcpupin has the form of
 *   <vcpupin vcpu='0' cpuset='0'/>
 */
static int
virDomainVcpuPinDefParseXML(virDomainDefPtr def,
                            xmlNodePtr node)
{
    virDomainVcpuDefPtr vcpu;
    unsigned int vcpuid;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "vcpu"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s", _("missing vcpu id in vcpupin"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &vcpuid) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("invalid setting for vcpu '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if (!(vcpu = virDomainDefGetVcpu(def, vcpuid))) {
        VIR_WARN("Ignoring vcpupin for missing vcpus");
        return 0;
    }

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "cpuset"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing cpuset for vcpupin"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (vcpu->cpumask) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("duplicate vcpupin for vcpu '%d'"), vcpuid);
        return -1;
    }

    if (virBitmapParse(tmp, &vcpu->cpumask, VIR_DOMAIN_CPUMASK_LEN) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virBitmapIsAllClear(vcpu->cpumask)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Invalid value of 'cpuset': %s"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


/* Parse the XML definition for a iothreadpin
 * and an iothreadspin has the form
 *   <iothreadpin iothread='1' cpuset='2'/>
 */
static int
virDomainIOThreadPinDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                                virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr iothrid;
    unsigned int iothreadid;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virBitmap) cpumask = NULL;

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "iothread"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing iothread id in iothreadpin"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &iothreadid) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("invalid setting for iothread '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if (iothreadid == 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("zero is an invalid iothread id value"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(iothrid = virDomainIOThreadIDFind(def, iothreadid))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Cannot find 'iothread' : %u"),
                       iothreadid);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "cpuset"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing cpuset for iothreadpin"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virBitmapParse(tmp, &cpumask, VIR_DOMAIN_CPUMASK_LEN) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virBitmapIsAllClear(cpumask)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Invalid value of 'cpuset': %s"),
                       tmp);
        return -1;
    }

    if (iothrid->cpumask) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("duplicate iothreadpin for same iothread '%u'"),
                       iothreadid);
        return -1;
    }

    iothrid->cpumask = g_steal_pointer(&cpumask);
    return 0;
}


/* Parse the XML definition for emulatorpin.
 * emulatorpin has the form of
 *   <emulatorpin cpuset='0'/>
 */
static virBitmapPtr
virDomainEmulatorPinDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node)
{
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virBitmap) def = NULL;

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "cpuset"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("missing cpuset for emulatorpin"));
        return NULL;
    }

    if (virBitmapParse(tmp, &def, VIR_DOMAIN_CPUMASK_LEN) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virBitmapIsAllClear(def)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Invalid value of 'cpuset': %s"), tmp);
        return NULL;
    }

    return g_steal_pointer(&def);
}


virDomainControllerDefPtr
virDomainDefAddController(virDomainDefPtr def, int type, int idx, int model)
{
    virDomainControllerDefPtr cont;

    if (!(cont = virDomainControllerDefNew(type)))
        return NULL;

    if (idx < 0)
        idx = virDomainControllerFindUnusedIndex(def, type);

    cont->idx = idx;
    cont->model = model;

    if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT_COPY(def->controllers, def->ncontrollers, cont) < 0) {
        VIR_FREE(cont);
        return NULL;
    }

    return cont;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefAddUSBController:
 * @def:   the domain
 * @idx:   index for new controller (or -1 for "lowest unused index")
 * @model: VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_* or -1
 *
 * Add a USB controller of the specified model (or default model for
 * current machinetype if model == -1). If model is ich9-usb-ehci,
 * also add companion uhci1, uhci2, and uhci3 controllers at the same
 * index.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
 */
int
virDomainDefAddUSBController(virDomainDefPtr def, int idx, int model)
{
    virDomainControllerDefPtr cont; /* this is a *copy* of the DefPtr */

    cont = virDomainDefAddController(def, VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB,
                                     idx, model);
    if (!cont)
        return -1;

    if (model != VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_ICH9_EHCI1)
        return 0;

    /* When the initial controller is ich9-usb-ehci, also add the
     * companion controllers
     */

    idx = cont->idx; /* in case original request was "-1" */

    if (!(cont = virDomainDefAddController(def, VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB,
                                           idx, VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_ICH9_UHCI1)))
        return -1;
    cont->info.mastertype = VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MASTER_USB;
    cont->info.master.usb.startport = 0;

    if (!(cont = virDomainDefAddController(def, VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB,
                                           idx, VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_ICH9_UHCI2)))
        return -1;
    cont->info.mastertype = VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MASTER_USB;
    cont->info.master.usb.startport = 2;

    if (!(cont = virDomainDefAddController(def, VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB,
                                           idx, VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_ICH9_UHCI3)))
        return -1;
    cont->info.mastertype = VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MASTER_USB;
    cont->info.master.usb.startport = 4;

    return 0;
}


int
virDomainDefMaybeAddController(virDomainDefPtr def,
                               int type,
                               int idx,
                               int model)
{
    /* skip if a specific index was given and it is already
     * in use for that type of controller
     */
    if (idx >= 0 && virDomainControllerFind(def, type, idx) >= 0)
        return 0;

    if (virDomainDefAddController(def, type, idx, model))
        return 1;
    return -1;
}


int
virDomainDefMaybeAddInput(virDomainDefPtr def,
                          int type,
                          int bus)
{
    size_t i;
    virDomainInputDefPtr input;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ninputs; i++) {
        if (def->inputs[i]->type == type &&
            def->inputs[i]->bus == bus)
            return 0;
    }

    if (VIR_ALLOC(input) < 0)
        return -1;

    input->type = type;
    input->bus = bus;

    if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->inputs, def->ninputs, input) < 0) {
        VIR_FREE(input);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainHugepagesParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                           xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                           virDomainHugePagePtr hugepage)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    g_autofree char *nodeset = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (virDomainParseMemory("./@size", "./@unit", ctxt,
                             &hugepage->size, true, false) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (!hugepage->size) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL, "%s",
                       _("hugepage size can't be zero"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((nodeset = virXMLPropString(node, "nodeset"))) {
        if (virBitmapParse(nodeset, &hugepage->nodemask,
                           VIR_DOMAIN_CPUMASK_LEN) < 0)
            return -1;

        if (virBitmapIsAllClear(hugepage->nodemask)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Invalid value of 'nodeset': %s"), nodeset);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static virDomainResourceDefPtr
virDomainResourceDefParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                          xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virDomainResourceDefPtr def = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(def) < 0)
        goto error;

    /* Find out what type of virtualization to use */
    if (!(def->partition = virXPathString("string(./partition)", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing resource partition attribute"));
        goto error;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainResourceDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}


static int
virDomainFeaturesDefParse(virDomainDefPtr def,
                          xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr node = NULL;
    int gic_version;
    size_t i;
    int n;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./features/*", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        int val = virDomainFeatureTypeFromString((const char *)nodes[i]->name);
        if (val < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unexpected feature '%s'"), nodes[i]->name);
            return -1;
        }

        switch ((virDomainFeature) val) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_APIC:
            if ((tmp = virXPathString("string(./features/apic/@eoi)", ctxt))) {
                int eoi;
                if ((eoi = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown value for attribute eoi: '%s'"),
                                   tmp);
                    return -1;
                }
                def->apic_eoi = eoi;
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            }
            G_GNUC_FALLTHROUGH;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_ACPI:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PAE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_VIRIDIAN:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PRIVNET:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HYPERV:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_KVM:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_MSRS:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_XEN:
            def->features[val] = VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_CAPABILITIES:
            if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "policy"))) {
                if ((def->features[val] = virDomainCapabilitiesPolicyTypeFromString(tmp)) == -1) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown policy attribute '%s' of feature '%s'"),
                                   tmp, virDomainFeatureTypeToString(val));
                    return -1;
                }
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            } else {
                def->features[val] = VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_VMCOREINFO:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HAP:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PMU:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PVSPINLOCK:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_VMPORT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_SMM:
            if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "state"))) {
                if ((def->features[val] = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) == -1) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("unknown state attribute '%s' of feature '%s'"),
                                   tmp, virDomainFeatureTypeToString(val));
                    return -1;
                }
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            } else {
                def->features[val] = VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_GIC:
            if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "version"))) {
                gic_version = virGICVersionTypeFromString(tmp);
                if (gic_version < 0 || gic_version == VIR_GIC_VERSION_NONE) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                                   _("malformed gic version: %s"), tmp);
                    return -1;
                }
                def->gic_version = gic_version;
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            }
            def->features[val] = VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_IOAPIC:
            tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "driver");
            if (tmp) {
                int value = virDomainIOAPICTypeFromString(tmp);
                if (value < 0 || value == VIR_DOMAIN_IOAPIC_NONE) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("Unknown driver mode: %s"),
                                   tmp);
                    return -1;
                }
                def->features[val] = value;
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HPT:
            tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "resizing");
            if (tmp) {
                int value = virDomainHPTResizingTypeFromString(tmp);
                if (value < 0 || value == VIR_DOMAIN_HPT_RESIZING_NONE) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("Unknown HPT resizing setting: %s"),
                                   tmp);
                    return -1;
                }
                def->hpt_resizing = (virDomainHPTResizing) value;
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            }

            if (virParseScaledValue("./features/hpt/maxpagesize",
                                    NULL,
                                    ctxt,
                                    &def->hpt_maxpagesize,
                                    1024,
                                    ULLONG_MAX,
                                    false) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               "%s",
                               _("Unable to parse HPT maxpagesize setting"));
                return -1;
            }
            def->hpt_maxpagesize = VIR_DIV_UP(def->hpt_maxpagesize, 1024);

            if (def->hpt_resizing != VIR_DOMAIN_HPT_RESIZING_NONE ||
                def->hpt_maxpagesize > 0) {
                def->features[val] = VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_CFPC:
            tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "value");
            if (tmp) {
                int value = virDomainCFPCTypeFromString(tmp);
                if (value < 0 || value == VIR_DOMAIN_CFPC_NONE) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("Unknown value: %s"),
                                   tmp);
                    return -1;
                }
                def->features[val] = value;
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_SBBC:
            tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "value");
            if (tmp) {
                int value = virDomainSBBCTypeFromString(tmp);
                if (value < 0 || value == VIR_DOMAIN_SBBC_NONE) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("Unknown value: %s"),
                                   tmp);
                    return -1;
                }
                def->features[val] = value;
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_IBS:
            tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "value");
            if (tmp) {
                int value = virDomainIBSTypeFromString(tmp);
                if (value < 0 || value == VIR_DOMAIN_IBS_NONE) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("Unknown value: %s"),
                                   tmp);
                    return -1;
                }
                def->features[val] = value;
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HTM:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_NESTED_HV:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_CCF_ASSIST:
            if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "state"))) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("missing state attribute '%s' of feature '%s'"),
                               tmp, virDomainFeatureTypeToString(val));
                return -1;
            }
            if ((def->features[val] = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unknown state attribute '%s' of feature '%s'"),
                               tmp, virDomainFeatureTypeToString(val));
                return -1;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
            break;

        /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_LAST:
            break;
        }
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if (def->features[VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HYPERV] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        int feature;
        int value;
        node = ctxt->node;
        if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./features/hyperv/*", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
            return -1;

        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            feature = virDomainHypervTypeFromString((const char *)nodes[i]->name);
            if (feature < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unsupported HyperV Enlightenment feature: %s"),
                               nodes[i]->name);
                return -1;
            }

            ctxt->node = nodes[i];

            if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "state"))) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("missing 'state' attribute for "
                                 "HyperV Enlightenment feature '%s'"),
                               nodes[i]->name);
                return -1;
            }

            if ((value = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("invalid value of state argument "
                                 "for HyperV Enlightenment feature '%s'"),
                               nodes[i]->name);
                return -1;
            }

            VIR_FREE(tmp);
            def->hyperv_features[feature] = value;

            switch ((virDomainHyperv) feature) {
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_RELAXED:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VAPIC:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VPINDEX:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_RUNTIME:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_SYNIC:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_STIMER:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_RESET:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_FREQUENCIES:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_REENLIGHTENMENT:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_TLBFLUSH:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_IPI:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_EVMCS:
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_SPINLOCKS:
                if (value != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON)
                    break;

                if (virXPathUInt("string(./@retries)", ctxt,
                             &def->hyperv_spinlocks) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("invalid HyperV spinlock retry count"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if (def->hyperv_spinlocks < 0xFFF) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("HyperV spinlock retry count must be "
                                     "at least 4095"));
                    return -1;
                }
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VENDOR_ID:
                if (value != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON)
                    break;

                if (!(def->hyperv_vendor_id = virXMLPropString(nodes[i],
                                                               "value"))) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("missing 'value' attribute for "
                                     "HyperV feature 'vendor_id'"));
                    return -1;
                }

                if (strlen(def->hyperv_vendor_id) > VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VENDOR_ID_MAX) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                                   _("HyperV vendor_id value must not be more "
                                     "than %d characters."),
                                   VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VENDOR_ID_MAX);
                    return -1;
                }

                /* ensure that the string can be passed to qemu */
                if (strchr(def->hyperv_vendor_id, ',')) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("HyperV vendor_id value is invalid"));
                    return -1;
                }

            /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_LAST:
                break;
            }
        }
        VIR_FREE(nodes);
        ctxt->node = node;
    }

    if (def->features[VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_STIMER] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        int value;
        if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./features/hyperv/stimer/*", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
            return -1;

        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            if (STRNEQ((const char *)nodes[i]->name, "direct")) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unsupported Hyper-V stimer feature: %s"),
                               nodes[i]->name);
                return -1;
            }

            if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "state"))) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("missing 'state' attribute for "
                                 "Hyper-V stimer '%s' feature"), "direct");
                        return -1;
            }

            if ((value = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("invalid value of state argument "
                                 "for Hyper-V stimer '%s' feature"), "direct");
                return -1;
            }

            VIR_FREE(tmp);
            def->hyperv_stimer_direct = value;
        }
        VIR_FREE(nodes);
    }

    if (def->features[VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_KVM] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        int feature;
        int value;
        if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./features/kvm/*", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
            return -1;

        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            feature = virDomainKVMTypeFromString((const char *)nodes[i]->name);
            if (feature < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unsupported KVM feature: %s"),
                               nodes[i]->name);
                return -1;
            }

            switch ((virDomainKVM) feature) {
                case VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_HIDDEN:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_DEDICATED:
                    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "state"))) {
                        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                                       _("missing 'state' attribute for "
                                         "KVM feature '%s'"),
                                       nodes[i]->name);
                        return -1;
                    }

                    if ((value = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                       _("invalid value of state argument "
                                         "for KVM feature '%s'"),
                                       nodes[i]->name);
                        return -1;
                    }

                    VIR_FREE(tmp);
                    def->kvm_features[feature] = value;
                    break;

                /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
                case VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_LAST:
                    break;
            }
        }
        VIR_FREE(nodes);
    }

    if (def->features[VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_XEN] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        int feature;
        int value;
        g_autofree char *ptval = NULL;

        if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./features/xen/*", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
            return -1;

        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            feature = virDomainXenTypeFromString((const char *)nodes[i]->name);
            if (feature < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unsupported Xen feature: %s"),
                               nodes[i]->name);
                return -1;
            }

            if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "state"))) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("missing 'state' attribute for "
                                 "Xen feature '%s'"),
                               nodes[i]->name);
                return -1;
            }

            if ((value = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("invalid value of state argument "
                                 "for Xen feature '%s'"),
                               nodes[i]->name);
                return -1;
            }

            VIR_FREE(tmp);
            def->xen_features[feature] = value;

            switch ((virDomainXen) feature) {
                case VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_E820_HOST:
                    break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_PASSTHROUGH:
                if (value != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON)
                    break;

                if ((ptval = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "mode"))) {
                    int mode = virDomainXenPassthroughModeTypeFromString(ptval);

                    if (mode < 0) {
                        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                       _("unsupported mode '%s' for Xen passthrough feature"),
                                       ptval);
                        return -1;
                    }

                    if (mode != VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_PASSTHROUGH_MODE_SYNC_PT &&
                        mode != VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_PASSTHROUGH_MODE_SHARE_PT) {
                        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                       _("'mode' attribute for Xen feature "
                                         "'passthrough' must be 'sync_pt' or 'share_pt'"));
                        return -1;
                    }
                    def->xen_passthrough_mode = mode;
                }
                break;

                /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
                case VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_LAST:
                    break;
            }
        }
        VIR_FREE(nodes);
    }

    if (def->features[VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_SMM] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        int rv = virParseScaledValue("string(./features/smm/tseg)",
                                     "string(./features/smm/tseg/@unit)",
                                     ctxt,
                                     &def->tseg_size,
                                     1024 * 1024, /* Defaults to mebibytes */
                                     ULLONG_MAX,
                                     false);
        if (rv < 0)
            return -1;
        def->tseg_specified = rv;
    }

    if (def->features[VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_MSRS] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        if ((node = virXPathNode("./features/msrs", ctxt)) == NULL)
            return -1;

        if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "unknown"))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("missing 'unknown' attribute for feature '%s'"),
                           virDomainFeatureTypeToString(VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_MSRS));
            return -1;
        }

        if ((def->msrs_features[VIR_DOMAIN_MSRS_UNKNOWN] = virDomainMsrsUnknownTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown 'unknown' value '%s'"),
                           tmp);
            return -1;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./features/capabilities/*", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        int val = virDomainProcessCapsFeatureTypeFromString((const char *)nodes[i]->name);
        if (val < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unexpected capability feature '%s'"), nodes[i]->name);
            return -1;
        }

        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "state"))) {
            if ((def->caps_features[val] = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) == -1) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unknown state attribute '%s' of feature capability '%s'"),
                               tmp, virDomainProcessCapsFeatureTypeToString(val));
                return -1;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        } else {
            def->caps_features[val] = VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON;
        }
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefMaybeAddHostdevSCSIcontroller(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    /* Look for any hostdev scsi dev */
    size_t i;
    int maxController = -1;
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev;
    int newModel = -1;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nhostdevs; i++) {
        hostdev = def->hostdevs[i];
        if (virHostdevIsSCSIDevice(hostdev) &&
            (int)hostdev->info->addr.drive.controller > maxController) {
            virDomainControllerDefPtr cont;

            maxController = hostdev->info->addr.drive.controller;
            /* We may be creating a new controller because this one is full.
             * So let's grab the model from it and update the model we're
             * going to add as long as this one isn't undefined. The premise
             * being keeping the same controller model for all SCSI hostdevs. */
            cont = virDomainDeviceFindSCSIController(def, &hostdev->info->addr.drive);
            if (cont && cont->model != -1)
                newModel = cont->model;
        }
    }

    if (maxController == -1)
        return 0;

    for (i = 0; i <= maxController; i++) {
        if (virDomainDefMaybeAddController(def, VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SCSI,
                                           i, newModel) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainLoaderDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
                           virDomainLoaderDefPtr loader,
                           bool fwAutoSelect)
{
    g_autofree char *readonly_str = NULL;
    g_autofree char *secure_str = NULL;
    g_autofree char *type_str = NULL;

    secure_str = virXMLPropString(node, "secure");

    if (!fwAutoSelect) {
        readonly_str = virXMLPropString(node, "readonly");
        type_str = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
        loader->path = (char *) xmlNodeGetContent(node);
        if (STREQ_NULLABLE(loader->path, ""))
            VIR_FREE(loader->path);
    }

    if (readonly_str &&
        (loader->readonly = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(readonly_str)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                       _("unknown readonly value: %s"), readonly_str);
        return -1;
    }

    if (secure_str &&
        (loader->secure = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(secure_str)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                       _("unknown secure value: %s"), secure_str);
        return -1;
    }

    if (type_str) {
        int type;
        if ((type = virDomainLoaderTypeFromString(type_str)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                           _("unknown type value: %s"), type_str);
            return -1;
        }
        loader->type = type;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainSchedulerParseCommonAttrs(xmlNodePtr node,
                                   virProcessSchedPolicy *policy,
                                   int *priority)
{
    int pol = 0;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "scheduler"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing scheduler attribute"));
        return -1;
    }

    if ((pol = virProcessSchedPolicyTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid scheduler attribute: '%s'"), tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    *policy = pol;

    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if (pol == VIR_PROC_POLICY_FIFO ||
        pol == VIR_PROC_POLICY_RR) {
        if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "priority"))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Missing scheduler priority"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (virStrToLong_i(tmp, NULL, 10, priority) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Invalid value for element priority"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainEmulatorSchedParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                            virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    g_autofree virDomainThreadSchedParamPtr sched = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(sched) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainSchedulerParseCommonAttrs(node,
                                           &sched->policy,
                                           &sched->priority) < 0)
        return -1;

    def->cputune.emulatorsched = g_steal_pointer(&sched);
    return 0;
}


static virBitmapPtr
virDomainSchedulerParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                        const char *name,
                        virProcessSchedPolicy *policy,
                        int *priority)
{
    virBitmapPtr ret = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(node, name))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Missing attribute '%s' in element '%sched'"),
                       name, name);
        goto error;
    }

    if (virBitmapParse(tmp, &ret, VIR_DOMAIN_CPUMASK_LEN) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virBitmapIsAllClear(ret)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("'%s' scheduler bitmap '%s' is empty"),
                       name, tmp);
        goto error;
    }

    if (virDomainSchedulerParseCommonAttrs(node, policy, priority) < 0)
        goto error;

    return ret;

 error:
    virBitmapFree(ret);
    return NULL;
}


static int
virDomainThreadSchedParseHelper(xmlNodePtr node,
                                const char *name,
                                virDomainThreadSchedParamPtr (*func)(virDomainDefPtr, unsigned int),
                                virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    ssize_t next = -1;
    virDomainThreadSchedParamPtr sched = NULL;
    virProcessSchedPolicy policy = 0;
    int priority = 0;
    g_autoptr(virBitmap) map = NULL;

    if (!(map = virDomainSchedulerParse(node, name, &policy, &priority)))
        return -1;

    while ((next = virBitmapNextSetBit(map, next)) > -1) {
        if (!(sched = func(def, next)))
            return -1;

        if (sched->policy != VIR_PROC_POLICY_NONE) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL,
                           _("%ssched attributes 'vcpus' must not overlap"),
                           STREQ(name, "vcpus") ? "vcpu" : name);
            return -1;
        }

        sched->policy = policy;
        sched->priority = priority;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainVcpuThreadSchedParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                              virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    return virDomainThreadSchedParseHelper(node, "vcpus",
                                           virDomainDefGetVcpuSched,
                                           def);
}


static virDomainThreadSchedParamPtr
virDomainDefGetIOThreadSched(virDomainDefPtr def,
                             unsigned int iothread)
{
    virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr iothrinfo;

    if (!(iothrinfo = virDomainIOThreadIDFind(def, iothread))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Cannot find 'iothread' : %u"),
                       iothread);
        return NULL;
    }

    return &iothrinfo->sched;
}


static int
virDomainIOThreadSchedParse(xmlNodePtr node,
                            virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    return virDomainThreadSchedParseHelper(node, "iothreads",
                                           virDomainDefGetIOThreadSched,
                                           def);
}


static int
virDomainVcpuParse(virDomainDefPtr def,
                   xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                   virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    int n;
    xmlNodePtr vcpuNode;
    size_t i;
    unsigned int maxvcpus;
    unsigned int vcpus;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;

    vcpus = maxvcpus = 1;

    if ((vcpuNode = virXPathNode("./vcpu[1]", ctxt))) {
        if ((tmp = virXMLNodeContentString(vcpuNode))) {
            if (virStrToLong_ui(tmp, NULL, 10, &maxvcpus) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("maximum vcpus count must be an integer"));
                return -1;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        }

        if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(vcpuNode, "current"))) {
            if (virStrToLong_ui(tmp, NULL, 10, &vcpus) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("current vcpus count must be an integer"));
                return -1;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        } else {
            vcpus = maxvcpus;
        }

        tmp = virXMLPropString(vcpuNode, "placement");
        if (tmp) {
            if ((def->placement_mode =
                 virDomainCpuPlacementModeTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("Unsupported CPU placement mode '%s'"),
                               tmp);
                return -1;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        } else {
            def->placement_mode = VIR_DOMAIN_CPU_PLACEMENT_MODE_STATIC;
        }

        if (def->placement_mode != VIR_DOMAIN_CPU_PLACEMENT_MODE_AUTO) {
            tmp = virXMLPropString(vcpuNode, "cpuset");
            if (tmp) {
                if (virBitmapParse(tmp, &def->cpumask, VIR_DOMAIN_CPUMASK_LEN) < 0)
                    return -1;

                if (virBitmapIsAllClear(def->cpumask)) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("Invalid value of 'cpuset': %s"), tmp);
                    return -1;
                }

                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            }
        }
    }

    if (virDomainDefSetVcpusMax(def, maxvcpus, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./vcpus/vcpu", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (n) {
        /* if individual vcpu states are provided take them as master */
        def->individualvcpus = true;

        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            virDomainVcpuDefPtr vcpu;
            int state;
            unsigned int id;
            unsigned int order;

            if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "id")) ||
                virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &id) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("missing or invalid vcpu id"));
                return -1;
            }

            VIR_FREE(tmp);

            if (id >= def->maxvcpus) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("vcpu id '%u' is out of range of maximum "
                                 "vcpu count"), id);
                return -1;
            }

            vcpu = virDomainDefGetVcpu(def, id);

            if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "enabled"))) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("missing vcpu enabled state"));
                return -1;
            }

            if ((state = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("invalid vcpu 'enabled' value '%s'"), tmp);
                return -1;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);

            vcpu->online = state == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES;

            if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "hotpluggable"))) {
                int hotpluggable;
                if ((hotpluggable = virTristateBoolTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                                   _("invalid vcpu 'hotpluggable' value '%s'"), tmp);
                    return -1;
                }
                vcpu->hotpluggable = hotpluggable;
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            }

            if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "order"))) {
                if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &order) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                   _("invalid vcpu order"));
                    return -1;
                }
                vcpu->order = order;
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
            }
        }
    } else {
        if (virDomainDefSetVcpus(def, vcpus) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefParseBootOptions(virDomainDefPtr def,
                             xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
{
    char *name = NULL;
    size_t i;
    int n;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    /*
     * Booting options for different OS types....
     *
     *   - A bootloader (and optional kernel+initrd)  (xen)
     *   - A kernel + initrd                          (xen)
     *   - A boot device (and optional kernel+initrd) (hvm)
     *   - An init script                             (exe)
     */

    if (def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_EXE) {
        def->os.init = virXPathString("string(./os/init[1])", ctxt);
        def->os.cmdline = virXPathString("string(./os/cmdline[1])", ctxt);
        def->os.initdir = virXPathString("string(./os/initdir[1])", ctxt);
        def->os.inituser = virXPathString("string(./os/inituser[1])", ctxt);
        def->os.initgroup = virXPathString("string(./os/initgroup[1])", ctxt);

        if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./os/initarg", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
            return -1;

        if (VIR_ALLOC_N(def->os.initargv, n+1) < 0)
            return -1;
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            if (!nodes[i]->children ||
                !nodes[i]->children->content) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("No data supplied for <initarg> element"));
                return -1;
            }
            def->os.initargv[i] = g_strdup((const char *)nodes[i]->children->content);
        }
        def->os.initargv[n] = NULL;
        VIR_FREE(nodes);

        if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./os/initenv", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
            return -1;

        if (VIR_ALLOC_N(def->os.initenv, n+1) < 0)
            return -1;
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            if (!(name = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "name"))) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                                _("No name supplied for <initenv> element"));
                return -1;
            }

            if (!nodes[i]->children ||
                !nodes[i]->children->content) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("No value supplied for <initenv name='%s'> element"),
                               name);
                return -1;
            }

            if (VIR_ALLOC(def->os.initenv[i]) < 0)
                return -1;

            def->os.initenv[i]->name = name;
            def->os.initenv[i]->value = g_strdup((const char *)nodes[i]->children->content);
        }
        def->os.initenv[n] = NULL;
        VIR_FREE(nodes);
    }

    if (def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_XEN ||
        def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_XENPVH ||
        def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_HVM ||
        def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_UML) {
        g_autofree char *firmware = NULL;
        xmlNodePtr loader_node;

        def->os.kernel = virXPathString("string(./os/kernel[1])", ctxt);
        def->os.initrd = virXPathString("string(./os/initrd[1])", ctxt);
        def->os.cmdline = virXPathString("string(./os/cmdline[1])", ctxt);
        def->os.dtb = virXPathString("string(./os/dtb[1])", ctxt);
        def->os.root = virXPathString("string(./os/root[1])", ctxt);

        if (def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_HVM &&
            (firmware = virXPathString("string(./os/@firmware)", ctxt))) {
            int fw = virDomainOsDefFirmwareTypeFromString(firmware);

            if (fw <= 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("unknown firmware value %s"),
                               firmware);
                return -1;
            }

            def->os.firmware = fw;
        }

        if ((loader_node = virXPathNode("./os/loader[1]", ctxt))) {
            const bool fwAutoSelect = def->os.firmware != VIR_DOMAIN_OS_DEF_FIRMWARE_NONE;

            if (VIR_ALLOC(def->os.loader) < 0)
                return -1;

            if (virDomainLoaderDefParseXML(loader_node,
                                           def->os.loader,
                                           fwAutoSelect) < 0)
                return -1;

            def->os.loader->nvram = virXPathString("string(./os/nvram[1])", ctxt);
            if (!fwAutoSelect)
                def->os.loader->templt = virXPathString("string(./os/nvram[1]/@template)", ctxt);
        }
    }

    if (def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_HVM) {
        if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./os/acpi/table", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
            return -1;

        if (n > 1) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Only one acpi table is supported"));
            return -1;
        }

        if (n == 1) {
            tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[0], "type");

            if (!tmp) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("Missing acpi table type"));
                return -1;
            }

            if (STREQ_NULLABLE(tmp, "slic")) {
                VIR_FREE(tmp);
                tmp = virXMLNodeContentString(nodes[0]);
                def->os.slic_table = virFileSanitizePath(tmp);
            } else {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("Unknown acpi table type: %s"),
                               tmp);
                return -1;
            }
        }

        if (virDomainDefParseBootXML(ctxt, def) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainResctrlParseVcpus(virDomainDefPtr def,
                           xmlNodePtr node,
                           virBitmapPtr *vcpus)
{
    g_autofree char *vcpus_str = NULL;

    vcpus_str = virXMLPropString(node, "vcpus");
    if (!vcpus_str) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, _("Missing %s attribute 'vcpus'"),
                       node->name);
        return -1;
    }
    if (virBitmapParse(vcpus_str, vcpus, VIR_DOMAIN_CPUMASK_LEN) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid %s attribute 'vcpus' value '%s'"),
                       node->name, vcpus_str);
        return -1;
    }

    /* We need to limit the bitmap to number of vCPUs.  If there's nothing left,
     * then we can just clean up and return 0 immediately */
    virBitmapShrink(*vcpus, def->maxvcpus);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainResctrlVcpuMatch(virDomainDefPtr def,
                          virBitmapPtr vcpus,
                          virDomainResctrlDefPtr *resctrl)
{
    ssize_t i = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nresctrls; i++) {
        /* vcpus group has been created, directly use the existing one.
         * Just updating memory allocation information of that group
         */
        if (virBitmapEqual(def->resctrls[i]->vcpus, vcpus)) {
            *resctrl = def->resctrls[i];
            break;
        }
        if (virBitmapOverlaps(def->resctrls[i]->vcpus, vcpus)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Overlapping vcpus in resctrls"));
            return -1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainCachetuneDefParseCache(xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                xmlNodePtr node,
                                virResctrlAllocPtr alloc)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    unsigned int level;
    unsigned int cache;
    int type;
    unsigned long long size;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "id");
    if (!tmp) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing cachetune attribute 'id'"));
        return -1;
    }
    if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &cache) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid cachetune attribute 'id' value '%s'"),
                       tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "level");
    if (!tmp) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing cachetune attribute 'level'"));
        return -1;
    }
    if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &level) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid cachetune attribute 'level' value '%s'"),
                       tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "type");
    if (!tmp) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing cachetune attribute 'type'"));
        return -1;
    }
    type = virCacheTypeFromString(tmp);
    if (type < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid cachetune attribute 'type' value '%s'"),
                       tmp);
        return -1;
    }

    if (virParseScaledValue("./@size", "./@unit",
                            ctxt, &size, 1024,
                            ULLONG_MAX, true) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virResctrlAllocSetCacheSize(alloc, level, type, cache, size) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


/* Checking if the monitor's vcpus and tag is conflicted with existing
 * allocation and monitors.
 *
 * Returns 1 if @monitor->vcpus equals to @resctrl->vcpus, then the monitor
 * will share the underlying resctrl group with @resctrl->alloc. Returns -1
 * if any conflict found. Returns 0 if no conflict and @monitor->vcpus is
 * not equal  to @resctrl->vcpus.
 */
static int
virDomainResctrlValidateMonitor(virDomainResctrlDefPtr resctrl,
                                virDomainResctrlMonDefPtr monitor)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    int vcpu = -1;
    bool vcpus_overlap_any = false;
    bool vcpus_equal_to_resctrl = false;
    bool vcpus_overlap_no_resctrl = false;
    bool default_alloc_monitor = virResctrlAllocIsEmpty(resctrl->alloc);

    if (virBitmapIsAllClear(monitor->vcpus)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG, "%s",
                       _("vcpus is empty"));
        return -1;
    }

    while ((vcpu = virBitmapNextSetBit(monitor->vcpus, vcpu)) >= 0) {
        if (!virBitmapIsBitSet(resctrl->vcpus, vcpu)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG, "%s",
                           _("Monitor vcpus conflicts with allocation"));
            return -1;
        }
    }

    vcpus_equal_to_resctrl = virBitmapEqual(monitor->vcpus, resctrl->vcpus);

    for (i = 0; i < resctrl->nmonitors; i++) {
        if (virBitmapEqual(monitor->vcpus, resctrl->monitors[i]->vcpus)) {
            if (monitor->tag != resctrl->monitors[i]->tag) {
                continue;
            } else {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG, "%s",
                               _("Identical vcpus found in same type monitors"));
                return -1;
            }
        }

        if (virBitmapOverlaps(monitor->vcpus, resctrl->monitors[i]->vcpus))
            vcpus_overlap_any = true;

        if (vcpus_equal_to_resctrl ||
            virBitmapEqual(resctrl->monitors[i]->vcpus, resctrl->vcpus))
            continue;

        if (virBitmapOverlaps(monitor->vcpus, resctrl->monitors[i]->vcpus))
            vcpus_overlap_no_resctrl = true;
    }

    if (vcpus_overlap_no_resctrl ||
        (default_alloc_monitor && vcpus_overlap_any)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG, "%s",
                       _("vcpus overlaps in resctrl groups"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (vcpus_equal_to_resctrl && !default_alloc_monitor)
        return 1;

    return 0;
}


#define VIR_DOMAIN_RESCTRL_MONITOR_CACHELEVEL 3

static int
virDomainResctrlMonDefParse(virDomainDefPtr def,
                            xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                            xmlNodePtr node,
                            virResctrlMonitorType tag,
                            virDomainResctrlDefPtr resctrl)
{
    virDomainResctrlMonDefPtr domresmon = NULL;
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    unsigned int level = 0;
    size_t i = 0;
    int n = 0;
    int rv = -1;
    int ret = -1;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    g_autofree char *id = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./monitor", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Cannot extract monitor nodes"));
        goto cleanup;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (VIR_ALLOC(domresmon) < 0)
            goto cleanup;

        domresmon->tag = tag;

        domresmon->instance = virResctrlMonitorNew();
        if (!domresmon->instance) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Could not create monitor"));
            goto cleanup;
        }

        if (tag == VIR_RESCTRL_MONITOR_TYPE_CACHE) {
            tmp = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "level");
            if (!tmp) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("Missing monitor attribute 'level'"));
                goto cleanup;
            }

            if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &level) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid monitor attribute 'level' value '%s'"),
                               tmp);
                goto cleanup;
            }

            if (level != VIR_DOMAIN_RESCTRL_MONITOR_CACHELEVEL) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("Invalid monitor cache level '%d'"),
                               level);
                goto cleanup;
            }

            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        }

        if (virDomainResctrlParseVcpus(def, nodes[i], &domresmon->vcpus) < 0)
            goto cleanup;

        rv = virDomainResctrlValidateMonitor(resctrl, domresmon);
        if (rv < 0)
            goto cleanup;

        /* If monitor's vcpu list is identical to the vcpu list of the
         * associated allocation, set monitor's id to the same value
         * as the allocation. */
        if (rv == 1) {
            const char *alloc_id = virResctrlAllocGetID(resctrl->alloc);

            id = g_strdup(alloc_id);
        } else {
            if (!(tmp = virBitmapFormat(domresmon->vcpus)))
                goto cleanup;

            id = g_strdup_printf("vcpus_%s", tmp);
        }

        virResctrlMonitorSetAlloc(domresmon->instance, resctrl->alloc);

        if (virResctrlMonitorSetID(domresmon->instance, id) < 0)
            goto cleanup;

        if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(resctrl->monitors,
                               resctrl->nmonitors,
                               domresmon) < 0)
            goto cleanup;

        VIR_FREE(id);
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virDomainResctrlMonDefFree(domresmon);
    return ret;
}


static virDomainResctrlDefPtr
virDomainResctrlNew(xmlNodePtr node,
                    virResctrlAllocPtr alloc,
                    virBitmapPtr vcpus,
                    unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainResctrlDefPtr resctrl = NULL;
    virDomainResctrlDefPtr ret = NULL;
    g_autofree char *vcpus_str = NULL;
    g_autofree char *alloc_id = NULL;

    /* We need to format it back because we need to be consistent in the naming
     * even when users specify some "sub-optimal" string there. */
    vcpus_str = virBitmapFormat(vcpus);
    if (!vcpus_str)
        return NULL;

    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE))
        alloc_id = virXMLPropString(node, "id");

    if (!alloc_id) {
        /* The number of allocations is limited and the directory structure is flat,
         * not hierarchical, so we need to have all same allocations in one
         * directory, so it's nice to have it named appropriately.  For now it's
         * 'vcpus_...' but it's designed in order for it to be changeable in the
         * future (it's part of the status XML). */
        alloc_id = g_strdup_printf("vcpus_%s", vcpus_str);
    }

    if (virResctrlAllocSetID(alloc, alloc_id) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(resctrl) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if (!(resctrl->vcpus = virBitmapNewCopy(vcpus))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("failed to copy 'vcpus'"));
        goto cleanup;
    }

    resctrl->alloc = virObjectRef(alloc);

    ret = g_steal_pointer(&resctrl);
 cleanup:
    virDomainResctrlDefFree(resctrl);
    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainCachetuneDefParse(virDomainDefPtr def,
                           xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                           xmlNodePtr node,
                           unsigned int flags)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virDomainResctrlDefPtr resctrl = NULL;
    ssize_t i = 0;
    int n;
    int ret = -1;
    g_autoptr(virBitmap) vcpus = NULL;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virResctrlAlloc) alloc = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (virDomainResctrlParseVcpus(def, node, &vcpus) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virBitmapIsAllClear(vcpus))
        return 0;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./cache", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Cannot extract cache nodes under cachetune"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virDomainResctrlVcpuMatch(def, vcpus, &resctrl) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (resctrl) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Identical vcpus in cachetunes found"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(alloc = virResctrlAllocNew()))
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainCachetuneDefParseCache(ctxt, nodes[i], alloc) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (!(resctrl = virDomainResctrlNew(node, alloc, vcpus, flags)))
        return -1;

    if (virDomainResctrlMonDefParse(def, ctxt, node,
                                    VIR_RESCTRL_MONITOR_TYPE_CACHE,
                                    resctrl) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    /* If no <cache> element or <monitor> element in <cachetune>, do not
     * append any resctrl element */
    if (!resctrl->nmonitors && n == 0) {
        ret = 0;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->resctrls, def->nresctrls, resctrl) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virDomainResctrlDefFree(resctrl);
    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainDefParseCaps(virDomainDefPtr def,
                      xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                      virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    g_autofree char *virttype = NULL;
    g_autofree char *arch = NULL;
    g_autofree char *ostype = NULL;

    virttype = virXPathString("string(./@type)", ctxt);
    ostype = virXPathString("string(./os/type[1])", ctxt);
    arch = virXPathString("string(./os/type[1]/@arch)", ctxt);

    def->os.bootloader = virXPathString("string(./bootloader)", ctxt);
    def->os.bootloaderArgs = virXPathString("string(./bootloader_args)", ctxt);
    def->os.machine = virXPathString("string(./os/type[1]/@machine)", ctxt);
    def->emulator = virXPathString("string(./devices/emulator[1])", ctxt);

    if (!virttype) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing domain type attribute"));
        return -1;
    }
    if ((def->virtType = virDomainVirtTypeFromString(virttype)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("invalid domain type %s"), virttype);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!ostype) {
        if (def->os.bootloader) {
            def->os.type = VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_XEN;
        } else {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("an os <type> must be specified"));
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        if ((def->os.type = virDomainOSTypeFromString(ostype)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown OS type '%s'"), ostype);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    /*
     * HACK: For xen driver we previously used bogus 'linux' as the
     * os type for paravirt, whereas capabilities declare it to
     * be 'xen'. So we accept the former and convert
     */
    if (def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_LINUX &&
        def->virtType == VIR_DOMAIN_VIRT_XEN) {
        def->os.type = VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_XEN;
    }

    if (arch && !(def->os.arch = virArchFromString(arch))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Unknown architecture %s"), arch);
        return -1;
    }

    if (def->os.arch == VIR_ARCH_NONE) {
        if (xmlopt && xmlopt->config.defArch != VIR_ARCH_NONE)
            def->os.arch = xmlopt->config.defArch;
        else
            def->os.arch = virArchFromHost();
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainMemorytuneDefParseMemory(xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                                  xmlNodePtr node,
                                  virResctrlAllocPtr alloc)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    unsigned int id;
    unsigned int bandwidth;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    ctxt->node = node;

    tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "id");
    if (!tmp) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing memorytune attribute 'id'"));
        return -1;
    }
    if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &id) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid memorytune attribute 'id' value '%s'"),
                       tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    tmp = virXMLPropString(node, "bandwidth");
    if (!tmp) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Missing memorytune attribute 'bandwidth'"));
        return -1;
    }
    if (virStrToLong_uip(tmp, NULL, 10, &bandwidth) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("Invalid memorytune attribute 'bandwidth' value '%s'"),
                       tmp);
        return -1;
    }
    if (virResctrlAllocSetMemoryBandwidth(alloc, id, bandwidth) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainMemorytuneDefParse(virDomainDefPtr def,
                            xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                            xmlNodePtr node,
                            unsigned int flags)
{
    VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt);
    virDomainResctrlDefPtr resctrl = NULL;
    virDomainResctrlDefPtr newresctrl = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virBitmap) vcpus = NULL;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virResctrlAlloc) alloc = NULL;
    ssize_t i = 0;
    size_t nmons = 0;
    size_t ret = -1;

    int n;

    ctxt->node = node;

    if (virDomainResctrlParseVcpus(def, node, &vcpus) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virBitmapIsAllClear(vcpus))
        return 0;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./node", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Cannot extract memory nodes under memorytune"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (virDomainResctrlVcpuMatch(def, vcpus, &resctrl) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (resctrl) {
        alloc = virObjectRef(resctrl->alloc);
    } else {
        if (!(alloc = virResctrlAllocNew()))
            return -1;
    }

    /* First, parse <memorytune/node> element if any <node> element exists */
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainMemorytuneDefParseMemory(ctxt, nodes[i], alloc) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    /*
     * If this is a new allocation, format ID and append to resctrl, otherwise
     * just update the existing alloc information, which is done in above
     * virDomainMemorytuneDefParseMemory */
    if (!resctrl) {
        if (!(newresctrl = virDomainResctrlNew(node, alloc, vcpus, flags)))
            return -1;

        resctrl = newresctrl;
    }

    /* Next, parse <memorytune/monitor> element */
    nmons = resctrl->nmonitors;
    if (virDomainResctrlMonDefParse(def, ctxt, node,
                                    VIR_RESCTRL_MONITOR_TYPE_MEMBW,
                                    resctrl) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    nmons = resctrl->nmonitors - nmons;
    /* Now @nmons contains the new <monitor> element number found in current
     * <memorytune> element, and @n holds the number of new <node> element,
     * only append the new @newresctrl object to domain if any of them is
     * not zero. */
    if (newresctrl && (nmons || n)) {
        if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->resctrls, def->nresctrls, newresctrl) < 0)
            goto cleanup;
    }

    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virDomainResctrlDefFree(newresctrl);
    return ret;
}


static virDomainDefPtr
virDomainDefParseXML(xmlDocPtr xml,
                     xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                     virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                     unsigned int flags)
{
    xmlNodePtr node = NULL;
    size_t i, j;
    int n;
    long id = -1;
    virDomainDefPtr def;
    bool uuid_generated = false;
    bool usb_none = false;
    bool usb_other = false;
    bool usb_master = false;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;

    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_VALIDATE_SCHEMA) {
        g_autofree char *schema = NULL;

        schema = virFileFindResource("domain.rng",
                                     abs_top_srcdir "/docs/schemas",
                                     PKGDATADIR "/schemas");
        if (!schema)
            return NULL;
        if (virXMLValidateAgainstSchema(schema, xml) < 0)
            return NULL;
    }

    if (!(def = virDomainDefNew()))
        return NULL;

    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE))
        if (virXPathLong("string(./@id)", ctxt, &id) < 0)
            id = -1;
    def->id = (int)id;

    if (virDomainDefParseCaps(def, ctxt, xmlopt) < 0)
        goto error;

    /* Extract domain name */
    if (!(def->name = virXPathString("string(./name[1])", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_NAME, NULL);
        goto error;
    }

    /* Extract domain uuid. If both uuid and sysinfo/system/entry/uuid
     * exist, they must match; and if only the latter exists, it can
     * also serve as the uuid. */
    tmp = virXPathString("string(./uuid[1])", ctxt);
    if (!tmp) {
        if (virUUIDGenerate(def->uuid) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           "%s", _("Failed to generate UUID"));
            goto error;
        }
        uuid_generated = true;
    } else {
        if (virUUIDParse(tmp, def->uuid) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           "%s", _("malformed uuid element"));
            goto error;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    /* Extract domain genid - a genid can either be provided or generated */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./genid", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n > 0) {
        if (n != 1) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("element 'genid' can only appear once"));
            goto error;
        }
        def->genidRequested = true;
        if (!(tmp = virXPathString("string(./genid)", ctxt))) {
            if (virUUIDGenerate(def->genid) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               "%s", _("Failed to generate genid"));
                goto error;
            }
            def->genidGenerated = true;
        } else {
            if (virUUIDParse(tmp, def->genid) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               "%s", _("malformed genid element"));
                goto error;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        }
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* Extract short description of domain (title) */
    def->title = virXPathString("string(./title[1])", ctxt);
    if (def->title && strchr(def->title, '\n')) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Domain title can't contain newlines"));
        goto error;
    }

    /* Extract documentation if present */
    def->description = virXPathString("string(./description[1])", ctxt);

    /* analysis of security label, done early even though we format it
     * late, so devices can refer to this for defaults */
    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_SKIP_SECLABEL)) {
        if (virSecurityLabelDefsParseXML(def, ctxt, xmlopt, flags) == -1)
            goto error;
    }

    /* Extract domain memory */
    if (virDomainParseMemory("./memory[1]", NULL, ctxt,
                             &def->mem.total_memory, false, true) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainParseMemory("./currentMemory[1]", NULL, ctxt,
                             &def->mem.cur_balloon, false, true) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainParseMemory("./maxMemory[1]", NULL, ctxt,
                             &def->mem.max_memory, false, false) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virXPathUInt("string(./maxMemory[1]/@slots)", ctxt, &def->mem.memory_slots) == -2) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Failed to parse memory slot count"));
        goto error;
    }

    /* and info about it */
    if ((tmp = virXPathString("string(./memory[1]/@dumpCore)", ctxt)) &&
        (def->mem.dump_core = virTristateSwitchTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Invalid memory core dump attribute value '%s'"), tmp);
        goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    tmp = virXPathString("string(./memoryBacking/source/@type)", ctxt);
    if (tmp) {
        if ((def->mem.source = virDomainMemorySourceTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown memoryBacking/source/type '%s'"), tmp);
            goto error;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    tmp = virXPathString("string(./memoryBacking/access/@mode)", ctxt);
    if (tmp) {
        if ((def->mem.access = virDomainMemoryAccessTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown memoryBacking/access/mode '%s'"), tmp);
            goto error;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    tmp = virXPathString("string(./memoryBacking/allocation/@mode)", ctxt);
    if (tmp) {
        if ((def->mem.allocation = virDomainMemoryAllocationTypeFromString(tmp)) <= 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown memoryBacking/allocation/mode '%s'"), tmp);
            goto error;
        }
        VIR_FREE(tmp);
    }

    if (virXPathNode("./memoryBacking/hugepages", ctxt)) {
        /* hugepages will be used */
        if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./memoryBacking/hugepages/page", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("cannot extract hugepages nodes"));
            goto error;
        }

        if (n) {
            if (VIR_ALLOC_N(def->mem.hugepages, n) < 0)
                goto error;

            for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                if (virDomainHugepagesParseXML(nodes[i], ctxt,
                                               &def->mem.hugepages[i]) < 0)
                    goto error;
                def->mem.nhugepages++;
            }

            VIR_FREE(nodes);
        } else {
            /* no hugepage pages */
            if (VIR_ALLOC(def->mem.hugepages) < 0)
                goto error;

            def->mem.nhugepages = 1;
        }
    }

    if ((node = virXPathNode("./memoryBacking/nosharepages", ctxt)))
        def->mem.nosharepages = true;

    if (virXPathBoolean("boolean(./memoryBacking/locked)", ctxt))
        def->mem.locked = true;

    if (virXPathBoolean("boolean(./memoryBacking/discard)", ctxt))
        def->mem.discard = VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES;

    /* Extract blkio cgroup tunables */
    if (virXPathUInt("string(./blkiotune/weight)", ctxt,
                     &def->blkio.weight) < 0)
        def->blkio.weight = 0;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./blkiotune/device", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("cannot extract blkiotune nodes"));
        goto error;
    }
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->blkio.devices, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainBlkioDeviceParseXML(nodes[i],
                                         &def->blkio.devices[i]) < 0)
            goto error;
        def->blkio.ndevices++;
        for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
            if (STREQ(def->blkio.devices[j].path,
                      def->blkio.devices[i].path)) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                               _("duplicate blkio device path '%s'"),
                               def->blkio.devices[i].path);
                goto error;
            }
        }
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* Extract other memory tunables */
    if (virDomainParseMemoryLimit("./memtune/hard_limit[1]", NULL, ctxt,
                                  &def->mem.hard_limit) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainParseMemoryLimit("./memtune/soft_limit[1]", NULL, ctxt,
                                  &def->mem.soft_limit) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainParseMemory("./memtune/min_guarantee[1]", NULL, ctxt,
                             &def->mem.min_guarantee, false, false) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainParseMemoryLimit("./memtune/swap_hard_limit[1]", NULL, ctxt,
                                  &def->mem.swap_hard_limit) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainVcpuParse(def, ctxt, xmlopt) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainDefParseIOThreads(def, ctxt) < 0)
        goto error;

    /* Extract cpu tunables. */
    if ((n = virXPathULongLong("string(./cputune/shares[1])", ctxt,
                               &def->cputune.shares)) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("can't parse cputune shares value"));
        goto error;
    } else if (n == 0) {
        def->cputune.sharesSpecified = true;
    }

    if (virXPathULongLong("string(./cputune/period[1])", ctxt,
                          &def->cputune.period) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("can't parse cputune period value"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virXPathLongLong("string(./cputune/quota[1])", ctxt,
                         &def->cputune.quota) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("can't parse cputune quota value"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virXPathULongLong("string(./cputune/global_period[1])", ctxt,
                          &def->cputune.global_period) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("can't parse cputune global period value"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virXPathLongLong("string(./cputune/global_quota[1])", ctxt,
                         &def->cputune.global_quota) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("can't parse cputune global quota value"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virXPathULongLong("string(./cputune/emulator_period[1])", ctxt,
                          &def->cputune.emulator_period) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("can't parse cputune emulator period value"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virXPathLongLong("string(./cputune/emulator_quota[1])", ctxt,
                         &def->cputune.emulator_quota) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("can't parse cputune emulator quota value"));
        goto error;
    }


    if (virXPathULongLong("string(./cputune/iothread_period[1])", ctxt,
                          &def->cputune.iothread_period) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("can't parse cputune iothread period value"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virXPathLongLong("string(./cputune/iothread_quota[1])", ctxt,
                         &def->cputune.iothread_quota) < -1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("can't parse cputune iothread quota value"));
        goto error;
    }

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./cputune/vcpupin", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainVcpuPinDefParseXML(def, nodes[i]))
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./cputune/emulatorpin", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("cannot extract emulatorpin nodes"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (n) {
        if (n > 1) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("only one emulatorpin is supported"));
            VIR_FREE(nodes);
            goto error;
        }

        if (!(def->cputune.emulatorpin = virDomainEmulatorPinDefParseXML(nodes[0])))
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);


    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./cputune/iothreadpin", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("cannot extract iothreadpin nodes"));
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainIOThreadPinDefParseXML(nodes[i], def) < 0)
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./cputune/vcpusched", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("cannot extract vcpusched nodes"));
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainVcpuThreadSchedParse(nodes[i], def) < 0)
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./cputune/iothreadsched", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("cannot extract iothreadsched nodes"));
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainIOThreadSchedParse(nodes[i], def) < 0)
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./cputune/emulatorsched", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("cannot extract emulatorsched nodes"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (n) {
        if (n > 1) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("only one emulatorsched is supported"));
            VIR_FREE(nodes);
            goto error;
        }

        if (virDomainEmulatorSchedParse(nodes[0], def) < 0)
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./cputune/cachetune", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("cannot extract cachetune nodes"));
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainCachetuneDefParse(def, ctxt, nodes[i], flags) < 0)
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./cputune/memorytune", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("cannot extract memorytune nodes"));
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (virDomainMemorytuneDefParse(def, ctxt, nodes[i], flags) < 0)
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if (virCPUDefParseXML(ctxt, "./cpu[1]", VIR_CPU_TYPE_GUEST, &def->cpu) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainNumaDefParseXML(def->numa, ctxt) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainNumaGetCPUCountTotal(def->numa) > virDomainDefGetVcpusMax(def)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("Number of CPUs in <numa> exceeds the"
                         " <vcpu> count"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virDomainNumaGetMaxCPUID(def->numa) >= virDomainDefGetVcpusMax(def)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("CPU IDs in <numa> exceed the <vcpu> count"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (virDomainNumatuneParseXML(def->numa,
                                  def->placement_mode ==
                                  VIR_DOMAIN_CPU_PLACEMENT_MODE_STATIC,
                                  ctxt) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainNumatuneHasPlacementAuto(def->numa) &&
        !def->cpumask && !virDomainDefHasVcpuPin(def) &&
        !def->cputune.emulatorpin &&
        !virDomainIOThreadIDArrayHasPin(def))
        def->placement_mode = VIR_DOMAIN_CPU_PLACEMENT_MODE_AUTO;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./resource", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("cannot extract resource nodes"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (n > 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("only one resource element is supported"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (n &&
        !(def->resource = virDomainResourceDefParse(nodes[0], ctxt)))
        goto error;
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if (virDomainFeaturesDefParse(def, ctxt) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainEventActionParseXML(ctxt, "on_reboot",
                                     "string(./on_reboot[1])",
                                     &def->onReboot,
                                     VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_RESTART,
                                     virDomainLifecycleActionTypeFromString) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainEventActionParseXML(ctxt, "on_poweroff",
                                     "string(./on_poweroff[1])",
                                     &def->onPoweroff,
                                     VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_DESTROY,
                                     virDomainLifecycleActionTypeFromString) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainEventActionParseXML(ctxt, "on_crash",
                                     "string(./on_crash[1])",
                                     &def->onCrash,
                                     VIR_DOMAIN_LIFECYCLE_ACTION_DESTROY,
                                     virDomainLifecycleActionTypeFromString) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainEventActionParseXML(ctxt, "on_lockfailure",
                                     "string(./on_lockfailure[1])",
                                     &def->onLockFailure,
                                     VIR_DOMAIN_LOCK_FAILURE_DEFAULT,
                                     virDomainLockFailureTypeFromString) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainPMStateParseXML(ctxt,
                                 "string(./pm/suspend-to-mem/@enabled)",
                                 &def->pm.s3) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainPMStateParseXML(ctxt,
                                 "string(./pm/suspend-to-disk/@enabled)",
                                 &def->pm.s4) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virDomainPerfDefParseXML(def, ctxt) < 0)
        goto error;

    if ((tmp = virXPathString("string(./clock/@offset)", ctxt)) &&
        (def->clock.offset = virDomainClockOffsetTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("unknown clock offset '%s'"), tmp);
        goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    switch (def->clock.offset) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_LOCALTIME:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_UTC:
        tmp = virXPathString("string(./clock/@adjustment)", ctxt);
        if (tmp) {
            if (STREQ(tmp, "reset")) {
                def->clock.data.utc_reset = true;
            } else {
                if (virStrToLong_ll(tmp, NULL, 10,
                                    &def->clock.data.variable.adjustment) < 0) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                                   _("unknown clock adjustment '%s'"),
                                   tmp);
                    goto error;
                }
                switch (def->clock.offset) {
                case VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_LOCALTIME:
                    def->clock.data.variable.basis = VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_BASIS_LOCALTIME;
                    break;
                case VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_UTC:
                    def->clock.data.variable.basis = VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_BASIS_UTC;
                    break;
                }
                def->clock.offset = VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_VARIABLE;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        } else {
            def->clock.data.utc_reset = false;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_VARIABLE:
        if (virXPathLongLong("number(./clock/@adjustment)", ctxt,
                             &def->clock.data.variable.adjustment) < 0)
            def->clock.data.variable.adjustment = 0;
        if (virXPathLongLong("number(./clock/@adjustment0)", ctxt,
                             &def->clock.data.variable.adjustment0) < 0)
            def->clock.data.variable.adjustment0 = 0;
        tmp = virXPathString("string(./clock/@basis)", ctxt);
        if (tmp) {
            if ((def->clock.data.variable.basis = virDomainClockBasisTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("unknown clock basis '%s'"), tmp);
                goto error;
            }
            VIR_FREE(tmp);
        } else {
            def->clock.data.variable.basis = VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_BASIS_UTC;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_TIMEZONE:
        def->clock.data.timezone = virXPathString("string(./clock/@timezone)", ctxt);
        if (!def->clock.data.timezone) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("missing 'timezone' attribute for clock with offset='timezone'"));
            goto error;
        }
        break;
    }

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./clock/timer", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->clock.timers, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainTimerDefPtr timer = virDomainTimerDefParseXML(nodes[i],
                                                               ctxt);
        if (!timer)
            goto error;

        def->clock.timers[def->clock.ntimers++] = timer;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if (virDomainDefParseBootOptions(def, ctxt) < 0)
        goto error;

    /* analysis of the disk devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/disk", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->disks, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainDiskDefPtr disk = virDomainDiskDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                            nodes[i],
                                                            ctxt,
                                                            flags);
        if (!disk)
            goto error;

        virDomainDiskInsertPreAlloced(def, disk);
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the controller devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/controller", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->controllers, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainControllerDefPtr controller = virDomainControllerDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                                              nodes[i],
                                                                              ctxt,
                                                                              flags);

        if (!controller)
            goto error;

        /* sanitize handling of "none" usb controller */
        if (controller->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB) {
            if (controller->model == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_USB_NONE) {
                if (usb_other || usb_none) {
                    virDomainControllerDefFree(controller);
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL, "%s",
                                   _("Can't add another USB controller: "
                                     "USB is disabled for this domain"));
                    goto error;
                }
                usb_none = true;
            } else {
                if (usb_none) {
                    virDomainControllerDefFree(controller);
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL, "%s",
                                   _("Can't add another USB controller: "
                                     "USB is disabled for this domain"));
                    goto error;
                }
                usb_other = true;
            }

            if (controller->info.mastertype == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MASTER_NONE)
                usb_master = true;
        }

        virDomainControllerInsertPreAlloced(def, controller);
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if (usb_other && !usb_master) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_DETAIL, "%s",
                       _("No master USB controller specified"));
        goto error;
    }

    /* analysis of the resource leases */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/lease", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("cannot extract device leases"));
        goto error;
    }
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->leases, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainLeaseDefPtr lease = virDomainLeaseDefParseXML(nodes[i]);
        if (!lease)
            goto error;

        def->leases[def->nleases++] = lease;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the filesystems */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/filesystem", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->fss, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainFSDefPtr fs = virDomainFSDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                      nodes[i],
                                                      ctxt,
                                                      flags);
        if (!fs)
            goto error;

        def->fss[def->nfss++] = fs;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the network devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/interface", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->nets, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainNetDefPtr net = virDomainNetDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                         nodes[i],
                                                         ctxt,
                                                         flags);
        if (!net)
            goto error;

        def->nets[def->nnets++] = net;

        /* <interface type='hostdev'> (and <interface type='net'>
         * where the actual network type is already known to be
         * hostdev) must also be in the hostdevs array.
         */
        if (virDomainNetGetActualType(net) == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV &&
            virDomainHostdevInsert(def, virDomainNetGetActualHostdev(net)) < 0) {
            goto error;
        }
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);


    /* analysis of the smartcard devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/smartcard", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->smartcards, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainSmartcardDefPtr card = virDomainSmartcardDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                                      nodes[i],
                                                                      ctxt,
                                                                      flags);
        if (!card)
            goto error;

        def->smartcards[def->nsmartcards++] = card;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);


    /* analysis of the character devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/parallel", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->parallels, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainChrDefPtr chr = virDomainChrDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                         ctxt,
                                                         nodes[i],
                                                         flags);
        if (!chr)
            goto error;

        if (chr->target.port == -1) {
            int maxport = -1;
            for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
                if (def->parallels[j]->target.port > maxport)
                    maxport = def->parallels[j]->target.port;
            }
            chr->target.port = maxport + 1;
        }
        def->parallels[def->nparallels++] = chr;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/serial", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->serials, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainChrDefPtr chr = virDomainChrDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                         ctxt,
                                                         nodes[i],
                                                         flags);
        if (!chr)
            goto error;

        if (chr->target.port == -1) {
            int maxport = -1;
            for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
                if (def->serials[j]->target.port > maxport)
                    maxport = def->serials[j]->target.port;
            }
            chr->target.port = maxport + 1;
        }
        def->serials[def->nserials++] = chr;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/console", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("cannot extract console devices"));
        goto error;
    }
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->consoles, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainChrDefPtr chr = virDomainChrDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                         ctxt,
                                                         nodes[i],
                                                         flags);
        if (!chr)
            goto error;

        chr->target.port = i;
        def->consoles[def->nconsoles++] = chr;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/channel", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->channels, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainChrDefPtr chr = virDomainChrDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                         ctxt,
                                                         nodes[i],
                                                         flags);
        if (!chr)
            goto error;

        def->channels[def->nchannels++] = chr;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);


    /* analysis of the input devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/input", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->inputs, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainInputDefPtr input = virDomainInputDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                               def,
                                                               nodes[i],
                                                               ctxt,
                                                               flags);
        if (!input)
            goto error;

        /* Check if USB bus is required */
        if (input->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_USB && usb_none) {
            virDomainInputDefFree(input);
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("Can't add USB input device. "
                             "USB bus is disabled"));
            goto error;
        }

        def->inputs[def->ninputs++] = input;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the graphics devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/graphics", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->graphics, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainGraphicsDefPtr graphics = virDomainGraphicsDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                                        nodes[i],
                                                                        ctxt,
                                                                        flags);
        if (!graphics)
            goto error;

        def->graphics[def->ngraphics++] = graphics;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the sound devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/sound", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->sounds, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainSoundDefPtr sound = virDomainSoundDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                               nodes[i],
                                                               ctxt,
                                                               flags);
        if (!sound)
            goto error;

        def->sounds[def->nsounds++] = sound;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the video devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/video", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->videos, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainVideoDefPtr video;
        ssize_t insertAt = -1;

        if (!(video = virDomainVideoDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[i],
                                                ctxt, flags)))
            goto error;

        if (video->primary) {
            if (def->nvideos != 0 && def->videos[0]->primary) {
                virDomainVideoDefFree(video);
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                               _("Only one primary video device is supported"));
                goto error;
            }

            insertAt = 0;
        }
        if (VIR_INSERT_ELEMENT_INPLACE(def->videos,
                                       insertAt,
                                       def->nvideos,
                                       video) < 0) {
            virDomainVideoDefFree(video);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the host devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/hostdev", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_REALLOC_N(def->hostdevs, def->nhostdevs + n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev;

        hostdev = virDomainHostdevDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[i], ctxt,
                                              flags);
        if (!hostdev)
            goto error;

        if (hostdev->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB &&
            usb_none) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("Can't add host USB device: "
                             "USB is disabled in this host"));
            virDomainHostdevDefFree(hostdev);
            goto error;
        }

        def->hostdevs[def->nhostdevs++] = hostdev;

        /* For a domain definition, we need to check if the controller
         * for this hostdev exists yet and if not add it. This cannot be
         * done during virDomainHostdevAssignAddress (as part of device
         * post processing) because that will result in the failure to
         * load the controller during hostdev hotplug.
         */
        if (virDomainDefMaybeAddHostdevSCSIcontroller(def) < 0)
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the watchdog devices */
    def->watchdog = NULL;
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/watchdog", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n > 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("only a single watchdog device is supported"));
        goto error;
    }
    if (n > 0) {
        virDomainWatchdogDefPtr watchdog;

        watchdog = virDomainWatchdogDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[0], flags);
        if (!watchdog)
            goto error;

        def->watchdog = watchdog;
        VIR_FREE(nodes);
    }

    /* analysis of the memballoon devices */
    def->memballoon = NULL;
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/memballoon", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n > 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("only a single memory balloon device is supported"));
        goto error;
    }
    if (n > 0) {
        virDomainMemballoonDefPtr memballoon;

        memballoon = virDomainMemballoonDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[0], ctxt, flags);
        if (!memballoon)
            goto error;

        def->memballoon = memballoon;
        VIR_FREE(nodes);
    }

    /* Parse the RNG devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/rng", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->rngs, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainRNGDefPtr rng = virDomainRNGDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[i],
                                                         ctxt, flags);
        if (!rng)
            goto error;

        def->rngs[def->nrngs++] = rng;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* Parse the TPM devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/tpm", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n > 2) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("a maximum of two TPM devices is supported, one of "
                         "them being a TPM Proxy device"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->tpms, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainTPMDefPtr tpm = virDomainTPMDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[i],
                                                         ctxt, flags);
        if (!tpm)
            goto error;

        def->tpms[def->ntpms++] = tpm;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/nvram", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n > 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("only a single nvram device is supported"));
        goto error;
    } else if (n == 1) {
        virDomainNVRAMDefPtr nvram =
            virDomainNVRAMDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[0], flags);
        if (!nvram)
            goto error;
        def->nvram = nvram;
        VIR_FREE(nodes);
    }

    /* analysis of the hub devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/hub", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->hubs, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainHubDefPtr hub;

        hub = virDomainHubDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[i], flags);
        if (!hub)
            goto error;

        if (hub->type == VIR_DOMAIN_HUB_TYPE_USB && usb_none) {
            virDomainHubDefFree(hub);
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("Can't add USB hub: "
                             "USB is disabled for this domain"));
            goto error;
        }

        def->hubs[def->nhubs++] = hub;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the redirected devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/redirdev", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->redirdevs, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainRedirdevDefPtr redirdev =
            virDomainRedirdevDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[i], ctxt, flags);
        if (!redirdev)
            goto error;

        def->redirdevs[def->nredirdevs++] = redirdev;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the redirection filter rules */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/redirfilter", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n > 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("only one set of redirection filter rule is supported"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (n) {
        virDomainRedirFilterDefPtr redirfilter =
            virDomainRedirFilterDefParseXML(nodes[0], ctxt);
        if (!redirfilter)
            goto error;

        def->redirfilter = redirfilter;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the panic devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/panic", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->panics, n) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainPanicDefPtr panic;

        panic = virDomainPanicDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[i], flags);
        if (!panic)
            goto error;

        def->panics[def->npanics++] = panic;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the shmem devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/shmem", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->shmems, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    node = ctxt->node;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainShmemDefPtr shmem;
        ctxt->node = nodes[i];
        shmem = virDomainShmemDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[i], ctxt, flags);
        if (!shmem)
            goto error;

        def->shmems[def->nshmems++] = shmem;
    }
    ctxt->node = node;
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* Check for SEV feature */
    if ((node = virXPathNode("./launchSecurity", ctxt)) != NULL) {
        def->sev = virDomainSEVDefParseXML(node, ctxt);
        if (!def->sev)
            goto error;
    }

    /* analysis of memory devices */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/memory", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (n && VIR_ALLOC_N(def->mems, n) < 0)
        goto error;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virDomainMemoryDefPtr mem = virDomainMemoryDefParseXML(xmlopt,
                                                               nodes[i],
                                                               ctxt,
                                                               def,
                                                               flags);
        if (!mem)
            goto error;

        def->mems[def->nmems++] = mem;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/iommu", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n > 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("only a single IOMMU device is supported"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (n > 0) {
        if (!(def->iommu = virDomainIOMMUDefParseXML(nodes[0], ctxt)))
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./devices/vsock", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n > 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("only a single vsock device is supported"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (n > 0) {
        if (!(def->vsock = virDomainVsockDefParseXML(xmlopt, nodes[0],
                                                     ctxt, flags)))
            goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    /* analysis of the user namespace mapping */
    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./idmap/uid", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n) {
        def->idmap.uidmap = virDomainIdmapDefParseXML(ctxt, nodes, n);
        if (!def->idmap.uidmap)
            goto error;

        def->idmap.nuidmap = n;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if  ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./idmap/gid", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (n) {
        def->idmap.gidmap =  virDomainIdmapDefParseXML(ctxt, nodes, n);
        if (!def->idmap.gidmap)
            goto error;

        def->idmap.ngidmap = n;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((def->idmap.uidmap && !def->idmap.gidmap) ||
        (!def->idmap.uidmap && def->idmap.gidmap)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("uid and gid should be mapped both"));
            goto error;
    }

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./sysinfo", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;

    def->sysinfo = g_new0(virSysinfoDefPtr, n);

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        virSysinfoDefPtr sysinfo = virSysinfoParseXML(nodes[i], ctxt,
                                                      def->uuid, uuid_generated);

        if (!sysinfo)
            goto error;

        def->sysinfo[def->nsysinfo++] = sysinfo;
    }
    VIR_FREE(nodes);

    if ((tmp = virXPathString("string(./os/smbios/@mode)", ctxt))) {
        int mode;

        if ((mode = virDomainSmbiosModeTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("unknown smbios mode '%s'"), tmp);
            goto error;
        }
        def->os.smbios_mode = mode;
    }

    if (virDomainKeyWrapDefParseXML(def, ctxt) < 0)
        goto error;

    /* Extract custom metadata */
    if ((node = virXPathNode("./metadata[1]", ctxt)) != NULL)
        def->metadata = xmlCopyNode(node, 1);

    /* we have to make a copy of all of the callback pointers here since
     * we won't have the virCaps structure available during free
     */
    def->ns = xmlopt->ns;

    if (def->ns.parse) {
        if (virXMLNamespaceRegister(ctxt, &def->ns) < 0)
            goto error;
        if ((def->ns.parse)(ctxt, &def->namespaceData) < 0)
            goto error;
    }

    return def;

 error:
    virDomainDefFree(def);
    return NULL;
}


static virDomainObjPtr
virDomainObjParseXML(xmlDocPtr xml,
                     xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt,
                     virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                     unsigned int flags)
{
    long val;
    xmlNodePtr config;
    xmlNodePtr oldnode;
    virDomainObjPtr obj;
    size_t i;
    int n;
    int state;
    int reason = 0;
    void *parseOpaque = NULL;
    g_autofree char *tmp = NULL;
    g_autofree xmlNodePtr *nodes = NULL;

    if (!(obj = virDomainObjNew(xmlopt)))
        return NULL;

    if (!(config = virXPathNode("./domain", ctxt))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("no domain config"));
        goto error;
    }

    oldnode = ctxt->node;
    ctxt->node = config;
    obj->def = virDomainDefParseXML(xml, ctxt, xmlopt, flags);
    ctxt->node = oldnode;
    if (!obj->def)
        goto error;

    if (!(tmp = virXMLPropString(ctxt->node, "state"))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("missing domain state"));
        goto error;
    }
    if ((state = virDomainStateTypeFromString(tmp)) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("invalid domain state '%s'"), tmp);
        goto error;
    }
    VIR_FREE(tmp);

    if ((tmp = virXMLPropString(ctxt->node, "reason"))) {
        if ((reason = virDomainStateReasonFromString(state, tmp)) < 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("invalid domain state reason '%s'"), tmp);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    virDomainObjSetState(obj, state, reason);

    if (virXPathLong("string(./@pid)", ctxt, &val) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("invalid pid"));
        goto error;
    }
    obj->pid = (pid_t)val;

    if ((n = virXPathNodeSet("./taint", ctxt, &nodes)) < 0)
        goto error;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        char *str = virXMLPropString(nodes[i], "flag");
        if (str) {
            int flag = virDomainTaintTypeFromString(str);
            if (flag < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("Unknown taint flag %s"), str);
                VIR_FREE(str);
                goto error;
            }
            VIR_FREE(str);
            virDomainObjTaint(obj, flag);
        }
    }

    if (xmlopt->privateData.parse &&
        xmlopt->privateData.parse(ctxt, obj, &xmlopt->config) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (xmlopt->privateData.getParseOpaque)
        parseOpaque = xmlopt->privateData.getParseOpaque(obj);

    /* callback to fill driver specific domain aspects */
    if (virDomainDefPostParse(obj->def, flags, xmlopt, parseOpaque) < 0)
        goto error;

    /* validate configuration */
    if (virDomainDefValidate(obj->def, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
        goto error;

    return obj;

 error:
    virObjectUnref(obj);
    return NULL;
}


static virDomainDefPtr
virDomainDefParse(const char *xmlStr,
                  const char *filename,
                  virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                  void *parseOpaque,
                  unsigned int flags)
{
    xmlDocPtr xml = NULL;
    virDomainDefPtr def = NULL;
    int keepBlanksDefault = xmlKeepBlanksDefault(0);
    xmlNodePtr root;

    if (!(xml = virXMLParse(filename, xmlStr, _("(domain_definition)"))))
        goto cleanup;

    root = xmlDocGetRootElement(xml);
    if (!virXMLNodeNameEqual(root, "domain")) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected root element <%s>, "
                         "expecting <domain>"),
                       root->name);
        goto cleanup;
    }

    def = virDomainDefParseNode(xml, root, xmlopt, parseOpaque, flags);

 cleanup:
    xmlFreeDoc(xml);
    xmlKeepBlanksDefault(keepBlanksDefault);
    return def;
}

virDomainDefPtr
virDomainDefParseString(const char *xmlStr,
                        virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                        void *parseOpaque,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    return virDomainDefParse(xmlStr, NULL, xmlopt, parseOpaque, flags);
}

virDomainDefPtr
virDomainDefParseFile(const char *filename,
                      virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                      void *parseOpaque,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    return virDomainDefParse(NULL, filename, xmlopt, parseOpaque, flags);
}


virDomainDefPtr
virDomainDefParseNode(xmlDocPtr xml,
                      xmlNodePtr root,
                      virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                      void *parseOpaque,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    g_autoptr(xmlXPathContext) ctxt = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virDomainDef) def = NULL;

    if (!(ctxt = virXMLXPathContextNew(xml)))
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = root;

    if (!(def = virDomainDefParseXML(xml, ctxt, xmlopt, flags)))
        return NULL;

    /* callback to fill driver specific domain aspects */
    if (virDomainDefPostParse(def, flags, xmlopt, parseOpaque) < 0)
        return NULL;

    /* validate configuration */
    if (virDomainDefValidate(def, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
        return NULL;

    return g_steal_pointer(&def);
}


virDomainObjPtr
virDomainObjParseNode(xmlDocPtr xml,
                      xmlNodePtr root,
                      virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    g_autoptr(xmlXPathContext) ctxt = NULL;

    if (!virXMLNodeNameEqual(root, "domstatus")) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected root element <%s>, "
                         "expecting <domstatus>"),
                       root->name);
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!(ctxt = virXMLXPathContextNew(xml)))
        return NULL;

    ctxt->node = root;
    return virDomainObjParseXML(xml, ctxt, xmlopt, flags);
}


virDomainObjPtr
virDomainObjParseFile(const char *filename,
                      virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    xmlDocPtr xml;
    virDomainObjPtr obj = NULL;
    int keepBlanksDefault = xmlKeepBlanksDefault(0);

    if ((xml = virXMLParseFile(filename))) {
        obj = virDomainObjParseNode(xml, xmlDocGetRootElement(xml),
                                    xmlopt, flags);
        xmlFreeDoc(xml);
    }

    xmlKeepBlanksDefault(keepBlanksDefault);
    return obj;
}


static bool
virDomainTimerDefCheckABIStability(virDomainTimerDefPtr src,
                                   virDomainTimerDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->name != dst->name) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target timer %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainTimerNameTypeToString(dst->name),
                       virDomainTimerNameTypeToString(src->name));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->present != dst->present) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target timer presence %d does not match source %d"),
                       dst->present, src->present);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->name == VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_NAME_TSC) {
        if (src->frequency != dst->frequency) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target TSC frequency %lu does not match source %lu"),
                           dst->frequency, src->frequency);
            return false;
        }

        if (src->mode != dst->mode) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target TSC mode %s does not match source %s"),
                           virDomainTimerModeTypeToString(dst->mode),
                           virDomainTimerModeTypeToString(src->mode));
            return false;
        }
    }

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(virDomainDeviceInfoPtr src,
                                     virDomainDeviceInfoPtr dst)
{
    if (src->type != dst->type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target device address type %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainDeviceAddressTypeToString(dst->type),
                       virDomainDeviceAddressTypeToString(src->type));
        return false;
    }

    switch ((virDomainDeviceAddressType) src->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_PCI:
        if (src->addr.pci.domain != dst->addr.pci.domain ||
            src->addr.pci.bus != dst->addr.pci.bus ||
            src->addr.pci.slot != dst->addr.pci.slot ||
            src->addr.pci.function != dst->addr.pci.function) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target device PCI address " VIR_PCI_DEVICE_ADDRESS_FMT
                             "does not match source " VIR_PCI_DEVICE_ADDRESS_FMT),
                           dst->addr.pci.domain, dst->addr.pci.bus,
                           dst->addr.pci.slot, dst->addr.pci.function,
                           src->addr.pci.domain, src->addr.pci.bus,
                           src->addr.pci.slot, src->addr.pci.function);
            return false;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE:
        if (src->addr.drive.controller != dst->addr.drive.controller ||
            src->addr.drive.bus != dst->addr.drive.bus ||
            src->addr.drive.unit != dst->addr.drive.unit) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target device drive address %d:%d:%d "
                             "does not match source %d:%d:%d"),
                           dst->addr.drive.controller, dst->addr.drive.bus,
                           dst->addr.drive.unit,
                           src->addr.drive.controller, src->addr.drive.bus,
                           src->addr.drive.unit);
            return false;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL:
        if (src->addr.vioserial.controller != dst->addr.vioserial.controller ||
            src->addr.vioserial.bus != dst->addr.vioserial.bus ||
            src->addr.vioserial.port != dst->addr.vioserial.port) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target device virtio serial address %d:%d:%d "
                             "does not match source %d:%d:%d"),
                           dst->addr.vioserial.controller, dst->addr.vioserial.bus,
                           dst->addr.vioserial.port,
                           src->addr.vioserial.controller, src->addr.vioserial.bus,
                           src->addr.vioserial.port);
            return false;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCID:
        if (src->addr.ccid.controller != dst->addr.ccid.controller ||
            src->addr.ccid.slot != dst->addr.ccid.slot) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target device ccid address %d:%d "
                             "does not match source %d:%d"),
                           dst->addr.ccid.controller,
                           dst->addr.ccid.slot,
                           src->addr.ccid.controller,
                           src->addr.ccid.slot);
            return false;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_ISA:
        if (src->addr.isa.iobase != dst->addr.isa.iobase ||
            src->addr.isa.irq != dst->addr.isa.irq) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target device isa address %d:%d "
                             "does not match source %d:%d"),
                           dst->addr.isa.iobase,
                           dst->addr.isa.irq,
                           src->addr.isa.iobase,
                           src->addr.isa.irq);
            return false;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DIMM:
        if (src->addr.dimm.slot != dst->addr.dimm.slot) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target device dimm slot %u does not match "
                             "source %u"),
                           dst->addr.dimm.slot,
                           src->addr.dimm.slot);
            return false;
        }

        if (src->addr.dimm.base != dst->addr.dimm.base) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target device dimm base address '%llx' does "
                             "not match source '%llx'"),
                           dst->addr.dimm.base,
                           src->addr.dimm.base);
            return false;
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_USB:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_SPAPRVIO:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_S390:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCW:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_MMIO:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_UNASSIGNED:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainVirtioOptionsCheckABIStability(virDomainVirtioOptionsPtr src,
                                        virDomainVirtioOptionsPtr dst)
{
    if (src->iommu != dst->iommu) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target device iommu option '%s' does not "
                         "match source '%s'"),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->iommu),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->iommu));
        return false;
    }
    if (src->ats != dst->ats) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target device ats option '%s' does not "
                         "match source '%s'"),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->ats),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->ats));
        return false;
    }
    if (src->packed != dst->packed) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target device packed option '%s' does not "
                         "match source '%s'"),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->packed),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->packed));
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainDiskDefCheckABIStability(virDomainDiskDefPtr src,
                                  virDomainDiskDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->device != dst->device) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target disk device %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainDiskDeviceTypeToString(dst->device),
                       virDomainDiskDeviceTypeToString(src->device));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->bus != dst->bus) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target disk bus %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainDiskBusTypeToString(dst->bus),
                       virDomainDiskBusTypeToString(src->bus));
        return false;
    }

    if (STRNEQ(src->dst, dst->dst)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target disk %s does not match source %s"),
                       dst->dst, src->dst);
        return false;
    }

    if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(src->serial, dst->serial)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target disk serial %s does not match source %s"),
                       NULLSTR(dst->serial), NULLSTR(src->serial));
        return false;
    }

    if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(src->wwn, dst->wwn)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target disk wwn '%s' does not match source '%s'"),
                       NULLSTR(dst->wwn), NULLSTR(src->wwn));
        return false;

    }

    if (src->src->readonly != dst->src->readonly) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target disk access mode does not match source"));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target disk model %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainDiskModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainDiskModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->virtio && dst->virtio &&
        !virDomainVirtioOptionsCheckABIStability(src->virtio, dst->virtio))
        return false;

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainControllerDefCheckABIStability(virDomainControllerDefPtr src,
                                        virDomainControllerDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->type != dst->type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target controller type %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainControllerTypeToString(dst->type),
                       virDomainControllerTypeToString(src->type));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->idx != dst->idx) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target controller index %d does not match source %d"),
                       dst->idx, src->idx);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target controller model %d does not match source %d"),
                       dst->model, src->model);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL) {
        if (src->opts.vioserial.ports != dst->opts.vioserial.ports) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target controller ports %d does not match source %d"),
                           dst->opts.vioserial.ports, src->opts.vioserial.ports);
            return false;
        }

        if (src->opts.vioserial.vectors != dst->opts.vioserial.vectors) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target controller vectors %d does not match source %d"),
                           dst->opts.vioserial.vectors, src->opts.vioserial.vectors);
            return false;
        }
    } else if (src->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB) {
        if (src->opts.usbopts.ports != dst->opts.usbopts.ports) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target controller ports %d does not match source %d"),
                           dst->opts.usbopts.ports, src->opts.usbopts.ports);
            return false;
        }
    }

    if (src->virtio && dst->virtio &&
        !virDomainVirtioOptionsCheckABIStability(src->virtio, dst->virtio))
        return false;

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainFsDefCheckABIStability(virDomainFSDefPtr src,
                                virDomainFSDefPtr dst)
{
    if (STRNEQ(src->dst, dst->dst)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target filesystem guest target %s does not match source %s"),
                       dst->dst, src->dst);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->readonly != dst->readonly) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target filesystem access mode does not match source"));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target filesystem model does not match source"));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->virtio && dst->virtio &&
        !virDomainVirtioOptionsCheckABIStability(src->virtio, dst->virtio))
        return false;

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainNetDefCheckABIStability(virDomainNetDefPtr src,
                                 virDomainNetDefPtr dst)
{
    char srcmac[VIR_MAC_STRING_BUFLEN];
    char dstmac[VIR_MAC_STRING_BUFLEN];

    if (virMacAddrCmp(&src->mac, &dst->mac) != 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target network card mac %s"
                         " does not match source %s"),
                       virMacAddrFormat(&dst->mac, dstmac),
                       virMacAddrFormat(&src->mac, srcmac));
        return false;
    }

    if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(src->modelstr, dst->modelstr)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target network card model %s does not match source %s"),
                       NULLSTR(dst->modelstr), NULLSTR(src->modelstr));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target network card model %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainNetModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainNetModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->mtu != dst->mtu) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target network card MTU %d does not match source %d"),
                       dst->mtu, src->mtu);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->virtio && dst->virtio &&
        !virDomainVirtioOptionsCheckABIStability(src->virtio, dst->virtio))
        return false;

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainInputDefCheckABIStability(virDomainInputDefPtr src,
                                   virDomainInputDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->type != dst->type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target input device type %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainInputTypeToString(dst->type),
                       virDomainInputTypeToString(src->type));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->bus != dst->bus) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target input device bus %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainInputBusTypeToString(dst->bus),
                       virDomainInputBusTypeToString(src->bus));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target input model %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainInputBusTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainInputBusTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->virtio && dst->virtio &&
        !virDomainVirtioOptionsCheckABIStability(src->virtio, dst->virtio))
        return false;

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainSoundDefCheckABIStability(virDomainSoundDefPtr src,
                                   virDomainSoundDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target sound card model %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainSoundModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainSoundModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainVideoDefCheckABIStability(virDomainVideoDefPtr src,
                                   virDomainVideoDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->type != dst->type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target video card model %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainVideoTypeToString(dst->type),
                       virDomainVideoTypeToString(src->type));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->ram != dst->ram) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target video card ram %u does not match source %u"),
                       dst->ram, src->ram);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->vram != dst->vram) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target video card vram %u does not match source %u"),
                       dst->vram, src->vram);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->vram64 != dst->vram64) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target video card vram64 %u does not match source %u"),
                       dst->vram64, src->vram64);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->vgamem != dst->vgamem) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target video card vgamem %u does not match source %u"),
                       dst->vgamem, src->vgamem);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->heads != dst->heads) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target video card heads %u does not match source %u"),
                       dst->heads, src->heads);
        return false;
    }

    if ((src->accel && !dst->accel) ||
        (!src->accel && dst->accel)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target video card acceleration does not match source"));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->accel) {
        if (src->accel->accel2d != dst->accel->accel2d) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target video card 2d accel %u does not match source %u"),
                           dst->accel->accel2d, src->accel->accel2d);
            return false;
        }

        if (src->accel->accel3d != dst->accel->accel3d) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target video card 3d accel %u does not match source %u"),
                           dst->accel->accel3d, src->accel->accel3d);
            return false;
        }
    }

    if (src->virtio && dst->virtio &&
        !virDomainVirtioOptionsCheckABIStability(src->virtio, dst->virtio))
        return false;

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainHostdevDefCheckABIStability(virDomainHostdevDefPtr src,
                                     virDomainHostdevDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->mode != dst->mode) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target host device mode %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainHostdevModeTypeToString(dst->mode),
                       virDomainHostdevModeTypeToString(src->mode));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->mode == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS &&
        src->source.subsys.type != dst->source.subsys.type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target host device subsystem %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainHostdevSubsysTypeToString(dst->source.subsys.type),
                       virDomainHostdevSubsysTypeToString(src->source.subsys.type));
        return false;
    }

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(src->info, dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainSmartcardDefCheckABIStability(virDomainSmartcardDefPtr src,
                                       virDomainSmartcardDefPtr dst)
{
    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainSerialDefCheckABIStability(virDomainChrDefPtr src,
                                    virDomainChrDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->targetType != dst->targetType) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target serial type %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainChrSerialTargetTypeToString(dst->targetType),
                       virDomainChrSerialTargetTypeToString(src->targetType));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->target.port != dst->target.port) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target serial port %d does not match source %d"),
                       dst->target.port, src->target.port);
        return false;
    }

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainParallelDefCheckABIStability(virDomainChrDefPtr src,
                                      virDomainChrDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->target.port != dst->target.port) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target parallel port %d does not match source %d"),
                       dst->target.port, src->target.port);
        return false;
    }

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainChannelDefCheckABIStability(virDomainChrDefPtr src,
                                     virDomainChrDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->targetType != dst->targetType) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target channel type %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainChrChannelTargetTypeToString(dst->targetType),
                       virDomainChrChannelTargetTypeToString(src->targetType));
        return false;
    }

    switch (src->targetType) {

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_XEN:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO:
        if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(src->target.name, dst->target.name)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target channel name %s does not match source %s"),
                           NULLSTR(dst->target.name), NULLSTR(src->target.name));
            return false;
        }
        if (src->source->type != dst->source->type &&
            (src->source->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEVMC ||
             dst->source->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEVMC) &&
            !src->target.name) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("Changing device type to/from spicevmc would"
                             " change default target channel name"));
            return false;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_GUESTFWD:
        if (memcmp(src->target.addr, dst->target.addr,
                   sizeof(*src->target.addr)) != 0) {
            g_autofree char *saddr = virSocketAddrFormatFull(src->target.addr, true, ":");
            g_autofree char *daddr = virSocketAddrFormatFull(dst->target.addr, true, ":");
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target channel addr %s does not match source %s"),
                           NULLSTR(daddr), NULLSTR(saddr));
            return false;
        }
        break;
    }

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainConsoleDefCheckABIStability(virDomainChrDefPtr src,
                                     virDomainChrDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->targetType != dst->targetType) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target console type %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainChrConsoleTargetTypeToString(dst->targetType),
                       virDomainChrConsoleTargetTypeToString(src->targetType));
        return false;
    }

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainWatchdogDefCheckABIStability(virDomainWatchdogDefPtr src,
                                      virDomainWatchdogDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target watchdog model %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainWatchdogModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainWatchdogModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainMemballoonDefCheckABIStability(virDomainMemballoonDefPtr src,
                                        virDomainMemballoonDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target balloon model %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainMemballoonModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainMemballoonModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->autodeflate != dst->autodeflate) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target balloon autodeflate attribute value "
                         "'%s' does not match source '%s'"),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->autodeflate),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->autodeflate));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->virtio && dst->virtio &&
        !virDomainVirtioOptionsCheckABIStability(src->virtio, dst->virtio))
        return false;

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainRNGDefCheckABIStability(virDomainRNGDefPtr src,
                                 virDomainRNGDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target RNG model '%s' does not match source '%s'"),
                       virDomainRNGModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainRNGModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->virtio && dst->virtio &&
        !virDomainVirtioOptionsCheckABIStability(src->virtio, dst->virtio))
        return false;

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainHubDefCheckABIStability(virDomainHubDefPtr src,
                                 virDomainHubDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->type != dst->type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target hub device type %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainHubTypeToString(dst->type),
                       virDomainHubTypeToString(src->type));
        return false;
    }

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainRedirdevDefCheckABIStability(virDomainRedirdevDefPtr src,
                                      virDomainRedirdevDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->bus != dst->bus) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target redirected device bus %s does not match "
                         "source %s"),
                       virDomainRedirdevBusTypeToString(dst->bus),
                       virDomainRedirdevBusTypeToString(src->bus));
        return false;
    }

    switch ((virDomainRedirdevBus) src->bus) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_REDIRDEV_BUS_USB:
        if (src->source->type != dst->source->type) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target redirected device source type %s does "
                             "not match source device source type %s"),
                           virDomainChrTypeToString(dst->source->type),
                           virDomainChrTypeToString(src->source->type));
            return false;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_REDIRDEV_BUS_LAST:
        break;
    }

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainRedirFilterDefCheckABIStability(virDomainRedirFilterDefPtr src,
                                         virDomainRedirFilterDefPtr dst)
{
    size_t i;

    if (src->nusbdevs != dst->nusbdevs) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target USB redirection filter rule "
                         "count %zu does not match source %zu"),
                         dst->nusbdevs, src->nusbdevs);
        return false;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nusbdevs; i++) {
        virDomainRedirFilterUSBDevDefPtr srcUSBDev = src->usbdevs[i];
        virDomainRedirFilterUSBDevDefPtr dstUSBDev = dst->usbdevs[i];
        if (srcUSBDev->usbClass != dstUSBDev->usbClass) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           "%s", _("Target USB Class code does not match source"));
            return false;
        }

        if (srcUSBDev->vendor != dstUSBDev->vendor) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           "%s", _("Target USB vendor ID does not match source"));
            return false;
        }

        if (srcUSBDev->product != dstUSBDev->product) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           "%s", _("Target USB product ID does not match source"));
            return false;
        }

        if (srcUSBDev->version != dstUSBDev->version) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           "%s", _("Target USB version does not match source"));
            return false;
        }

        if (srcUSBDev->allow != dstUSBDev->allow) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target USB allow '%s' does not match source '%s'"),
                             dstUSBDev->allow ? "yes" : "no",
                             srcUSBDev->allow ? "yes" : "no");
            return false;
        }
    }

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainDefFeaturesCheckABIStability(virDomainDefPtr src,
                                      virDomainDefPtr dst)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_LAST; i++) {
        const char *featureName = virDomainFeatureTypeToString(i);

        switch ((virDomainFeature) i) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_ACPI:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PAE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HAP:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_VIRIDIAN:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PRIVNET:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HYPERV:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_KVM:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_XEN:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PVSPINLOCK:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PMU:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_VMPORT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_SMM:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_VMCOREINFO:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HTM:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_NESTED_HV:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_CCF_ASSIST:
            if (src->features[i] != dst->features[i]) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("State of feature '%s' differs: "
                                 "source: '%s', destination: '%s'"),
                               featureName,
                               virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->features[i]),
                               virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->features[i]));
                return false;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_CAPABILITIES:
            if (src->features[i] != dst->features[i]) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("State of feature '%s' differs: "
                                 "source: '%s=%s', destination: '%s=%s'"),
                               featureName,
                               "policy",
                               virDomainCapabilitiesPolicyTypeToString(src->features[i]),
                               "policy",
                               virDomainCapabilitiesPolicyTypeToString(dst->features[i]));
                return false;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_GIC:
            if (src->features[i] != dst->features[i] ||
                src->gic_version != dst->gic_version) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("State of feature '%s' differs: "
                                 "source: '%s,%s=%s', destination: '%s,%s=%s'"),
                               featureName,
                               virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->features[i]),
                               "version", virGICVersionTypeToString(src->gic_version),
                               virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->features[i]),
                               "version", virGICVersionTypeToString(dst->gic_version));
                return false;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HPT:
            if (src->features[i] != dst->features[i] ||
                src->hpt_resizing != dst->hpt_resizing ||
                src->hpt_maxpagesize != dst->hpt_maxpagesize) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("State of feature '%s' differs: "
                                 "source: '%s,%s=%s,%s=%llu', destination: '%s,%s=%s,%s=%llu'"),
                               featureName,
                               virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->features[i]),
                               "resizing", virDomainHPTResizingTypeToString(src->hpt_resizing),
                               "maxpagesize", src->hpt_maxpagesize,
                               virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->features[i]),
                               "resizing", virDomainHPTResizingTypeToString(dst->hpt_resizing),
                               "maxpagesize", dst->hpt_maxpagesize);
                return false;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_APIC:
            if (src->features[i] != dst->features[i] ||
                src->apic_eoi != dst->apic_eoi) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("State of feature '%s' differs: "
                                 "source: '%s,%s=%s', destination: '%s,%s=%s'"),
                               featureName,
                               virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->features[i]),
                               "eoi", virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->apic_eoi),
                               virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->features[i]),
                               "eoi", virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->apic_eoi));
                return false;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_IOAPIC:
            if (src->features[i] != dst->features[i]) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("State of feature '%s' differs: "
                                 "source: '%s=%s', destination: '%s=%s'"),
                               featureName,
                               "driver", virDomainIOAPICTypeToString(src->features[i]),
                               "driver", virDomainIOAPICTypeToString(dst->features[i]));
                return false;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_CFPC:
            if (src->features[i] != dst->features[i]) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("State of feature '%s' differs: "
                                 "source: '%s=%s', destination: '%s=%s'"),
                               featureName,
                               "value", virDomainCFPCTypeToString(src->features[i]),
                               "value", virDomainCFPCTypeToString(dst->features[i]));
                return false;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_SBBC:
            if (src->features[i] != dst->features[i]) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("State of feature '%s' differs: "
                                 "source: '%s=%s', destination: '%s=%s'"),
                               featureName,
                               "value", virDomainSBBCTypeToString(src->features[i]),
                               "value", virDomainSBBCTypeToString(dst->features[i]));
                return false;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_IBS:
            if (src->features[i] != dst->features[i]) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("State of feature '%s' differs: "
                                 "source: '%s=%s', destination: '%s=%s'"),
                               featureName,
                               "value", virDomainIBSTypeToString(src->features[i]),
                               "value", virDomainIBSTypeToString(dst->features[i]));
                return false;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_MSRS:
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_LAST:
            break;
        }
    }

    /* hyperv */
    if (src->features[VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HYPERV] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_LAST; i++) {
            switch ((virDomainHyperv) i) {
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_RELAXED:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VAPIC:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VPINDEX:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_RUNTIME:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_SYNIC:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_STIMER:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_RESET:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_FREQUENCIES:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_REENLIGHTENMENT:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_TLBFLUSH:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_IPI:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_EVMCS:
                if (src->hyperv_features[i] != dst->hyperv_features[i]) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("State of HyperV enlightenment "
                                     "feature '%s' differs: "
                                     "source: '%s', destination: '%s'"),
                                   virDomainHypervTypeToString(i),
                                   virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->hyperv_features[i]),
                                   virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->hyperv_features[i]));
                    return false;
                }

                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_SPINLOCKS:
                /* spinlock count matters! */
                if (src->hyperv_spinlocks != dst->hyperv_spinlocks) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("HyperV spinlock retry count differs: "
                                     "source: '%u', destination: '%u'"),
                                   src->hyperv_spinlocks,
                                   dst->hyperv_spinlocks);
                    return false;
                }
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VENDOR_ID:
                if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(src->hyperv_vendor_id, dst->hyperv_vendor_id)) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("HyperV vendor_id differs: "
                                     "source: '%s', destination: '%s'"),
                                   src->hyperv_vendor_id,
                                   dst->hyperv_vendor_id);
                    return false;
                }
                break;

            /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
            case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_LAST:
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    if (src->hyperv_features[VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_STIMER] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        if (src->hyperv_stimer_direct != dst->hyperv_stimer_direct) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("State of HyperV stimer direct feature differs: "
                             "source: '%s', destination: '%s'"),
                           virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->hyperv_stimer_direct),
                           virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->hyperv_stimer_direct));
            return false;
        }
    }

    /* xen */
    if (src->features[VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_XEN] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_LAST; i++) {
            if (src->xen_features[i] != dst->xen_features[i]) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                               _("State of Xen feature '%s' differs: "
                                 "source: '%s', destination: '%s'"),
                               virDomainXenTypeToString(i),
                               virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->xen_features[i]),
                               virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->xen_features[i]));
                return false;
            }
            switch ((virDomainXen) i) {
            case VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_E820_HOST:
                break;

            case VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_PASSTHROUGH:
                if (src->xen_passthrough_mode != dst->xen_passthrough_mode) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("'mode' of Xen passthrough feature differs: "
                                     "source: '%s', destination: '%s'"),
                                   virDomainXenPassthroughModeTypeToString(src->xen_passthrough_mode),
                                   virDomainXenPassthroughModeTypeToString(dst->xen_passthrough_mode));
                    return false;
                }
                break;

            /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
            case VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_LAST:
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    /* kvm */
    if (src->features[VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_KVM] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_LAST; i++) {
            switch ((virDomainKVM) i) {
            case VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_HIDDEN:
            case VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_DEDICATED:
                if (src->kvm_features[i] != dst->kvm_features[i]) {
                    virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                                   _("State of KVM feature '%s' differs: "
                                     "source: '%s', destination: '%s'"),
                                   virDomainKVMTypeToString(i),
                                   virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->kvm_features[i]),
                                   virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->kvm_features[i]));
                    return false;
                }

                break;

            /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
            case VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_LAST:
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    /* smm */
    if (src->features[VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_SMM] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
        if (src->tseg_specified != dst->tseg_specified) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("SMM TSEG differs: source: %s, destination: '%s'"),
                           src->tseg_specified ? _("specified") : _("not specified"),
                           dst->tseg_specified ? _("specified") : _("not specified"));
            return false;
        }

        if (src->tseg_specified &&
            src->tseg_size != dst->tseg_size) {
            const char *unit_src, *unit_dst;
            unsigned long long short_size_src = virFormatIntPretty(src->tseg_size,
                                                                   &unit_src);
            unsigned long long short_size_dst = virFormatIntPretty(dst->tseg_size,
                                                                   &unit_dst);

            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Size of SMM TSEG size differs: "
                             "source: '%llu %s', destination: '%llu %s'"),
                           short_size_src, unit_src,
                           short_size_dst, unit_dst);
            return false;
        }
    }

    return true;
}

static bool
virDomainPanicDefCheckABIStability(virDomainPanicDefPtr src,
                                   virDomainPanicDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target panic model '%s' does not match source '%s'"),
                       virDomainPanicModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainPanicModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    return virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info);
}


static bool
virDomainShmemDefCheckABIStability(virDomainShmemDefPtr src,
                                   virDomainShmemDefPtr dst)
{
    if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(src->name, dst->name)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target shared memory name '%s' does not match source "
                         "'%s'"), dst->name, src->name);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target shared memory model '%s' does not match "
                         "source model '%s'"),
                       virDomainShmemModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainShmemModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->size != dst->size) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target shared memory size '%llu' does not match "
                         "source size '%llu'"), dst->size, src->size);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->server.enabled != dst->server.enabled) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target shared memory server usage doesn't match "
                         "source"));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->msi.vectors != dst->msi.vectors ||
        src->msi.enabled != dst->msi.enabled ||
        src->msi.ioeventfd != dst->msi.ioeventfd) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target shared memory MSI configuration doesn't match "
                         "source"));
        return false;
    }

    return virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info);
}


static bool
virDomainTPMDefCheckABIStability(virDomainTPMDefPtr src,
                                 virDomainTPMDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->type != dst->type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target TPM device type doesn't match source"));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target TPM device model doesn't match source"));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->version != dst->version) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target TPM version doesn't match source"));
        return false;
    }

    return virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info);
}


static bool
virDomainMemtuneCheckABIStability(const virDomainDef *src,
                                  const virDomainDef *dst,
                                  unsigned int flags)
{
    if (virDomainDefGetMemoryInitial(src) != virDomainDefGetMemoryInitial(dst)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain max memory %lld "
                         "does not match source %lld"),
                       virDomainDefGetMemoryInitial(dst),
                       virDomainDefGetMemoryInitial(src));
        return false;
    }

    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_ABI_CHECK_SKIP_VOLATILE) &&
        src->mem.cur_balloon != dst->mem.cur_balloon) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain current memory %lld "
                         "does not match source %lld"),
                       dst->mem.cur_balloon,
                       src->mem.cur_balloon);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->mem.max_memory != dst->mem.max_memory) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target maximum memory size '%llu' "
                         "doesn't match source '%llu'"),
                       dst->mem.max_memory,
                       src->mem.max_memory);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->mem.memory_slots != dst->mem.memory_slots) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain memory slots "
                         "count '%u' doesn't match source '%u'"),
                       dst->mem.memory_slots,
                       src->mem.memory_slots);
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainMemoryDefCheckABIStability(virDomainMemoryDefPtr src,
                                    virDomainMemoryDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target memory device model '%s' "
                         "doesn't match source model '%s'"),
                       virDomainMemoryModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainMemoryModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    if (src->targetNode != dst->targetNode) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target memory device targetNode '%d' "
                         "doesn't match source targetNode '%d'"),
                       dst->targetNode, src->targetNode);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->size != dst->size) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target memory device size '%llu' doesn't match "
                         "source memory device size '%llu'"),
                       dst->size, src->size);
        return false;
    }

    if (src->model == VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NVDIMM) {
        if (src->labelsize != dst->labelsize) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target NVDIMM label size '%llu' doesn't match "
                             "source NVDIMM label size '%llu'"),
                           src->labelsize, dst->labelsize);
            return false;
        }

        if (src->alignsize != dst->alignsize) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Target NVDIMM alignment '%llu' doesn't match "
                             "source NVDIMM alignment '%llu'"),
                           src->alignsize, dst->alignsize);
            return false;
        }

        if (src->nvdimmPmem != dst->nvdimmPmem) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("Target NVDIMM pmem flag doesn't match "
                             "source NVDIMM pmem flag"));
            return false;
        }

        if (src->readonly != dst->readonly) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("Target NVDIMM readonly flag doesn't match "
                             "source NVDIMM readonly flag"));
            return false;
        }
    }

    return virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info);
}


static bool
virDomainIOMMUDefCheckABIStability(virDomainIOMMUDefPtr src,
                                   virDomainIOMMUDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain IOMMU device model '%s' "
                         "does not match source '%s'"),
                       virDomainIOMMUModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainIOMMUModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }
    if (src->intremap != dst->intremap) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain IOMMU device intremap value '%s' "
                         "does not match source '%s'"),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->intremap),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->intremap));
        return false;
    }
    if (src->caching_mode != dst->caching_mode) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain IOMMU device caching mode '%s' "
                         "does not match source '%s'"),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->caching_mode),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->caching_mode));
        return false;
    }
    if (src->eim != dst->eim) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain IOMMU device eim value '%s' "
                         "does not match source '%s'"),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->eim),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->eim));
        return false;
    }
    if (src->iotlb != dst->iotlb) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain IOMMU device iotlb value '%s' "
                         "does not match source '%s'"),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(dst->iotlb),
                       virTristateSwitchTypeToString(src->iotlb));
        return false;
    }
    if (src->aw_bits != dst->aw_bits) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain IOMMU device aw_bits value '%d' "
                         "does not match source '%d'"),
                       dst->aw_bits, src->aw_bits);
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainVsockDefCheckABIStability(virDomainVsockDefPtr src,
                                   virDomainVsockDefPtr dst)
{
    if (src->model != dst->model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain vsock device model '%s' "
                         "does not match source '%s'"),
                       virDomainVsockModelTypeToString(dst->model),
                       virDomainVsockModelTypeToString(src->model));
        return false;
    }

    if (!virDomainDeviceInfoCheckABIStability(&src->info, &dst->info))
        return false;

    return true;
}


static bool
virDomainDefVcpuCheckAbiStability(virDomainDefPtr src,
                                  virDomainDefPtr dst)
{
    size_t i;

    if (src->maxvcpus != dst->maxvcpus) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain vCPU max %zu does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->maxvcpus, src->maxvcpus);
        return false;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->maxvcpus; i++) {
        virDomainVcpuDefPtr svcpu = src->vcpus[i];
        virDomainVcpuDefPtr dvcpu = dst->vcpus[i];

        if (svcpu->online != dvcpu->online) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("State of vCPU '%zu' differs between source and "
                             "destination definitions"), i);
            return false;
        }

        if (svcpu->order != dvcpu->order) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("vcpu enable order of vCPU '%zu' differs between "
                             "source and destination definitions"), i);
            return false;
        }
    }

    return true;
}


/* This compares two configurations and looks for any differences
 * which will affect the guest ABI. This is primarily to allow
 * validation of custom XML config passed in during migration
 */
bool
virDomainDefCheckABIStabilityFlags(virDomainDefPtr src,
                                   virDomainDefPtr dst,
                                   virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                                   unsigned int flags)
{
    size_t i;
    virErrorPtr err;
    g_autofree char *strSrc = NULL;
    g_autofree char *strDst = NULL;

    if (src->virtType != dst->virtType) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain virt type %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainVirtTypeToString(dst->virtType),
                       virDomainVirtTypeToString(src->virtType));
        goto error;
    }

    if (memcmp(src->uuid, dst->uuid, VIR_UUID_BUFLEN) != 0) {
        char uuidsrc[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];
        char uuiddst[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];
        virUUIDFormat(src->uuid, uuidsrc);
        virUUIDFormat(dst->uuid, uuiddst);
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain uuid %s does not match source %s"),
                       uuiddst, uuidsrc);
        goto error;
    }

    if (src->genidRequested != dst->genidRequested) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target domain requested genid does not match source"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (src->genidRequested &&
        memcmp(src->genid, dst->genid, VIR_UUID_BUFLEN) != 0) {
        char guidsrc[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];
        char guiddst[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];

        virUUIDFormat(src->genid, guidsrc);
        virUUIDFormat(dst->genid, guiddst);
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain genid %s does not match source %s"),
                       guiddst, guidsrc);
        goto error;
    }

    /* Not strictly ABI related, but we want to make sure domains
     * don't get silently re-named through the backdoor when passing
     * custom XML into various APIs, since this would create havoc
     */
    if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(src->name, dst->name)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain name '%s' does not match source '%s'"),
                       dst->name, src->name);
        goto error;
    }

    if (!virDomainMemtuneCheckABIStability(src, dst, flags))
        goto error;

    if (!virDomainNumaCheckABIStability(src->numa, dst->numa))
        goto error;

    if (!virDomainDefVcpuCheckAbiStability(src, dst))
        goto error;

    if (src->os.type != dst->os.type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain OS type %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainOSTypeToString(dst->os.type),
                       virDomainOSTypeToString(src->os.type));
        goto error;
    }
    if (src->os.arch != dst->os.arch) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain architecture %s does not match source %s"),
                       virArchToString(dst->os.arch),
                       virArchToString(src->os.arch));
        goto error;
    }
    if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(src->os.machine, dst->os.machine)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                    _("Target domain machine type %s does not match source %s"),
                    dst->os.machine, src->os.machine);
        goto error;
    }

    if (src->os.smbios_mode != dst->os.smbios_mode) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain SMBIOS mode %s does not match source %s"),
                       virDomainSmbiosModeTypeToString(dst->os.smbios_mode),
                       virDomainSmbiosModeTypeToString(src->os.smbios_mode));
        goto error;
    }

    if (!virDomainDefFeaturesCheckABIStability(src, dst))
        goto error;

    if (src->clock.ntimers != dst->clock.ntimers) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target domain timers do not match source"));
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->clock.ntimers; i++) {
        if (!virDomainTimerDefCheckABIStability(src->clock.timers[i],
                                                dst->clock.timers[i]))
            goto error;
    }

    if (!virCPUDefIsEqual(src->cpu, dst->cpu, true))
        goto error;

    if (src->nsysinfo != dst->nsysinfo) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target domain count of sysinfo does not match source"));
            goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nsysinfo; i++) {
        if (!virSysinfoIsEqual(src->sysinfo[i], dst->sysinfo[i]))
            goto error;
    }

    if (src->ndisks != dst->ndisks) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain disk count %zu does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->ndisks, src->ndisks);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->ndisks; i++)
        if (!virDomainDiskDefCheckABIStability(src->disks[i], dst->disks[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->ncontrollers != dst->ncontrollers) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain controller count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->ncontrollers, src->ncontrollers);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->ncontrollers; i++)
        if (!virDomainControllerDefCheckABIStability(src->controllers[i],
                                                     dst->controllers[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nfss != dst->nfss) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain filesystem count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nfss, src->nfss);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nfss; i++)
        if (!virDomainFsDefCheckABIStability(src->fss[i], dst->fss[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nnets != dst->nnets) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain net card count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nnets, src->nnets);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nnets; i++)
        if (!virDomainNetDefCheckABIStability(src->nets[i], dst->nets[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->ninputs != dst->ninputs) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain input device count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->ninputs, src->ninputs);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->ninputs; i++)
        if (!virDomainInputDefCheckABIStability(src->inputs[i], dst->inputs[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nsounds != dst->nsounds) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain sound card count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nsounds, src->nsounds);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nsounds; i++)
        if (!virDomainSoundDefCheckABIStability(src->sounds[i], dst->sounds[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nvideos != dst->nvideos) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain video card count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nvideos, src->nvideos);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nvideos; i++)
        if (!virDomainVideoDefCheckABIStability(src->videos[i], dst->videos[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nhostdevs != dst->nhostdevs) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain host device count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nhostdevs, src->nhostdevs);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nhostdevs; i++)
        if (!virDomainHostdevDefCheckABIStability(src->hostdevs[i],
                                                  dst->hostdevs[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nsmartcards != dst->nsmartcards) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain smartcard count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nsmartcards, src->nsmartcards);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nsmartcards; i++)
        if (!virDomainSmartcardDefCheckABIStability(src->smartcards[i],
                                                    dst->smartcards[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nserials != dst->nserials) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain serial port count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nserials, src->nserials);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nserials; i++)
        if (!virDomainSerialDefCheckABIStability(src->serials[i],
                                                 dst->serials[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nparallels != dst->nparallels) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain parallel port count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nparallels, src->nparallels);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nparallels; i++)
        if (!virDomainParallelDefCheckABIStability(src->parallels[i],
                                                   dst->parallels[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nchannels != dst->nchannels) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain channel count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nchannels, src->nchannels);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nchannels; i++)
        if (!virDomainChannelDefCheckABIStability(src->channels[i],
                                                  dst->channels[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nconsoles != dst->nconsoles) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain console count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nconsoles, src->nconsoles);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nconsoles; i++)
        if (!virDomainConsoleDefCheckABIStability(src->consoles[i],
                                                  dst->consoles[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nhubs != dst->nhubs) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain hub device count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nhubs, src->nhubs);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nhubs; i++)
        if (!virDomainHubDefCheckABIStability(src->hubs[i], dst->hubs[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->nredirdevs != dst->nredirdevs) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain redirected devices count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->nredirdevs, src->nredirdevs);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nredirdevs; i++) {
        if (!virDomainRedirdevDefCheckABIStability(src->redirdevs[i],
                                                   dst->redirdevs[i]))
            goto error;
    }

    if ((!src->redirfilter && dst->redirfilter) ||
        (src->redirfilter && !dst->redirfilter)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain USB redirection filter count %d "
                         "does not match source %d"),
                       dst->redirfilter ? 1 : 0, src->redirfilter ? 1 : 0);
        goto error;
    }

    if (src->redirfilter &&
        !virDomainRedirFilterDefCheckABIStability(src->redirfilter,
                                                  dst->redirfilter))
        goto error;

    if ((!src->watchdog && dst->watchdog) ||
        (src->watchdog && !dst->watchdog)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain watchdog count %d "
                         "does not match source %d"),
                       dst->watchdog ? 1 : 0, src->watchdog ? 1 : 0);
        goto error;
    }

    if (src->watchdog &&
        !virDomainWatchdogDefCheckABIStability(src->watchdog, dst->watchdog))
        goto error;

    if ((!src->memballoon && dst->memballoon) ||
        (src->memballoon && !dst->memballoon)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain memory balloon count %d "
                         "does not match source %d"),
                       dst->memballoon ? 1 : 0, src->memballoon ? 1 : 0);
        goto error;
    }

    if (src->memballoon &&
        !virDomainMemballoonDefCheckABIStability(src->memballoon,
                                                 dst->memballoon))
        goto error;

    if (src->nrngs != dst->nrngs) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain RNG device count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"), dst->nrngs, src->nrngs);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nrngs; i++)
        if (!virDomainRNGDefCheckABIStability(src->rngs[i], dst->rngs[i]))
            goto error;

    if (src->npanics != dst->npanics) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain panic device count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"), dst->npanics, src->npanics);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->npanics; i++) {
        if (!virDomainPanicDefCheckABIStability(src->panics[i], dst->panics[i]))
            goto error;
    }

    if (src->nshmems != dst->nshmems) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain shared memory device count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"), dst->nshmems, src->nshmems);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nshmems; i++) {
        if (!virDomainShmemDefCheckABIStability(src->shmems[i], dst->shmems[i]))
            goto error;
    }

    if (src->ntpms != dst->ntpms) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain TPM device count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"),
                       dst->ntpms, src->ntpms);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->ntpms; i++) {
        if (!virDomainTPMDefCheckABIStability(src->tpms[i], dst->tpms[i]))
            goto error;
    }

    if (src->nmems != dst->nmems) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Target domain memory device count %zu "
                         "does not match source %zu"), dst->nmems, src->nmems);
        goto error;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < src->nmems; i++) {
        if (!virDomainMemoryDefCheckABIStability(src->mems[i], dst->mems[i]))
            goto error;
    }

    if (!!src->iommu != !!dst->iommu) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target domain IOMMU device count "
                         "does not match source"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (src->iommu &&
        !virDomainIOMMUDefCheckABIStability(src->iommu, dst->iommu))
        goto error;

    if (!!src->vsock != !!dst->vsock) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Target domain vsock device count "
                         "does not match source"));
        goto error;
    }

    if (src->vsock &&
        !virDomainVsockDefCheckABIStability(src->vsock, dst->vsock))
        goto error;

    if (xmlopt && xmlopt->abi.domain &&
        !xmlopt->abi.domain(src, dst))
        goto error;

    /* Coverity is not very happy with this - all dead_error_condition */
#if !STATIC_ANALYSIS
    /* This switch statement is here to trigger compiler warning when adding
     * a new device type. When you are adding a new field to the switch you
     * also have to add an check above. Otherwise the switch statement has no
     * real function here and should be optimized out by the compiler. */
    i = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST;
    switch ((virDomainDeviceType) i) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LEASE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_FS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SOUND:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_WATCHDOG:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_GRAPHICS:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SMARTCARD:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMBALLOON:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NVRAM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_RNG:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_TPM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_PANIC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SHMEM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_IOMMU:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VSOCK:
        break;
    }
#endif

    return true;

 error:
    virErrorPreserveLast(&err);

    strSrc = virDomainDefFormat(src, xmlopt, 0);
    strDst = virDomainDefFormat(dst, xmlopt, 0);
    VIR_DEBUG("XMLs that failed stability check were: src=\"%s\", dst=\"%s\"",
              NULLSTR(strSrc), NULLSTR(strDst));

    virErrorRestore(&err);
    return false;
}


bool
virDomainDefCheckABIStability(virDomainDefPtr src,
                              virDomainDefPtr dst,
                              virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    return virDomainDefCheckABIStabilityFlags(src, dst, xmlopt, 0);
}


static int
virDomainDefAddDiskControllersForType(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                      int controllerType,
                                      int diskBus)
{
    size_t i;
    int maxController = -1;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        if (def->disks[i]->bus != diskBus)
            continue;

        if (def->disks[i]->info.type != VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_DRIVE)
            continue;

        if ((int)def->disks[i]->info.addr.drive.controller > maxController)
            maxController = def->disks[i]->info.addr.drive.controller;
    }

    if (maxController == -1)
        return 0;

    for (i = 0; i <= maxController; i++) {
        if (virDomainDefMaybeAddController(def, controllerType, i, -1) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefMaybeAddVirtioSerialController(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    /* Look for any virtio serial or virtio console devs */
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nchannels; i++) {
        virDomainChrDefPtr channel = def->channels[i];

        if (channel->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO) {
            int idx = 0;
            if (channel->info.type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL)
                idx = channel->info.addr.vioserial.controller;

            if (virDomainDefMaybeAddController(def,
                VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL, idx, -1) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->nconsoles; i++) {
        virDomainChrDefPtr console = def->consoles[i];

        if (console->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO) {
            int idx = 0;
            if (console->info.type ==
                VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL)
                idx = console->info.addr.vioserial.controller;

            if (virDomainDefMaybeAddController(def,
                VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL, idx, -1) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefMaybeAddSmartcardController(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    /* Look for any smartcard devs */
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nsmartcards; i++) {
        virDomainSmartcardDefPtr smartcard = def->smartcards[i];
        int idx = 0;

        if (smartcard->info.type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCID) {
            idx = smartcard->info.addr.ccid.controller;
        } else if (smartcard->info.type
                   == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_NONE) {
            size_t j;
            int max = -1;

            for (j = 0; j < def->nsmartcards; j++) {
                virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info = &def->smartcards[j]->info;
                if (info->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCID &&
                    info->addr.ccid.controller == 0 &&
                    (int) info->addr.ccid.slot > max)
                    max = info->addr.ccid.slot;
            }
            smartcard->info.type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ADDRESS_TYPE_CCID;
            smartcard->info.addr.ccid.controller = 0;
            smartcard->info.addr.ccid.slot = max + 1;
        }

        if (virDomainDefMaybeAddController(def,
                                           VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_CCID,
                                           idx, -1) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

/*
 * Based on the declared <address/> info for any devices,
 * add necessary drive controllers which are not already present
 * in the XML. This is for compat with existing apps which will
 * not know/care about <controller> info in the XML
 */
static int
virDomainDefAddImplicitControllers(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    if (virDomainDefAddDiskControllersForType(def,
                                              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SCSI,
                                              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SCSI) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefAddDiskControllersForType(def,
                                              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_FDC,
                                              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_FDC) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefAddDiskControllersForType(def,
                                              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_IDE,
                                              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_IDE) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefAddDiskControllersForType(def,
                                              VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_SATA,
                                              VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SATA) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefMaybeAddVirtioSerialController(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefMaybeAddSmartcardController(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefMaybeAddHostdevSCSIcontroller(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainDefAddImplicitVideo(virDomainDefPtr def, virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    int ret = -1;
    virDomainVideoDefPtr video = NULL;

    /* For backwards compatibility, if no <video> tag is set but there
     * is a <graphics> tag, then we add a single video tag */
    if (def->ngraphics == 0 || def->nvideos > 0)
        return 0;

    if (!(video = virDomainVideoDefNew(xmlopt)))
        goto cleanup;
    video->type = VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_TYPE_DEFAULT;
    if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->videos, def->nvideos, video) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virDomainVideoDefFree(video);
    return ret;
}

int
virDomainDefAddImplicitDevices(virDomainDefPtr def, virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    if (virDomainDefAddConsoleCompat(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefAddImplicitControllers(def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDefAddImplicitVideo(def, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr
virDomainIOThreadIDFind(const virDomainDef *def,
                        unsigned int iothread_id)
{
    size_t i;

    if (!def->iothreadids || !def->niothreadids)
        return NULL;

    for (i = 0; i < def->niothreadids; i++) {
        if (iothread_id == def->iothreadids[i]->iothread_id)
            return def->iothreadids[i];
    }

    return NULL;
}

virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr
virDomainIOThreadIDAdd(virDomainDefPtr def,
                       unsigned int iothread_id)
{
    virDomainIOThreadIDDefPtr iothrid = NULL;

    if (VIR_ALLOC(iothrid) < 0)
        goto error;

    iothrid->iothread_id = iothread_id;

    if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT_COPY(def->iothreadids, def->niothreadids,
                                iothrid) < 0)
        goto error;

    return iothrid;

 error:
    virDomainIOThreadIDDefFree(iothrid);
    return NULL;
}


void
virDomainIOThreadIDDel(virDomainDefPtr def,
                       unsigned int iothread_id)
{
    size_t i, j;

    for (i = 0; i < def->niothreadids; i++) {
        if (def->iothreadids[i]->iothread_id == iothread_id) {
            /* If we were sequential and removed a threadid in the
             * beginning or middle of the list, then unconditionally
             * clear the autofill flag so we don't lose these
             * definitions for XML formatting.
             */
            for (j = i + 1; j < def->niothreadids; j++)
                def->iothreadids[j]->autofill = false;

            virDomainIOThreadIDDefFree(def->iothreadids[i]);
            VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->iothreadids, i, def->niothreadids);

            return;
        }
    }
}


static int
virDomainEventActionDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                              int type,
                              const char *name,
                              virEventActionToStringFunc convFunc)
{
    const char *typeStr = convFunc(type);
    if (!typeStr) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected %s action: %d"), name, type);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<%s>%s</%s>\n", name, typeStr, name);

    return 0;
}


static void
virSecurityLabelDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                          virSecurityLabelDefPtr def,
                          unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *sectype = virDomainSeclabelTypeToString(def->type);

    if (!sectype)
        return;

    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_DEFAULT)
        return;

    /* libvirt versions prior to 0.10.0 support just a single seclabel element
     * in the XML, and that would typically be filled with type=selinux.
     * Don't format it in the MIGRATABLE case, for backwards compatibility
     */
    if ((STREQ_NULLABLE(def->model, "dac") ||
         STREQ_NULLABLE(def->model, "none")) && def->implicit &&
         (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE))
        return;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<seclabel type='%s'",
                      sectype);

    virBufferEscapeString(buf, " model='%s'", def->model);

    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_NONE) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        return;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, " relabel='%s'",
                      def->relabel ? "yes" : "no");

    if (def->label || def->imagelabel || def->baselabel) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<label>%s</label>\n",
                              def->label);
        if (def->relabel)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<imagelabel>%s</imagelabel>\n",
                                  def->imagelabel);
        if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SECLABEL_DYNAMIC)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<baselabel>%s</baselabel>\n",
                                  def->baselabel);
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</seclabel>\n");
    } else {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
}


static void
virSecurityDeviceLabelDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                                virSecurityDeviceLabelDefPtr def,
                                unsigned int flags)
{
    /* For offline output, skip elements that allow labels but have no
     * label specified (possible if labelskip was ignored on input).  */
    if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE) && !def->label && def->relabel)
        return;

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<seclabel");

    if (def->model)
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " model='%s'", def->model);

    if (def->labelskip)
        virBufferAddLit(buf, " labelskip='yes'");
    else
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " relabel='%s'", def->relabel ? "yes" : "no");

    if (def->label) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<label>%s</label>\n",
                              def->label);
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</seclabel>\n");
    } else {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
}


static int
virDomainLeaseDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                        virDomainLeaseDefPtr def)
{
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<lease>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<lockspace>%s</lockspace>\n", def->lockspace);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<key>%s</key>\n", def->key);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<target path='%s'", def->path);
    if (def->offset)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " offset='%llu'", def->offset);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</lease>\n");

    return 0;
}

static void
virDomainDiskGeometryDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                               virDomainDiskDefPtr def)
{
    const char *trans =
        virDomainDiskGeometryTransTypeToString(def->geometry.trans);

    if (def->geometry.cylinders > 0 &&
        def->geometry.heads > 0 &&
        def->geometry.sectors > 0) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                          "<geometry cyls='%u' heads='%u' secs='%u'",
                          def->geometry.cylinders,
                          def->geometry.heads,
                          def->geometry.sectors);

        if (def->geometry.trans != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_TRANS_DEFAULT)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " trans='%s'", trans);

        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
}

static void
virDomainDiskBlockIoDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                              virDomainDiskDefPtr def)
{
    if (def->blockio.logical_block_size > 0 ||
        def->blockio.physical_block_size > 0) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<blockio");
        if (def->blockio.logical_block_size > 0) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                              " logical_block_size='%u'",
                              def->blockio.logical_block_size);
        }
        if (def->blockio.physical_block_size > 0) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                              " physical_block_size='%u'",
                              def->blockio.physical_block_size);
        }
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
}


static void
virDomainSourceDefFormatSeclabel(virBufferPtr buf,
                                 size_t nseclabels,
                                 virSecurityDeviceLabelDefPtr *seclabels,
                                 unsigned int flags)
{
    size_t n;

    for (n = 0; n < nseclabels; n++)
        virSecurityDeviceLabelDefFormat(buf, seclabels[n], flags);
}


static void
virDomainDiskSourceFormatNetworkCookies(virBufferPtr buf,
                                        virStorageSourcePtr src,
                                        unsigned int flags)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    size_t i;

    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_SECURE))
        return;

    for (i = 0; i < src->ncookies; i++) {
        virBufferEscapeString(&childBuf, "<cookie name='%s'>", src->cookies[i]->name);
        virBufferEscapeString(&childBuf, "%s</cookie>\n", src->cookies[i]->value);
    }

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "cookies", NULL, &childBuf);
}


static int
virDomainDiskSourceFormatNetwork(virBufferPtr attrBuf,
                                 virBufferPtr childBuf,
                                 virStorageSourcePtr src,
                                 unsigned int flags)
{
    size_t n;
    g_autofree char *path = NULL;

    virBufferAsprintf(attrBuf, " protocol='%s'",
                      virStorageNetProtocolTypeToString(src->protocol));

    if (src->volume)
        path = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", src->volume, src->path);

    virBufferEscapeString(attrBuf, " name='%s'", path ? path : src->path);
    virBufferEscapeString(attrBuf, " query='%s'", src->query);

    if (src->haveTLS != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT &&
        !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE &&
          src->tlsFromConfig))
        virBufferAsprintf(attrBuf, " tls='%s'",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(src->haveTLS));
    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_STATUS)
        virBufferAsprintf(attrBuf, " tlsFromConfig='%d'", src->tlsFromConfig);

    for (n = 0; n < src->nhosts; n++) {
        virBufferAddLit(childBuf, "<host");
        virBufferEscapeString(childBuf, " name='%s'", src->hosts[n].name);

        if (src->hosts[n].port)
            virBufferAsprintf(childBuf, " port='%u'", src->hosts[n].port);

        if (src->hosts[n].transport)
            virBufferAsprintf(childBuf, " transport='%s'",
                              virStorageNetHostTransportTypeToString(src->hosts[n].transport));

        virBufferEscapeString(childBuf, " socket='%s'", src->hosts[n].socket);
        virBufferAddLit(childBuf, "/>\n");
    }

    virBufferEscapeString(childBuf, "<snapshot name='%s'/>\n", src->snapshot);
    virBufferEscapeString(childBuf, "<config file='%s'/>\n", src->configFile);

    virStorageSourceInitiatorFormatXML(&src->initiator, childBuf);

    if (src->sslverify != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(childBuf, "<ssl verify='%s'/>\n",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(src->sslverify));
    }

    virDomainDiskSourceFormatNetworkCookies(childBuf, src, flags);

    if (src->readahead)
        virBufferAsprintf(childBuf, "<readahead size='%llu'/>\n", src->readahead);

    if (src->timeout)
        virBufferAsprintf(childBuf, "<timeout seconds='%llu'/>\n", src->timeout);

    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainDiskSourceNVMeFormat(virBufferPtr attrBuf,
                              virBufferPtr childBuf,
                              const virStorageSourceNVMeDef *nvme)
{
    virBufferAddLit(attrBuf, " type='pci'");
    if (nvme->managed != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT)
        virBufferAsprintf(attrBuf, " managed='%s'",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(nvme->managed));
    virBufferAsprintf(attrBuf, " namespace='%llu'", nvme->namespc);
    virPCIDeviceAddressFormat(childBuf, nvme->pciAddr, false);
}


static int
virDomainDiskSourceFormatPrivateData(virBufferPtr buf,
                                     virStorageSourcePtr src,
                                     unsigned int flags,
                                     virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_STATUS) ||
        !xmlopt || !xmlopt->privateData.storageFormat)
        return 0;

    if (xmlopt->privateData.storageFormat(src, &childBuf) < 0)
        return -1;

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "privateData", NULL, &childBuf);
    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainDiskSourceFormatSlice(virBufferPtr buf,
                               const char *slicetype,
                               virStorageSourceSlicePtr slice)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

    if (!slice)
        return;

    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " type='%s'", slicetype);
    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " offset='%llu'", slice->offset);
    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " size='%llu'", slice->size);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "slice", &attrBuf, NULL);
}


static void
virDomainDiskSourceFormatSlices(virBufferPtr buf,
                                virStorageSourcePtr src)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    virDomainDiskSourceFormatSlice(&childBuf, "storage", src->sliceStorage);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "slices", NULL, &childBuf);
}


/**
 * virDomainDiskSourceFormat:
 * @buf: output buffer
 * @src: storage source definition to format
 * @element: name to use for the top-level element (often "source")
 * @policy: startup policy attribute value, if necessary
 * @attrIndex: the 'index' attribute of <source> is formatted if true
 * @flags: XML formatter flags
 * @skipAuth: Skip formatting of <auth>
 * @skipEnc: Skip formatting of <encryption>
 *                 regardless of the original definition state
 * @xmlopt: XML formatter callbacks
 *
 * Formats @src into a <source> element. Note that this doesn't format the
 * 'type' and 'format' properties of @src.
 */
int
virDomainDiskSourceFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                          virStorageSourcePtr src,
                          const char *element,
                          int policy,
                          bool attrIndex,
                          unsigned int flags,
                          bool skipAuth,
                          bool skipEnc,
                          virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    switch ((virStorageType)src->type) {
    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_FILE:
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " file='%s'", src->path);
        break;

    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_BLOCK:
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " dev='%s'", src->path);
        break;

    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_DIR:
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " dir='%s'", src->path);
        break;

    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK:
        if (virDomainDiskSourceFormatNetwork(&attrBuf, &childBuf,
                                             src, flags) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_VOLUME:
        if (src->srcpool) {
            virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " pool='%s'", src->srcpool->pool);
            virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " volume='%s'",
                                  src->srcpool->volume);
            if (src->srcpool->mode)
                virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " mode='%s'",
                                  virStorageSourcePoolModeTypeToString(src->srcpool->mode));
        }

        break;

    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NVME:
        virDomainDiskSourceNVMeFormat(&attrBuf, &childBuf, src->nvme);
        break;

    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NONE:
    case VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_LAST:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected disk type %d"), src->type);
        return -1;
    }

    virDomainDiskSourceFormatSlices(&childBuf, src);

    if (src->type != VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK)
        virDomainSourceDefFormatSeclabel(&childBuf, src->nseclabels,
                                         src->seclabels, flags);

    /* Storage Source formatting will not carry through the blunder
     * that disk source formatting had at one time to format the
     * <auth> for a volume source type. The <auth> information is
     * kept in the storage pool and would be overwritten anyway.
     * So avoid formatting it for volumes. */
    if (src->auth && !skipAuth && src->type != VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_VOLUME)
        virStorageAuthDefFormat(&childBuf, src->auth);

    if (src->encryption && !skipEnc &&
        virStorageEncryptionFormat(&childBuf, src->encryption) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (src->pr)
        virStoragePRDefFormat(&childBuf, src->pr,
                              flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE);
    if (policy && src->type != VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK)
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " startupPolicy='%s'",
                              virDomainStartupPolicyTypeToString(policy));

    if (attrIndex && src->id != 0)
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " index='%u'", src->id);

    if (virDomainDiskSourceFormatPrivateData(&childBuf, src, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, element, &attrBuf, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}


int
virDomainDiskBackingStoreFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                                virStorageSourcePtr src,
                                virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                                unsigned int flags)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    bool inactive = flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE;
    virStorageSourcePtr backingStore = src->backingStore;

    if (!backingStore)
        return 0;

    /* don't write detected backing chain members to inactive xml */
    if (inactive && backingStore->detected)
        return 0;

    if (backingStore->type == VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NONE) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<backingStore/>\n");
        return 0;
    }

    if (backingStore->format <= 0 || backingStore->format >= VIR_STORAGE_FILE_LAST) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected disk backing store format %d"),
                       backingStore->format);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " type='%s'",
                      virStorageTypeToString(backingStore->type));
    if (backingStore->id != 0)
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " index='%u'", backingStore->id);

    virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<format type='%s'/>\n",
                      virStorageFileFormatTypeToString(backingStore->format));
    if (virDomainDiskSourceFormat(&childBuf, backingStore, "source", 0, false,
                                  flags, false, false, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDiskBackingStoreFormat(&childBuf, backingStore, xmlopt, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "backingStore", &attrBuf, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}


#define FORMAT_IOTUNE(val) \
        if (disk->blkdeviotune.val) { \
            virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<" #val ">%llu</" #val ">\n", \
                              disk->blkdeviotune.val); \
        }

static int
virDomainDiskDefFormatIotune(virBufferPtr buf,
                             virDomainDiskDefPtr disk)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    FORMAT_IOTUNE(total_bytes_sec);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(read_bytes_sec);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(write_bytes_sec);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(total_iops_sec);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(read_iops_sec);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(write_iops_sec);

    FORMAT_IOTUNE(total_bytes_sec_max);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(read_bytes_sec_max);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(write_bytes_sec_max);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(total_iops_sec_max);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(read_iops_sec_max);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(write_iops_sec_max);

    if (disk->blkdeviotune.size_iops_sec) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<size_iops_sec>%llu</size_iops_sec>\n",
                          disk->blkdeviotune.size_iops_sec);
    }

    if (disk->blkdeviotune.group_name) {
        virBufferEscapeString(&childBuf, "<group_name>%s</group_name>\n",
                              disk->blkdeviotune.group_name);
    }

    FORMAT_IOTUNE(total_bytes_sec_max_length);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(read_bytes_sec_max_length);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(write_bytes_sec_max_length);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(total_iops_sec_max_length);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(read_iops_sec_max_length);
    FORMAT_IOTUNE(write_iops_sec_max_length);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "iotune", NULL, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}

#undef FORMAT_IOTUNE


static int
virDomainDiskDefFormatDriver(virBufferPtr buf,
                             virDomainDiskDefPtr disk)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) driverBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

    virBufferEscapeString(&driverBuf, " name='%s'", virDomainDiskGetDriver(disk));

    if (disk->src->format > 0)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " type='%s'",
                          virStorageFileFormatTypeToString(disk->src->format));

    if (disk->cachemode)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " cache='%s'",
                          virDomainDiskCacheTypeToString(disk->cachemode));

    if (disk->error_policy)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " error_policy='%s'",
                          virDomainDiskErrorPolicyTypeToString(disk->error_policy));

    if (disk->rerror_policy)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " rerror_policy='%s'",
                          virDomainDiskErrorPolicyTypeToString(disk->rerror_policy));

    if (disk->iomode)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " io='%s'",
                          virDomainDiskIoTypeToString(disk->iomode));

    if (disk->ioeventfd)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " ioeventfd='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(disk->ioeventfd));

    if (disk->event_idx)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " event_idx='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(disk->event_idx));

    if (disk->copy_on_read)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " copy_on_read='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(disk->copy_on_read));

    if (disk->discard)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " discard='%s'",
                          virDomainDiskDiscardTypeToString(disk->discard));

    if (disk->iothread)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " iothread='%u'", disk->iothread);

    if (disk->detect_zeroes)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " detect_zeroes='%s'",
                          virDomainDiskDetectZeroesTypeToString(disk->detect_zeroes));

    if (disk->queues)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " queues='%u'", disk->queues);

    virDomainVirtioOptionsFormat(&driverBuf, disk->virtio);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "driver", &driverBuf, NULL);
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskDefFormatMirror(virBufferPtr buf,
                             virDomainDiskDefPtr disk,
                             unsigned int flags,
                             virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    const char *formatStr = NULL;

    /* For now, mirroring is currently output-only: we only output it
     * for live domains, therefore we ignore it on input except for
     * the internal parse on libvirtd restart.  We prefer to output
     * the new style similar to backingStore, but for back-compat on
     * blockcopy files we also have to output old style attributes.
     * The parser accepts either style across libvirtd upgrades. */

    if (!disk->mirror ||
        (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE))
        return 0;

    if (disk->mirror->format)
        formatStr = virStorageFileFormatTypeToString(disk->mirror->format);
    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " type='%s'",
                      virStorageTypeToString(disk->mirror->type));
    if (disk->mirror->type == VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_FILE &&
        disk->mirrorJob == VIR_DOMAIN_BLOCK_JOB_TYPE_COPY) {
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " file='%s'", disk->mirror->path);
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " format='%s'", formatStr);
    }
    virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " job='%s'",
                          virDomainBlockJobTypeToString(disk->mirrorJob));
    if (disk->mirrorState)
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " ready='%s'",
                              virDomainDiskMirrorStateTypeToString(disk->mirrorState));

    virBufferEscapeString(&childBuf, "<format type='%s'/>\n", formatStr);
    if (virDomainDiskSourceFormat(&childBuf, disk->mirror, "source", 0, true,
                                  flags, false, false, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDiskBackingStoreFormat(&childBuf, disk->mirror, xmlopt, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "mirror", &attrBuf, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskDefFormatPrivateData(virBufferPtr buf,
                                  virDomainDiskDefPtr disk,
                                  unsigned int flags,
                                  virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_STATUS) ||
        !xmlopt ||
        !xmlopt->privateData.diskFormat)
        return 0;

    if (xmlopt->privateData.diskFormat(disk, &childBuf) < 0)
        return -1;

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "privateData", NULL, &childBuf);
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                       virDomainDiskDefPtr def,
                       unsigned int flags,
                       virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    const char *type = virStorageTypeToString(def->src->type);
    const char *device = virDomainDiskDeviceTypeToString(def->device);
    const char *bus = virDomainDiskBusTypeToString(def->bus);
    const char *sgio = virDomainDeviceSGIOTypeToString(def->sgio);

    if (!type || !def->src->type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected disk type %d"), def->src->type);
        return -1;
    }
    if (!device) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected disk device %d"), def->device);
        return -1;
    }
    if (!bus) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected disk bus %d"), def->bus);
        return -1;
    }
    if (!sgio) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Unexpected disk sgio mode '%d'"), def->sgio);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                      "<disk type='%s' device='%s'",
                      type, device);

    if (def->model) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " model='%s'",
                          virDomainDiskModelTypeToString(def->model));
    }

    if (def->rawio) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " rawio='%s'",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->rawio));
    }

    if (def->sgio)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " sgio='%s'", sgio);

    if (def->snapshot &&
        !(def->snapshot == VIR_DOMAIN_SNAPSHOT_LOCATION_NONE &&
          def->src->readonly))
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " snapshot='%s'",
                          virDomainSnapshotLocationTypeToString(def->snapshot));
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    if (virDomainDiskDefFormatDriver(buf, def) < 0)
        return -1;

    /* Format as child of <disk> if defined there; otherwise,
     * if defined as child of <source>, then format later */
    if (def->src->auth && def->diskElementAuth)
        virStorageAuthDefFormat(buf, def->src->auth);

    if (virDomainDiskSourceFormat(buf, def->src, "source", def->startupPolicy,
                                  true, flags,
                                  def->diskElementAuth, def->diskElementEnc,
                                  xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    /* Don't format backingStore to inactive XMLs until the code for
     * persistent storage of backing chains is ready. */
    if (virDomainDiskBackingStoreFormat(buf, def->src, xmlopt, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<backenddomain name='%s'/>\n", def->domain_name);

    virDomainDiskGeometryDefFormat(buf, def);
    virDomainDiskBlockIoDefFormat(buf, def);

    if (virDomainDiskDefFormatMirror(buf, def, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<target dev='%s' bus='%s'",
                      def->dst, bus);
    if ((def->device == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_FLOPPY ||
         def->device == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DEVICE_CDROM) &&
        def->tray_status != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_TRAY_CLOSED)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " tray='%s'",
                          virDomainDiskTrayTypeToString(def->tray_status));
    if (def->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_USB &&
        def->removable != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " removable='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->removable));
    }
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");

    if (virDomainDiskDefFormatIotune(buf, def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->src->readonly)
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<readonly/>\n");
    if (def->src->shared)
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<shareable/>\n");
    if (def->transient)
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<transient/>\n");
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<serial>%s</serial>\n", def->serial);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<wwn>%s</wwn>\n", def->wwn);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<vendor>%s</vendor>\n", def->vendor);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<product>%s</product>\n", def->product);

    /* If originally found as a child of <disk>, then format thusly;
     * otherwise, will be formatted as child of <source> */
    if (def->src->encryption && def->diskElementEnc &&
        virStorageEncryptionFormat(buf, def->src->encryption) < 0)
        return -1;
    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info,
                                  flags | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ALLOW_BOOT) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (virDomainDiskDefFormatPrivateData(buf, def, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
        return -1;

    /* format diskElementAuth and diskElementEnc into status XML to preserve
     * formatting */
    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_STATUS) {
        g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

        if (def->diskElementAuth)
            virBufferAddLit(&attrBuf, " auth='true'");
        if (def->diskElementEnc)
            virBufferAddLit(&attrBuf, " enc='true'");

        virXMLFormatElement(buf, "diskSecretsPlacement", &attrBuf, NULL);
    }

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</disk>\n");
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainControllerDriverFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                                virDomainControllerDefPtr def)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) driverBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

    if (def->queues)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " queues='%u'", def->queues);

    if (def->cmd_per_lun)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " cmd_per_lun='%u'", def->cmd_per_lun);

    if (def->max_sectors)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " max_sectors='%u'", def->max_sectors);

    if (def->ioeventfd) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " ioeventfd='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->ioeventfd));
    }

    if (def->iothread)
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverBuf, " iothread='%u'", def->iothread);

    virDomainVirtioOptionsFormat(&driverBuf, def->virtio);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "driver", &driverBuf, NULL);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainControllerDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                             virDomainControllerDefPtr def,
                             unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *type = virDomainControllerTypeToString(def->type);
    const char *model = NULL;
    const char *modelName = NULL;
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected controller type %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }

    if (def->model != -1) {
        model = virDomainControllerModelTypeToString(def, def->model);

        if (!model) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unexpected model type %d"), def->model);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf,
                      " type='%s' index='%d'",
                      type, def->idx);

    if (model)
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " model='%s'", model);

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL:
        if (def->opts.vioserial.ports != -1) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " ports='%d'",
                              def->opts.vioserial.ports);
        }
        if (def->opts.vioserial.vectors != -1) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " vectors='%d'",
                              def->opts.vioserial.vectors);
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_USB:
        if (def->opts.usbopts.ports != -1) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " ports='%d'",
                              def->opts.usbopts.ports);
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_XENBUS:
        if (def->opts.xenbusopts.maxGrantFrames != -1) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " maxGrantFrames='%d'",
                              def->opts.xenbusopts.maxGrantFrames);
        }
        if (def->opts.xenbusopts.maxEventChannels != -1) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " maxEventChannels='%d'",
                              def->opts.xenbusopts.maxEventChannels);
        }
        break;

    default:
        break;
    }

    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_PCI) {
        bool formatModelName = true;

        if (def->opts.pciopts.modelName == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_PCI_MODEL_NAME_NONE)
            formatModelName = false;

        /* Historically, libvirt didn't support specifying a model name for
         * pci-root controllers; starting from 3.6.0, however, pSeries guests
         * use pci-root controllers with model name spapr-pci-host-bridge to
         * represent all PHBs, including the default one.
         *
         * In order to allow migration of pSeries guests from older libvirt
         * versions and back, we don't format the model name in the migratable
         * XML if it's spapr-pci-host-bridge, thus making "no model name" and
         * "spapr-pci-host-bridge model name" basically equivalent.
         *
         * The spapr-pci-host-bridge device is specific to pSeries.
         */
        if (def->model == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_MODEL_PCI_ROOT &&
            def->opts.pciopts.modelName == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_PCI_MODEL_NAME_SPAPR_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE &&
            flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE) {
            formatModelName = false;
        }

        if (formatModelName) {
            modelName = virDomainControllerPCIModelNameTypeToString(def->opts.pciopts.modelName);
            if (!modelName) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("unexpected model name value %d"),
                               def->opts.pciopts.modelName);
                return -1;
            }
            virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<model name='%s'/>\n", modelName);
        }

        if (def->opts.pciopts.chassisNr != -1 ||
            def->opts.pciopts.chassis != -1 ||
            def->opts.pciopts.port != -1 ||
            def->opts.pciopts.busNr != -1 ||
            def->opts.pciopts.targetIndex != -1 ||
            def->opts.pciopts.numaNode != -1 ||
            def->opts.pciopts.hotplug != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
            virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "<target");
            if (def->opts.pciopts.chassisNr != -1)
                virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, " chassisNr='%d'",
                                  def->opts.pciopts.chassisNr);
            if (def->opts.pciopts.chassis != -1)
                virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, " chassis='%d'",
                                  def->opts.pciopts.chassis);
            if (def->opts.pciopts.port != -1)
                virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, " port='0x%x'",
                                  def->opts.pciopts.port);
            if (def->opts.pciopts.busNr != -1)
                virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, " busNr='%d'",
                                  def->opts.pciopts.busNr);
            if (def->opts.pciopts.targetIndex != -1)
                virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, " index='%d'",
                                  def->opts.pciopts.targetIndex);
            if (def->opts.pciopts.hotplug != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
                virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, " hotplug='%s'",
                                  virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->opts.pciopts.hotplug));
            }
            if (def->opts.pciopts.numaNode == -1) {
                virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
            } else {
                virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, ">\n");
                virBufferAdjustIndent(&childBuf, 2);
                virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<node>%d</node>\n",
                                  def->opts.pciopts.numaNode);
                virBufferAdjustIndent(&childBuf, -2);
                virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "</target>\n");
            }
        }
    }

    if (virDomainControllerDriverFormat(&childBuf, def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(&childBuf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_PCI &&
        def->opts.pciopts.pcihole64) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<pcihole64 unit='KiB'>%lu</"
                          "pcihole64>\n", def->opts.pciopts.pcihole64size);
    }

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "controller", &attrBuf, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}


int
virDomainFSIndexByName(virDomainDefPtr def, const char *name)
{
    virDomainFSDefPtr fs;
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nfss; i++) {
        fs = def->fss[i];
        if (STREQ(fs->dst, name))
            return i;
    }
    return -1;
}


static int
virDomainFSDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                     virDomainFSDefPtr def,
                     unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *type = virDomainFSTypeToString(def->type);
    const char *accessmode = virDomainFSAccessModeTypeToString(def->accessmode);
    const char *fsdriver = virDomainFSDriverTypeToString(def->fsdriver);
    const char *wrpolicy = virDomainFSWrpolicyTypeToString(def->wrpolicy);
    const char *multidevs = virDomainFSMultidevsTypeToString(def->multidevs);
    const char *src = def->src->path;
    g_auto(virBuffer) driverAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) driverBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    g_auto(virBuffer) binaryAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) binaryBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected filesystem type %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }

   if (!accessmode) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected accessmode %d"), def->accessmode);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!multidevs) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected multidevs %d"), def->multidevs);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                      "<filesystem type='%s' accessmode='%s'",
                      type, accessmode);
    if (def->model) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " model='%s'",
                          virDomainFSModelTypeToString(def->model));
    }
    if (def->multidevs)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " multidevs='%s'", multidevs);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    virBufferAdjustIndent(&driverBuf, 2);
    virBufferAdjustIndent(&binaryBuf, 2);
    if (def->fsdriver) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverAttrBuf, " type='%s'", fsdriver);

        if (def->format)
            virBufferAsprintf(&driverAttrBuf, " format='%s'",
                              virStorageFileFormatTypeToString(def->format));

        /* Don't generate anything if wrpolicy is set to default */
        if (def->wrpolicy)
            virBufferAsprintf(&driverAttrBuf, " wrpolicy='%s'", wrpolicy);

        if (def->queue_size)
            virBufferAsprintf(&driverAttrBuf, " queue='%llu'", def->queue_size);

    }

    if (def->fsdriver == VIR_DOMAIN_FS_DRIVER_TYPE_VIRTIOFS) {
        g_auto(virBuffer) lockAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
        virBufferEscapeString(&binaryAttrBuf, " path='%s'", def->binary);

        if (def->xattr != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&binaryAttrBuf, " xattr='%s'",
                              virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->xattr));
        }

        if (def->cache != VIR_DOMAIN_FS_CACHE_MODE_DEFAULT) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&binaryBuf, "<cache mode='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainFSCacheModeTypeToString(def->cache));
        }

        if (def->posix_lock != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&lockAttrBuf, " posix='%s'",
                              virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->posix_lock));
        }

        if (def->flock != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&lockAttrBuf, " flock='%s'",
                              virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->flock));
        }

        virXMLFormatElement(&binaryBuf, "lock", &lockAttrBuf, NULL);
    }

    virDomainVirtioOptionsFormat(&driverAttrBuf, def->virtio);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "driver", &driverAttrBuf, &driverBuf);
    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "binary", &binaryAttrBuf, &binaryBuf);

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_MOUNT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_BIND:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<source dir='%s'/>\n",
                              src);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_BLOCK:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<source dev='%s'/>\n",
                              src);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_FILE:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<source file='%s'/>\n",
                              src);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_TEMPLATE:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<source name='%s'/>\n",
                              src);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_RAM:
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<source usage='%lld' units='KiB'/>\n",
                          def->usage / 1024);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_FS_TYPE_VOLUME:
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<source");
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " pool='%s'", def->src->srcpool->pool);
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " volume='%s'", def->src->srcpool->volume);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        break;
    }

    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<target dir='%s'/>\n",
                          def->dst);

    if (def->readonly)
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<readonly/>\n");

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->space_hard_limit)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<space_hard_limit unit='bytes'>"
                          "%llu</space_hard_limit>\n", def->space_hard_limit);
    if (def->space_soft_limit) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<space_soft_limit unit='bytes'>"
                          "%llu</space_soft_limit>\n", def->space_soft_limit);
    }
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</filesystem>\n");

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainNetIPInfoFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                         virNetDevIPInfoPtr def)
{
    size_t i;

    /* Output IP addresses */
    for (i = 0; i < def->nips; i++) {
        virSocketAddrPtr address = &def->ips[i]->address;
        char *ipStr = virSocketAddrFormat(address);
        const char *familyStr = NULL;

        if (!ipStr)
            return -1;
        if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(address, AF_INET6))
            familyStr = "ipv6";
        else if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_IS_FAMILY(address, AF_INET))
            familyStr = "ipv4";
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<ip address='%s'",
                          ipStr);
        VIR_FREE(ipStr);
        if (familyStr)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " family='%s'", familyStr);
        if (def->ips[i]->prefix)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " prefix='%u'", def->ips[i]->prefix);
        if (VIR_SOCKET_ADDR_VALID(&def->ips[i]->peer)) {
            if (!(ipStr = virSocketAddrFormat(&def->ips[i]->peer)))
                return -1;
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " peer='%s'", ipStr);
            VIR_FREE(ipStr);
        }
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->nroutes; i++)
        if (virNetDevIPRouteFormat(buf, def->routes[i]) < 0)
            return -1;
    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsysUSB(virBufferPtr buf,
                                   virDomainHostdevDefPtr def,
                                   unsigned int flags,
                                   bool includeTypeInAddr)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) sourceAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) sourceChildBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    virDomainHostdevSubsysUSBPtr usbsrc = &def->source.subsys.u.usb;

    if (def->startupPolicy)
        virBufferAsprintf(&sourceAttrBuf, " startupPolicy='%s'",
                          virDomainStartupPolicyTypeToString(def->startupPolicy));

    if (usbsrc->autoAddress && (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE))
        virBufferAddLit(&sourceAttrBuf, " autoAddress='yes'");

    if (def->missing && !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE))
        virBufferAddLit(&sourceAttrBuf, " missing='yes'");

    if (usbsrc->vendor) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&sourceChildBuf, "<vendor id='0x%.4x'/>\n", usbsrc->vendor);
        virBufferAsprintf(&sourceChildBuf, "<product id='0x%.4x'/>\n", usbsrc->product);
    }

    if (usbsrc->bus || usbsrc->device)
        virBufferAsprintf(&sourceChildBuf, "<address %sbus='%d' device='%d'/>\n",
                          includeTypeInAddr ? "type='usb' " : "",
                          usbsrc->bus, usbsrc->device);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "source", &sourceAttrBuf, &sourceChildBuf);
}


static int
virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsysPCI(virBufferPtr buf,
                                   virDomainHostdevDefPtr def,
                                   unsigned int flags,
                                   bool includeTypeInAddr)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) sourceAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) sourceChildBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    g_auto(virBuffer) origstatesChildBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(&sourceChildBuf);
    virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIPtr pcisrc = &def->source.subsys.u.pci;

    if (pcisrc->backend != VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_DEFAULT) {
        const char *backend = virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIBackendTypeToString(pcisrc->backend);

        if (!backend) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unexpected pci hostdev driver name type %d"),
                           pcisrc->backend);
            return -1;
        }

        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<driver name='%s'/>\n", backend);
    }

    virPCIDeviceAddressFormat(&sourceChildBuf, pcisrc->addr, includeTypeInAddr);

    if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_PCI_ORIG_STATES)) {
        if (def->origstates.states.pci.unbind_from_stub)
            virBufferAddLit(&origstatesChildBuf, "<unbind/>\n");

        if (def->origstates.states.pci.remove_slot)
            virBufferAddLit(&origstatesChildBuf, "<removeslot/>\n");

        if (def->origstates.states.pci.reprobe)
            virBufferAddLit(&origstatesChildBuf, "<reprobe/>\n");

        virXMLFormatElement(&sourceChildBuf, "origstates", NULL, &origstatesChildBuf);
    }

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "source", &sourceAttrBuf, &sourceChildBuf);
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsysSCSI(virBufferPtr buf,
                                    virDomainHostdevDefPtr def,
                                    unsigned int flags,
                                    bool includeTypeInAddr,
                                    virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) sourceAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) sourceChildBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIPtr scsisrc = &def->source.subsys.u.scsi;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostPtr scsihostsrc = &scsisrc->u.host;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIiSCSIPtr iscsisrc = &scsisrc->u.iscsi;

    if (scsisrc->protocol == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SCSI_PROTOCOL_TYPE_ISCSI) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&sourceAttrBuf, " protocol='%s' name='%s'",
                          virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIProtocolTypeToString(scsisrc->protocol),
                          iscsisrc->src->path);

        virBufferAddLit(&sourceChildBuf, "<host");
        virBufferEscapeString(&sourceChildBuf, " name='%s'", iscsisrc->src->hosts[0].name);
        if (iscsisrc->src->hosts[0].port)
            virBufferAsprintf(&sourceChildBuf, " port='%u'", iscsisrc->src->hosts[0].port);
        virBufferAddLit(&sourceChildBuf, "/>\n");

        if (virDomainDiskSourceFormatPrivateData(&sourceChildBuf, iscsisrc->src,
                                                 flags, xmlopt) < 0)
            return -1;

        if (iscsisrc->src->auth)
            virStorageAuthDefFormat(&sourceChildBuf, iscsisrc->src->auth);
    } else {
        virBufferAsprintf(&sourceChildBuf, "<adapter name='%s'/>\n",
                          scsihostsrc->adapter);

        virBufferAddLit(&sourceChildBuf, "<address");
        if (includeTypeInAddr)
            virBufferAddLit(&sourceChildBuf, " type='scsi'");
        virBufferAsprintf(&sourceChildBuf, " bus='%u' target='%u' unit='%llu'",
                          scsihostsrc->bus, scsihostsrc->target, scsihostsrc->unit);
        virBufferAddLit(&sourceChildBuf, "/>\n");
    }

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "source", &sourceAttrBuf, &sourceChildBuf);
    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsysSCSIHost(virBufferPtr buf,
                                        virDomainHostdevDefPtr def)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) sourceAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIVHostPtr hostsrc = &def->source.subsys.u.scsi_host;

    virBufferAsprintf(&sourceAttrBuf, " protocol='%s' wwpn='%s'",
                      virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIHostProtocolTypeToString(hostsrc->protocol),
                      hostsrc->wwpn);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "source", &sourceAttrBuf, NULL);
}


static void
virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsysMdev(virBufferPtr buf,
                                    virDomainHostdevDefPtr def)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) sourceChildBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    virDomainHostdevSubsysMediatedDevPtr mdevsrc = &def->source.subsys.u.mdev;

    virBufferAsprintf(&sourceChildBuf, "<address uuid='%s'/>\n", mdevsrc->uuidstr);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "source", NULL, &sourceChildBuf);
}


static int
virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsys(virBufferPtr buf,
                                virDomainHostdevDefPtr def,
                                unsigned int flags,
                                bool includeTypeInAddr,
                                virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    switch ((virDomainHostdevSubsysType) def->source.subsys.type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB:
        virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsysUSB(buf, def, flags, includeTypeInAddr);
        return 0;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_PCI:
        return virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsysPCI(buf, def, flags, includeTypeInAddr);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI:
        return virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsysSCSI(buf, def, flags, includeTypeInAddr, xmlopt);

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI_HOST:
        virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsysSCSIHost(buf, def);
        return 0;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV:
        virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsysMdev(buf, def);
        return 0;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_LAST:
    default:
        virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainHostdevSubsysType, def->source.subsys.type);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHostdevDefFormatCaps(virBufferPtr buf,
                              virDomainHostdevDefPtr def)
{
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<source>\n");

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    switch (def->source.caps.type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_STORAGE:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<block>%s</block>\n",
                              def->source.caps.u.storage.block);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_MISC:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<char>%s</char>\n",
                              def->source.caps.u.misc.chardev);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_NET:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<interface>%s</interface>\n",
                              def->source.caps.u.net.ifname);
        break;
    default:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected hostdev type %d"),
                       def->source.caps.type);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</source>\n");

    if (def->source.caps.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_CAPS_TYPE_NET &&
        virDomainNetIPInfoFormat(buf, &def->source.caps.u.net.ip) < 0)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

/* virDomainActualNetDefContentsFormat() - format just the subelements
 * of <interface> that may be overridden by what is in the
 * virDomainActualNetDef, but inside the current element, rather
 * than enclosed in an <actual> subelement.
 */
static int
virDomainActualNetDefContentsFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                                    virDomainNetDefPtr def,
                                    bool inSubelement,
                                    unsigned int flags,
                                    virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainNetType actualType = virDomainNetGetActualType(def);

    if (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV) {
        if (virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsys(buf, virDomainNetGetActualHostdev(def),
                                            flags, true, xmlopt) < 0) {
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<source");
        if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK && !inSubelement) {
            /* When we're putting our output into the <actual>
             * subelement rather than the main <interface>, the
             * network name and portgroup don't need to be included in
             * the <source> here because the main interface element's
             * <source> has the same info already. If we've been
             * called to output directly into the main element's
             * <source> though (the case here - "!inSubElement"), we
             * *do* need to output network/portgroup, because the
             * caller won't have done it).
             */
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " network='%s'",
                                  def->data.network.name);
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " portgroup='%s'",
                                  def->data.network.portgroup);
            if (virUUIDIsValid(def->data.network.portid)) {
                char uuidstr[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];
                virUUIDFormat(def->data.network.portid, uuidstr);
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " portid='%s'", uuidstr);
            }
        }
        if (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE ||
            actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) {
            int macTableManager = virDomainNetGetActualBridgeMACTableManager(def);

            /* actualType == NETWORK includes the name of the bridge
             * that is used by the network, whether we are
             * "inSubElement" or not.
             */
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " bridge='%s'",
                                  virDomainNetGetActualBridgeName(def));
            if (macTableManager) {
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " macTableManager='%s'",
                                  virNetworkBridgeMACTableManagerTypeToString(macTableManager));
            }
        } else if (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT) {
            const char *mode;

            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " dev='%s'",
                                  virDomainNetGetActualDirectDev(def));
            mode = virNetDevMacVLanModeTypeToString(virDomainNetGetActualDirectMode(def));
            if (!mode) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("unexpected source mode %d"),
                               virDomainNetGetActualDirectMode(def));
                return -1;
            }
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " mode='%s'", mode);
        }

        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_STATUS &&
        def->data.network.actual && def->data.network.actual->class_id) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<class id='%u'/>\n",
                          def->data.network.actual->class_id);
    }

    if (virNetDevVlanFormat(virDomainNetGetActualVlan(def), buf) < 0)
        return -1;
    if (virNetDevVPortProfileFormat(virDomainNetGetActualVirtPortProfile(def), buf) < 0)
        return -1;
    if (virNetDevBandwidthFormat(virDomainNetGetActualBandwidth(def), 0, buf) < 0)
        return -1;
    virNetworkPortOptionsFormat(virDomainNetGetActualPortOptionsIsolated(def), buf);
    return 0;
}

/* virDomainActualNetDefFormat() - format the ActualNetDef
 * info inside an <actual> element, as required for internal storage
 * of domain status
 */
static int
virDomainActualNetDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                            virDomainNetDefPtr def,
                            unsigned int flags,
                            virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    virDomainNetType type;
    const char *typeStr;

    if (!def)
        return 0;
    type = virDomainNetGetActualType(def);
    typeStr = virDomainNetTypeToString(type);

    if (!typeStr) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected net type %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<actual type='%s'", typeStr);
    if (type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV) {
        virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdef = virDomainNetGetActualHostdev(def);
        if  (hostdef && hostdef->managed)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, " managed='yes'");
    }
    if (def->trustGuestRxFilters)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " trustGuestRxFilters='%s'",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->trustGuestRxFilters));
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    if (virDomainActualNetDefContentsFormat(buf, def, true, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
       return -1;
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</actual>\n");
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainVirtioNetGuestOptsFormat(char **outstr,
                                  virDomainNetDefPtr def)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) buf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    if (def->driver.virtio.guest.csum) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "csum='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.guest.csum));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.guest.tso4) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "tso4='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.guest.tso4));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.guest.tso6) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "tso6='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.guest.tso6));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.guest.ecn) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "ecn='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.guest.ecn));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.guest.ufo) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "ufo='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.guest.ufo));
    }
    virBufferTrim(&buf, " ");

    *outstr = virBufferContentAndReset(&buf);
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainVirtioNetHostOptsFormat(char **outstr,
                                 virDomainNetDefPtr def)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) buf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    if (def->driver.virtio.host.csum) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "csum='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.host.csum));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.host.gso) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "gso='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.host.gso));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.host.tso4) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "tso4='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.host.tso4));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.host.tso6) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "tso6='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.host.tso6));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.host.ecn) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "ecn='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.host.ecn));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.host.ufo) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "ufo='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.host.ufo));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.host.mrg_rxbuf) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "mrg_rxbuf='%s' ",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.host.mrg_rxbuf));
    }
    virBufferTrim(&buf, " ");

    *outstr = virBufferContentAndReset(&buf);
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainVirtioNetDriverFormat(char **outstr,
                               virDomainNetDefPtr def)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) buf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    if (def->driver.virtio.name) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, " name='%s'",
                          virDomainNetBackendTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.name));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.txmode) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, " txmode='%s'",
                          virDomainNetVirtioTxModeTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.txmode));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.ioeventfd) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, " ioeventfd='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.ioeventfd));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.event_idx) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, " event_idx='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->driver.virtio.event_idx));
    }
    if (def->driver.virtio.queues)
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, " queues='%u'", def->driver.virtio.queues);
    if (def->driver.virtio.rx_queue_size)
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, " rx_queue_size='%u'",
                          def->driver.virtio.rx_queue_size);
    if (def->driver.virtio.tx_queue_size)
        virBufferAsprintf(&buf, " tx_queue_size='%u'",
                          def->driver.virtio.tx_queue_size);

    virDomainVirtioOptionsFormat(&buf, def->virtio);

    *outstr = virBufferContentAndReset(&buf);
    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainChrSourceReconnectDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                                     virDomainChrSourceReconnectDefPtr def)
{
    if (def->enabled == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT)
        return;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<reconnect enabled='%s'",
                      virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->enabled));

    if (def->enabled == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " timeout='%u'", def->timeout);

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
}


int
virDomainNetDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                      virDomainNetDefPtr def,
                      virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainNetType actualType = virDomainNetGetActualType(def);
    bool publicActual = false;
    int sourceLines = 0;
    const char *typeStr;
    virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdef = NULL;
    char macstr[VIR_MAC_STRING_BUFLEN];
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    const char *prefix = xmlopt ? xmlopt->config.netPrefix : NULL;

    /* publicActual is true if we should report the current state in
     * def->data.network.actual *instead of* the config (*not* in
     * addition to)
     */
    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        def->data.network.actual &&
        !(flags & (VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE |
                   VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ACTUAL_NET |
                   VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE)))
        publicActual = true;

    if (publicActual) {
        if (!(typeStr = virDomainNetTypeToString(actualType))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unexpected actual net type %d"), actualType);
            return -1;
        }
        if (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV)
            hostdef = virDomainNetGetActualHostdev(def);
    } else {
        if (!(typeStr = virDomainNetTypeToString(def->type))) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unexpected net type %d"), def->type);
            return -1;
        }
        if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV)
            hostdef = &def->data.hostdev.def;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<interface type='%s'", typeStr);
    if (hostdef && hostdef->managed)
        virBufferAddLit(buf, " managed='yes'");
    if (def->trustGuestRxFilters)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " trustGuestRxFilters='%s'",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->trustGuestRxFilters));
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<mac address='%s'",
                      virMacAddrFormat(&def->mac, macstr));
    if (def->mac_type)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " type='%s'", virDomainNetMacTypeTypeToString(def->mac_type));
    if (def->mac_check != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " check='%s'", virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->mac_check));
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");

    if (publicActual) {
        /* when there is a virDomainActualNetDef, and we haven't been
         * asked to 1) report the domain's inactive XML, or 2) give
         * the internal version of the ActualNetDef separately in an
         * <actual> subelement, we can just put the ActualDef data in
         * the standard place...  (this is for public reporting of
         * interface status)
         */
        if (virDomainActualNetDefContentsFormat(buf, def, false, flags, xmlopt) < 0)
            return -1;
    } else {
        /* ...but if we've asked for the inactive XML (rather than
         * status), or to report the ActualDef as a separate <actual>
         * subelement (this is how we privately store interface
         * status), or there simply *isn't* any ActualNetDef, then
         * format the NetDef's data here, and optionally format the
         * ActualNetDef as an <actual> subelement of this element.
         */
        switch (def->type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK:
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<source network='%s'",
                                  def->data.network.name);
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " portgroup='%s'",
                                  def->data.network.portgroup);
            if (virUUIDIsValid(def->data.network.portid) &&
                !(flags & (VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE))) {
                char portidstr[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];
                virUUIDFormat(def->data.network.portid, portidstr);
                virBufferEscapeString(buf, " portid='%s'", portidstr);
            }
            sourceLines++;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_ETHERNET:
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_VHOSTUSER:
            if (def->data.vhostuser->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UNIX) {
                virBufferAddLit(buf, "<source type='unix'");
                virBufferEscapeString(buf, " path='%s'",
                                      def->data.vhostuser->data.nix.path);
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " mode='%s'",
                                  def->data.vhostuser->data.nix.listen ?
                                  "server"  : "client");
                sourceLines++;
                if (def->data.vhostuser->data.nix.reconnect.enabled) {
                    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
                    sourceLines++;
                    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
                    virDomainChrSourceReconnectDefFormat(buf,
                                                         &def->data.vhostuser->data.nix.reconnect);
                    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
                }

            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE:
           if (def->data.bridge.brname) {
               virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<source bridge='%s'",
                                     def->data.bridge.brname);
               sourceLines++;
           }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_SERVER:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_CLIENT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_MCAST:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP:
            if (def->data.socket.address) {
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<source address='%s' port='%d'",
                                  def->data.socket.address,
                                  def->data.socket.port);
            } else {
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<source port='%d'",
                                  def->data.socket.port);
            }
            sourceLines++;

            if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP)
                break;

            virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
            sourceLines++;
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<local address='%s' port='%d'/>\n",
                              def->data.socket.localaddr,
                              def->data.socket.localport);
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_INTERNAL:
            if (def->data.internal.name) {
                virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<source name='%s'",
                                      def->data.internal.name);
                sourceLines++;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT:
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<source dev='%s'",
                                  def->data.direct.linkdev);
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " mode='%s'",
                              virNetDevMacVLanModeTypeToString(def->data.direct.mode));
            sourceLines++;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
            if (virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsys(buf, &def->data.hostdev.def,
                                                flags, true, xmlopt) < 0) {
                return -1;
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_USER:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_LAST:
            break;
        }

        /* if sourceLines == 0 - no <source> info at all so far
         *    sourceLines == 1 - first line written, no terminating ">"
         *    sourceLines > 1 - multiple lines, including subelements
         */
        if (def->hostIP.nips || def->hostIP.nroutes) {
            if (sourceLines == 0) {
                virBufferAddLit(buf, "<source>\n");
                sourceLines += 2;
            } else if (sourceLines == 1) {
                virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
                sourceLines++;
            }
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
            if (virDomainNetIPInfoFormat(buf, &def->hostIP) < 0)
                return -1;
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        }
        if (sourceLines == 1)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        else if (sourceLines > 1)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "</source>\n");

        if (virNetDevVlanFormat(&def->vlan, buf) < 0)
            return -1;
        if (virNetDevVPortProfileFormat(def->virtPortProfile, buf) < 0)
            return -1;
        if (virNetDevBandwidthFormat(def->bandwidth, 0, buf) < 0)
            return -1;
        virNetworkPortOptionsFormat(def->isolatedPort, buf);

        /* ONLY for internal status storage - format the ActualNetDef
         * as a subelement of <interface> so that no persistent config
         * data is overwritten.
         */
        if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
            (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ACTUAL_NET) &&
            (virDomainActualNetDefFormat(buf, def, flags, xmlopt) < 0))
            return -1;

    }

    if (virDomainNetIPInfoFormat(buf, &def->guestIP) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<script path='%s'/>\n",
                          def->script);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<downscript path='%s'/>\n",
                          def->downscript);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<backenddomain name='%s'/>\n", def->domain_name);

    if (def->ifname &&
        (def->managed_tap == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_NO ||
         !((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE) &&
           (STRPREFIX(def->ifname, VIR_NET_GENERATED_TAP_PREFIX) ||
            (prefix && STRPREFIX(def->ifname, prefix)))))) {
        /* Skip auto-generated target names for inactive config. */
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " dev='%s'", def->ifname);
    }
    if (def->managed_tap != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " managed='%s'",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->managed_tap));
    }

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "target", &attrBuf, NULL);

    if (def->ifname_guest || def->ifname_guest_actual) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<guest");
        /* Skip auto-generated target names for inactive config. */
        if (def->ifname_guest)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " dev='%s'", def->ifname_guest);

        /* Only set if the host is running, so shouldn't pollute output */
        if (def->ifname_guest_actual)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " actual='%s'", def->ifname_guest_actual);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
    if (virDomainNetGetModelString(def)) {
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<model type='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainNetGetModelString(def));
        if (virDomainNetIsVirtioModel(def)) {
            int rc = 0;
            g_autofree char *str = NULL;
            g_autofree char *gueststr = NULL;
            g_autofree char *hoststr = NULL;

            if (virDomainVirtioNetDriverFormat(&str, def) < 0 ||
                virDomainVirtioNetGuestOptsFormat(&gueststr, def) < 0 ||
                virDomainVirtioNetHostOptsFormat(&hoststr, def) < 0)
                rc = -1;

            if (!gueststr && !hoststr) {
                if (str)
                    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<driver%s/>\n", str);
            } else {
                if (str)
                    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<driver%s>\n", str);
                else
                    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<driver>\n");
                virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
                if (hoststr)
                    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<host %s/>\n", hoststr);
                if (gueststr)
                    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<guest %s/>\n", gueststr);
                virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
                virBufferAddLit(buf, "</driver>\n");
            }

            if (rc < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }
    if (def->backend.tap || def->backend.vhost) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<backend");
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " tap='%s'", def->backend.tap);
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " vhost='%s'", def->backend.vhost);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
    if (def->filter) {
        if (virNWFilterFormatParamAttributes(buf, def->filterparams,
                                             def->filter) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (def->tune.sndbuf_specified) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf,   "<tune>\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<sndbuf>%lu</sndbuf>\n", def->tune.sndbuf);
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf,   "</tune>\n");
    }

    if (def->teaming.type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TEAMING_TYPE_NONE) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<teaming type='%s'",
                          virDomainNetTeamingTypeToString(def->teaming.type));
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " persistent='%s'", def->teaming.persistent);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
    if (def->linkstate) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<link state='%s'/>\n",
                          virDomainNetInterfaceLinkStateTypeToString(def->linkstate));
    }

    if (def->mtu)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<mtu size='%u'/>\n", def->mtu);

    virDomainNetDefCoalesceFormatXML(buf, def->coalesce);

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info,
                                  flags | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ALLOW_BOOT
                                  | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ALLOW_ROM) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</interface>\n");
    return 0;
}


/* Assumes that "<device" has already been generated, and starts
 * output at " type='type'>". */
static int
virDomainChrAttrsDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                           virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def,
                           bool tty_compat)
{
    const char *type = virDomainChrTypeToString(def->type);

    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected char type %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }

    /* Compat with legacy <console tty='/dev/pts/5'/> syntax */
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, " type='%s'", type);
    if (tty_compat) {
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " tty='%s'",
                              def->data.file.path);
    }
    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainChrSourceDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                            virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def,
                            unsigned int flags)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    switch ((virDomainChrType)def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NULL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_VC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_STDIO:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEVMC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_LAST:
        /* nada */
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PTY:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_DEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_FILE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PIPE:
        if (def->type != VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PTY ||
            (def->data.file.path &&
             !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE))) {
            virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " path='%s'",
                                  def->data.file.path);
            if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_FILE &&
                def->data.file.append != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT)
                virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " append='%s'",
                    virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->data.file.append));
            virDomainSourceDefFormatSeclabel(&childBuf, def->nseclabels,
                                             def->seclabels, flags);

            virXMLFormatElement(buf, "source", &attrBuf, &childBuf);
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_NMDM:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<source master='%s' ",
                              def->data.nmdm.master);
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "slave='%s'/>\n", def->data.nmdm.slave);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UDP:
        if (def->data.udp.bindService || def->data.udp.bindHost) {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "<source mode='bind'");
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " host='%s'", def->data.udp.bindHost);
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " service='%s'", def->data.udp.bindService);
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        }

        if (def->data.udp.connectService || def->data.udp.connectHost) {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "<source mode='connect'");
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " host='%s'", def->data.udp.connectHost);
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " service='%s'", def->data.udp.connectService);
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_TCP:
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " mode='%s' ",
                          def->data.tcp.listen ? "bind" : "connect");
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, "host='%s' ", def->data.tcp.host);
        virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, "service='%s'", def->data.tcp.service);
        if (def->data.tcp.haveTLS != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT &&
            !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE &&
              def->data.tcp.tlsFromConfig))
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " tls='%s'",
                    virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->data.tcp.haveTLS));
        if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_STATUS)
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " tlsFromConfig='%d'",
                              def->data.tcp.tlsFromConfig);

        virDomainChrSourceReconnectDefFormat(&childBuf,
                                             &def->data.tcp.reconnect);

        virXMLFormatElement(buf, "source", &attrBuf, &childBuf);

        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<protocol type='%s'/>\n",
                          virDomainChrTcpProtocolTypeToString(
                              def->data.tcp.protocol));
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_UNIX:
        if (def->data.nix.path) {
            virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " mode='%s'",
                              def->data.nix.listen ? "bind" : "connect");
            virBufferEscapeString(&attrBuf, " path='%s'", def->data.nix.path);
            virDomainSourceDefFormatSeclabel(&childBuf, def->nseclabels,
                                             def->seclabels, flags);

            virDomainChrSourceReconnectDefFormat(&childBuf,
                                                 &def->data.nix.reconnect);

            virXMLFormatElement(buf, "source", &attrBuf, &childBuf);
        }
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_SPICEPORT:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<source channel='%s'/>\n",
                              def->data.spiceport.channel);
        break;

    }

    if (def->logfile) {
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<log file='%s'", def->logfile);
        if (def->logappend != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " append='%s'",
                              virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->logappend));
        }
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainChrTargetDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                            const virDomainChrDef *def,
                            unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *targetType = virDomainChrTargetTypeToString(def->deviceType,
                                                            def->targetType);

    switch ((virDomainChrDeviceType) def->deviceType) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CHANNEL: {
        if (!targetType) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Could not format channel target type"));
            return -1;
        }
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<target type='%s'", targetType);

        switch (def->targetType) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_GUESTFWD: {
            int port = virSocketAddrGetPort(def->target.addr);
            g_autofree char *addr = NULL;
            if (port < 0) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                               _("Unable to format guestfwd port"));
                return -1;
            }

            addr = virSocketAddrFormat(def->target.addr);
            if (addr == NULL)
                return -1;

            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " address='%s' port='%d'",
                              addr, port);
            break;
        }

        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_XEN:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO:
            if (def->target.name)
                virBufferEscapeString(buf, " name='%s'", def->target.name);

            if (def->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CHANNEL_TARGET_TYPE_VIRTIO &&
                def->state != VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_STATE_DEFAULT &&
                !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE)) {
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " state='%s'",
                                  virDomainChrDeviceStateTypeToString(def->state));
            }
            break;
        }

        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        break;
    }

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE:
        if (!targetType) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Could not format console target type"));
            return -1;
        }

        virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                          "<target type='%s' port='%d'/>\n",
                          targetType, def->target.port);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_SERIAL:
        if (!targetType) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("Could not format serial target type"));
            return -1;
        }

        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<target ");

        if (def->targetType != VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_NONE) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                              "type='%s' ",
                              targetType);
        }

        virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                          "port='%d'",
                          def->target.port);

        if (def->targetModel != VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_MODEL_NONE) {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");

            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
            virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                              "<model name='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainChrSerialTargetModelTypeToString(def->targetModel));
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);

            virBufferAddLit(buf, "</target>\n");
        } else {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        }

        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_PARALLEL:
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<target port='%d'/>\n",
                          def->target.port);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_LAST:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected char device type %d"),
                       def->deviceType);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainChrDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                      virDomainChrDefPtr def,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *elementName = virDomainChrDeviceTypeToString(def->deviceType);
    bool tty_compat;

    if (!elementName) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected char device type %d"),
                       def->deviceType);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<%s", elementName);
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    tty_compat = (def->deviceType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE &&
                  def->target.port == 0 &&
                  def->source->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_TYPE_PTY &&
                  !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE) &&
                  def->source->data.file.path);
    if (virDomainChrAttrsDefFormat(buf, def->source, tty_compat) < 0)
        return -1;
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");

    if (virDomainChrSourceDefFormat(buf, def->source, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainChrTargetDefFormat(buf, def, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "</%s>\n", elementName);

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainSmartcardDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                            virDomainSmartcardDefPtr def,
                            unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *mode = virDomainSmartcardTypeToString(def->type);
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    size_t i;

    if (!mode) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected smartcard type %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_HOST:
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_HOST_CERTIFICATES:
        for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_NUM_CERTIFICATES; i++) {
            virBufferEscapeString(&childBuf, "<certificate>%s</certificate>\n",
                                  def->data.cert.file[i]);
        }
        virBufferEscapeString(&childBuf, "<database>%s</database>\n",
                              def->data.cert.database);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH:
        if (virDomainChrSourceDefFormat(&childBuf, def->data.passthru, flags) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;

    default:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected smartcard type %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }
    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(&childBuf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<smartcard mode='%s'", mode);
    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_SMARTCARD_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH &&
        virDomainChrAttrsDefFormat(buf, def->data.passthru, false) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (virBufferUse(&childBuf)) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
        virBufferAddBuffer(buf, &childBuf);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</smartcard>\n");
    } else {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainSoundCodecDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                             virDomainSoundCodecDefPtr def)
{
    const char *type = virDomainSoundCodecTypeToString(def->type);

    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected codec type %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<codec type='%s'/>\n",  type);

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainTPMDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                      virDomainTPMDefPtr def,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<tpm model='%s'>\n",
                      virDomainTPMModelTypeToString(def->model));
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<backend type='%s'",
                      virDomainTPMBackendTypeToString(def->type));

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH:
        virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<device path='%s'/>\n",
                              def->data.passthrough.source.data.file.path);
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</backend>\n");
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_TYPE_EMULATOR:
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " version='%s'",
                          virDomainTPMVersionTypeToString(def->version));
        if (def->data.emulator.hassecretuuid) {
            char uuidstr[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];
            virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<encryption secret='%s'/>\n",
                virUUIDFormat(def->data.emulator.secretuuid, uuidstr));
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "</backend>\n");
        } else {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_TPM_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</tpm>\n");

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainSoundDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                        virDomainSoundDefPtr def,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *model = virDomainSoundModelTypeToString(def->model);
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    size_t i;

    if (!model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected sound model %d"), def->model);
        return -1;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->ncodecs; i++)
        virDomainSoundCodecDefFormat(&childBuf, def->codecs[i]);

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(&childBuf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<sound model='%s'",  model);
    if (virBufferUse(&childBuf)) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
        virBufferAddBuffer(buf, &childBuf);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</sound>\n");
    } else {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainMemballoonDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                             virDomainMemballoonDefPtr def,
                             unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *model = virDomainMemballoonModelTypeToString(def->model);
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childrenBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    g_auto(virBuffer) driverAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

    if (!model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected memballoon model %d"), def->model);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " model='%s'", model);

    if (def->autodeflate != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT)
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " autodeflate='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->autodeflate));

    if (def->period)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<stats period='%i'/>\n", def->period);

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(&childrenBuf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virDomainVirtioOptionsFormat(&driverAttrBuf, def->virtio);

    virXMLFormatElement(&childrenBuf, "driver", &driverAttrBuf, NULL);
    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "memballoon", &attrBuf, &childrenBuf);

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainNVRAMDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                        virDomainNVRAMDefPtr def,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<nvram>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</nvram>\n");

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainWatchdogDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                           virDomainWatchdogDefPtr def,
                           unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *model = virDomainWatchdogModelTypeToString(def->model);
    const char *action = virDomainWatchdogActionTypeToString(def->action);
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    if (!model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected watchdog model %d"), def->model);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!action) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected watchdog action %d"), def->action);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " model='%s' action='%s'", model, action);

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(&childBuf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "watchdog", &attrBuf, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}

static int virDomainPanicDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                                   virDomainPanicDefPtr def)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childrenBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    if (def->model)
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " model='%s'",
                          virDomainPanicModelTypeToString(def->model));

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(&childrenBuf, &def->info, 0) < 0)
        return -1;

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "panic", &attrBuf, &childrenBuf);

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainShmemDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                        virDomainShmemDefPtr def,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<shmem name='%s'>\n", def->name);

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<model type='%s'/>\n",
                      virDomainShmemModelTypeToString(def->model));

    if (def->size)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<size unit='M'>%llu</size>\n", def->size >> 20);

    if (def->server.enabled) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<server");
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " path='%s'", def->server.chr.data.nix.path);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }

    if (def->msi.enabled) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<msi");
        if (def->msi.vectors)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " vectors='%u'", def->msi.vectors);
        if (def->msi.ioeventfd)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " ioeventfd='%s'",
                              virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->msi.ioeventfd));
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</shmem>\n");

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainRNGDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                      virDomainRNGDefPtr def,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *model = virDomainRNGModelTypeToString(def->model);
    const char *backend = virDomainRNGBackendTypeToString(def->backend);
    g_auto(virBuffer) driverAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<rng model='%s'>\n", model);
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    if (def->rate) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<rate bytes='%u'", def->rate);
        if (def->period)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " period='%u'", def->period);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<backend model='%s'", backend);

    switch ((virDomainRNGBackend) def->backend) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_RANDOM:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, ">%s</backend>\n", def->source.file);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_EGD:
        if (virDomainChrAttrsDefFormat(buf, def->source.chardev, false) < 0)
            return -1;
        virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        if (virDomainChrSourceDefFormat(buf, def->source.chardev, flags) < 0)
            return -1;
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</backend>\n");
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_BUILTIN:
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_LAST:
        break;
    }

    virDomainVirtioOptionsFormat(&driverAttrBuf, def->virtio);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "driver", &driverAttrBuf, NULL);

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</rng>\n");

    return 0;
}

void
virDomainRNGDefFree(virDomainRNGDefPtr def)
{
    if (!def)
        return;

    switch ((virDomainRNGBackend) def->backend) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_RANDOM:
        VIR_FREE(def->source.file);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_EGD:
        virObjectUnref(def->source.chardev);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_BUILTIN:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_RNG_BACKEND_LAST:
        break;
    }

    virDomainDeviceInfoClear(&def->info);
    VIR_FREE(def->virtio);
    VIR_FREE(def);
}


static int
virDomainMemorySourceDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                               virDomainMemoryDefPtr def)
{
    g_autofree char *bitmap = NULL;

    if (!def->pagesize && !def->sourceNodes && !def->nvdimmPath)
        return 0;

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<source>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    switch ((virDomainMemoryModel) def->model) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_DIMM:
        if (def->sourceNodes) {
            if (!(bitmap = virBitmapFormat(def->sourceNodes)))
                return -1;

            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<nodemask>%s</nodemask>\n", bitmap);
        }

        if (def->pagesize)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<pagesize unit='KiB'>%llu</pagesize>\n",
                              def->pagesize);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NVDIMM:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<path>%s</path>\n", def->nvdimmPath);

        if (def->alignsize)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<alignsize unit='KiB'>%llu</alignsize>\n",
                              def->alignsize);

        if (def->nvdimmPmem)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "<pmem/>\n");
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_LAST:
        break;
    }

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</source>\n");

    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainMemoryTargetDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                               virDomainMemoryDefPtr def)
{
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<target>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<size unit='KiB'>%llu</size>\n", def->size);
    if (def->targetNode >= 0)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<node>%d</node>\n", def->targetNode);
    if (def->labelsize) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<label>\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<size unit='KiB'>%llu</size>\n", def->labelsize);
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</label>\n");
    }
    if (def->readonly)
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<readonly/>\n");

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</target>\n");
}

static int
virDomainMemoryDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                         virDomainMemoryDefPtr def,
                         const virDomainDef *dom,
                         unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *model = virDomainMemoryModelTypeToString(def->model);

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<memory model='%s'", model);
    if (def->access)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " access='%s'",
                          virDomainMemoryAccessTypeToString(def->access));
    if (def->discard)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " discard='%s'",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->discard));
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    if (def->model == VIR_DOMAIN_MEMORY_MODEL_NVDIMM &&
        ARCH_IS_PPC64(dom->os.arch)) {
        char uuidstr[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];

        virUUIDFormat(def->uuid, uuidstr);
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<uuid>%s</uuid>\n", uuidstr);
    }

    if (virDomainMemorySourceDefFormat(buf, def) < 0)
        return -1;

    virDomainMemoryTargetDefFormat(buf, def);

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</memory>\n");
    return 0;
}

static void
virDomainVideoAccelDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                             virDomainVideoAccelDefPtr def)
{
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<acceleration");
    if (def->accel3d) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " accel3d='%s'",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->accel3d));
    }
    if (def->accel2d) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " accel2d='%s'",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->accel2d));
    }
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, " rendernode='%s'", def->rendernode);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
}

static void
virDomainVideoResolutionDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                                  virDomainVideoResolutionDefPtr def)
{
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<resolution");
    if (def->x && def->y) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " x='%u' y='%u'",
                          def->x, def->y);
    }
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
}

static int
virDomainVideoDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                        virDomainVideoDefPtr def,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *model = virDomainVideoTypeToString(def->type);
    g_auto(virBuffer) driverBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

    if (!model) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected video model %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<video>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    virDomainVirtioOptionsFormat(&driverBuf, def->virtio);
    if (virBufferUse(&driverBuf) || (def->driver && def->driver->vgaconf) ||
        def->backend != VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_BACKEND_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<driver");
        if (virBufferUse(&driverBuf))
            virBufferAddBuffer(buf, &driverBuf);
        if (def->driver && def->driver->vgaconf)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " vgaconf='%s'",
                              virDomainVideoVGAConfTypeToString(def->driver->vgaconf));
        if (def->backend != VIR_DOMAIN_VIDEO_BACKEND_TYPE_DEFAULT)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " name='%s'",
                              virDomainVideoBackendTypeToString(def->backend));
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<model type='%s'",
                      model);
    if (def->ram)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " ram='%u'", def->ram);
    if (def->vram)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " vram='%u'", def->vram);
    if (def->vram64)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " vram64='%u'", def->vram64);
    if (def->vgamem)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " vgamem='%u'", def->vgamem);
    if (def->heads)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " heads='%u'", def->heads);
    if (def->primary)
        virBufferAddLit(buf, " primary='yes'");
    if (def->accel || def->res) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        if (def->accel)
            virDomainVideoAccelDefFormat(buf, def->accel);
        if (def->res)
            virDomainVideoResolutionDefFormat(buf, def->res);
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</model>\n");
    } else {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</video>\n");

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainInputDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                        virDomainInputDefPtr def,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *type = virDomainInputTypeToString(def->type);
    const char *bus = virDomainInputBusTypeToString(def->bus);
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    g_auto(virBuffer) driverAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

    /* don't format keyboard into migratable XML for backward compatibility */
    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE &&
        def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_TYPE_KBD &&
        (def->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_PS2 ||
         def->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_XEN))
        return 0;

    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected input type %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }
    if (!bus) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected input bus type %d"), def->bus);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " type='%s' bus='%s'", type, bus);

    if (def->model) {
        const char *model = virDomainInputModelTypeToString(def->model);

        if (!model) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unexpected input model %d"), def->model);
            return -1;
        }

        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " model='%s'", model);
    }

    virDomainVirtioOptionsFormat(&driverAttrBuf, def->virtio);

    virXMLFormatElement(&childBuf, "driver", &driverAttrBuf, NULL);

    virBufferEscapeString(&childBuf, "<source evdev='%s'/>\n", def->source.evdev);
    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(&childBuf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "input", &attrBuf, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainTimerDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                        virDomainTimerDefPtr def)
{
    const char *name = virDomainTimerNameTypeToString(def->name);

    if (!name) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected timer name %d"), def->name);
        return -1;
    }
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<timer name='%s'", name);

    if (def->present == 0) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, " present='no'");
    } else if (def->present == 1) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, " present='yes'");
    }

    if (def->tickpolicy != -1) {
        const char *tickpolicy
            = virDomainTimerTickpolicyTypeToString(def->tickpolicy);
        if (!tickpolicy) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unexpected timer tickpolicy %d"),
                           def->tickpolicy);
            return -1;
        }
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " tickpolicy='%s'", tickpolicy);
    }

    if ((def->name == VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_NAME_PLATFORM)
        || (def->name == VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_NAME_RTC)) {
        if (def->track != -1) {
            const char *track
                = virDomainTimerTrackTypeToString(def->track);
            if (!track) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("unexpected timer track %d"),
                               def->track);
                return -1;
            }
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " track='%s'", track);
        }
    }

    if (def->name == VIR_DOMAIN_TIMER_NAME_TSC) {
        if (def->frequency > 0)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " frequency='%lu'", def->frequency);

        if (def->mode != -1) {
            const char *mode
                = virDomainTimerModeTypeToString(def->mode);
            if (!mode) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("unexpected timer mode %d"),
                               def->mode);
                return -1;
            }
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " mode='%s'", mode);
        }
    }

    if (def->catchup.threshold == 0 && def->catchup.slew == 0 &&
        def->catchup.limit == 0) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    } else {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<catchup");
        if (def->catchup.threshold > 0)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " threshold='%lu'", def->catchup.threshold);
        if (def->catchup.slew > 0)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " slew='%lu'", def->catchup.slew);
        if (def->catchup.limit > 0)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " limit='%lu'", def->catchup.limit);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</timer>\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

static void
virDomainGraphicsAuthDefFormatAttr(virBufferPtr buf,
                                   virDomainGraphicsAuthDefPtr def,
                                   unsigned int flags)
{
    if (!def->passwd)
        return;

    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_SECURE)
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " passwd='%s'",
                              def->passwd);

    if (def->expires) {
        g_autoptr(GDateTime) then = NULL;
        g_autofree char *thenstr = NULL;

        then = g_date_time_new_from_unix_utc(def->validTo);
        thenstr = g_date_time_format(then, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S");
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " passwdValidTo='%s'", thenstr);
    }

    if (def->connected)
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " connected='%s'",
                              virDomainGraphicsAuthConnectedTypeToString(def->connected));
}


static void
virDomainGraphicsListenDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                                 virDomainGraphicsListenDefPtr def,
                                 unsigned int flags)
{
    /* If generating migratable XML, skip listen address
     * dragged in from config file */
    if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE) && def->fromConfig)
        return;

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<listen");
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, " type='%s'",
                      virDomainGraphicsListenTypeToString(def->type));

    if (def->address &&
        (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_ADDRESS ||
         (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NETWORK &&
          !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE)))) {
        /* address may also be set to show current status when type='network',
         * but we don't want to print that if INACTIVE data is requested. */
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " address='%s'", def->address);
    }

    if (def->network &&
        (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NETWORK)) {
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " network='%s'", def->network);
    }

    if (def->socket &&
        def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_SOCKET &&
        !(def->autoGenerated &&
          (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE))) {
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " socket='%s'", def->socket);
    }

    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_STATUS) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " fromConfig='%d'", def->fromConfig);
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " autoGenerated='%s'",
                          def->autoGenerated ? "yes" : "no");
    }

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
}


/**
 * virDomainGraphicsListenDefFormatAddr:
 * @buf: buffer where the output XML is written
 * @glisten: first listen element
 * @flags: bit-wise or of VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_*
 *
 * This is used to add a legacy 'listen' attribute into <graphics> element to
 * improve backward compatibility.
 */
static void
virDomainGraphicsListenDefFormatAddr(virBufferPtr buf,
                                     virDomainGraphicsListenDefPtr glisten,
                                     unsigned int flags)
{
    if (!glisten)
        return;

    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE && glisten->fromConfig)
        return;

    if (glisten->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        flags & (VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE |
                 VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE))
        return;

    if (glisten->address)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " listen='%s'", glisten->address);
}

static void
virDomainSpiceGLDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf, virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def)
{
    if (def->data.spice.gl == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT)
        return;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<gl enable='%s'",
                      virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->data.spice.gl));
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, " rendernode='%s'", def->data.spice.rendernode);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
}

static int
virDomainGraphicsDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                           virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def,
                           unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainGraphicsListenDefPtr glisten = virDomainGraphicsGetListen(def, 0);
    const char *type = virDomainGraphicsTypeToString(def->type);
    bool children = false;
    size_t i;

    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected net type %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<graphics type='%s'", type);

    switch (def->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_VNC:
        if (!glisten) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("missing listen element for graphics"));
            return -1;
        }

        switch (glisten->type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_SOCKET:
            /* To not break migration we shouldn't print the 'socket' attribute
             * if it's auto-generated or if it's based on config option from
             * qemu.conf.  If the socket is provided by user we need to print it
             * into migratable XML. */
            if (glisten->socket &&
                !((glisten->autoGenerated || glisten->fromConfig) &&
                  (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE))) {
                virBufferEscapeString(buf, " socket='%s'", glisten->socket);
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_ADDRESS:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NETWORK:
            if (def->data.vnc.port &&
                (!def->data.vnc.autoport || !(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE)))
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " port='%d'",
                                  def->data.vnc.port);
            else if (def->data.vnc.autoport)
                virBufferAddLit(buf, " port='-1'");

            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " autoport='%s'",
                              def->data.vnc.autoport ? "yes" : "no");

            if (def->data.vnc.websocketGenerated &&
                (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE))
                virBufferAddLit(buf, " websocket='-1'");
            else if (def->data.vnc.websocket)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " websocket='%d'", def->data.vnc.websocket);

            if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_STATUS)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " websocketGenerated='%s'",
                                  def->data.vnc.websocketGenerated ? "yes" : "no");

            virDomainGraphicsListenDefFormatAddr(buf, glisten, flags);
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NONE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_LAST:
            break;
        }

        if (def->data.vnc.keymap)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " keymap='%s'",
                                  def->data.vnc.keymap);

        if (def->data.vnc.sharePolicy)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " sharePolicy='%s'",
                              virDomainGraphicsVNCSharePolicyTypeToString(
                              def->data.vnc.sharePolicy));

        virDomainGraphicsAuthDefFormatAttr(buf, &def->data.vnc.auth, flags);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SDL:
        if (def->data.sdl.display)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " display='%s'",
                                  def->data.sdl.display);

        if (def->data.sdl.xauth)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " xauth='%s'",
                                  def->data.sdl.xauth);
        if (def->data.sdl.fullscreen)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, " fullscreen='yes'");

        if (!children && def->data.sdl.gl != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT) {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
            children = true;
        }

        if (def->data.sdl.gl != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<gl enable='%s'",
                              virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->data.sdl.gl));
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        }

        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_RDP:
        if (def->data.rdp.port)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " port='%d'",
                              def->data.rdp.port);
        else if (def->data.rdp.autoport)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, " port='0'");

        if (def->data.rdp.autoport)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, " autoport='yes'");

        if (def->data.rdp.replaceUser)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, " replaceUser='yes'");

        if (def->data.rdp.multiUser)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, " multiUser='yes'");

        virDomainGraphicsListenDefFormatAddr(buf, glisten, flags);

        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_DESKTOP:
        if (def->data.desktop.display)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " display='%s'",
                                  def->data.desktop.display);

        if (def->data.desktop.fullscreen)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, " fullscreen='yes'");

        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE:
        if (!glisten) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
                           _("missing listen element for spice graphics"));
            return -1;
        }

        switch (glisten->type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_ADDRESS:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NETWORK:
            if (def->data.spice.port)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " port='%d'",
                                  def->data.spice.port);

            if (def->data.spice.tlsPort)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " tlsPort='%d'",
                                  def->data.spice.tlsPort);

            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " autoport='%s'",
                              def->data.spice.autoport ? "yes" : "no");

            virDomainGraphicsListenDefFormatAddr(buf, glisten, flags);
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NONE:
            if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE)
                virBufferAddStr(buf, " autoport='no'");
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_SOCKET:
            /* If socket is auto-generated based on config option we don't
             * add any listen element into migratable XML because the original
             * listen type is "address".
             * We need to set autoport to make sure that libvirt on destination
             * will parse it as listen type "address", without autoport it is
             * parsed as listen type "none". */
            if ((flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE) &&
                glisten->fromConfig) {
                virBufferAddStr(buf, " autoport='yes'");
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_LAST:
            break;
        }

        if (def->data.spice.keymap)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, " keymap='%s'",
                                  def->data.spice.keymap);

        if (def->data.spice.defaultMode != VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_CHANNEL_MODE_ANY)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " defaultMode='%s'",
              virDomainGraphicsSpiceChannelModeTypeToString(def->data.spice.defaultMode));

        virDomainGraphicsAuthDefFormatAttr(buf, &def->data.spice.auth, flags);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_EGL_HEADLESS:
        if (!def->data.egl_headless.rendernode)
            break;

        if (!children) {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
            children = true;
        }

        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<gl");
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " rendernode='%s'",
                              def->data.egl_headless.rendernode);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->nListens; i++) {
        if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE) {
            /* If the listen is based on config options from qemu.conf we need
             * to skip it.  It's up to user to properly configure both hosts for
             * migration. */
            if (def->listens[i].fromConfig)
                continue;

            /* If the socket is provided by user in the XML we need to skip this
             * listen type to support migration back to old libvirt since old
             * libvirt supports specifying socket path inside graphics element
             * as 'socket' attribute.  Auto-generated socket is a new feature
             * thus we can generate it in the migrateble XML. */
            if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_VNC &&
                def->listens[i].type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_SOCKET &&
                def->listens[i].socket &&
                !def->listens[i].autoGenerated)
                continue;

            /* The new listen type none is in the migratable XML represented as
             * port=0 and autoport=no because old libvirt support this
             * configuration for spice. */
            if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE &&
                def->listens[i].type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_NONE)
                continue;
        }
        if (!children) {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
            children = true;
        }
        virDomainGraphicsListenDefFormat(buf, &def->listens[i], flags);
    }

    if (def->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE) {
        for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_CHANNEL_LAST; i++) {
            int mode = def->data.spice.channels[i];
            if (mode == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_SPICE_CHANNEL_MODE_ANY)
                continue;

            if (!children) {
                virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
                virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
                children = true;
            }

            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<channel name='%s' mode='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainGraphicsSpiceChannelNameTypeToString(i),
                              virDomainGraphicsSpiceChannelModeTypeToString(mode));
        }
        if (!children && (def->data.spice.image || def->data.spice.jpeg ||
                          def->data.spice.zlib || def->data.spice.playback ||
                          def->data.spice.streaming || def->data.spice.copypaste ||
                          def->data.spice.mousemode || def->data.spice.filetransfer ||
                          def->data.spice.gl)) {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
            children = true;
        }
        if (def->data.spice.image)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<image compression='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainGraphicsSpiceImageCompressionTypeToString(def->data.spice.image));
        if (def->data.spice.jpeg)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<jpeg compression='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainGraphicsSpiceJpegCompressionTypeToString(def->data.spice.jpeg));
        if (def->data.spice.zlib)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<zlib compression='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainGraphicsSpiceZlibCompressionTypeToString(def->data.spice.zlib));
        if (def->data.spice.playback)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<playback compression='%s'/>\n",
                              virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->data.spice.playback));
        if (def->data.spice.streaming)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<streaming mode='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainGraphicsSpiceStreamingModeTypeToString(def->data.spice.streaming));
        if (def->data.spice.mousemode)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<mouse mode='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainGraphicsSpiceMouseModeTypeToString(def->data.spice.mousemode));
        if (def->data.spice.copypaste)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<clipboard copypaste='%s'/>\n",
                              virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->data.spice.copypaste));
        if (def->data.spice.filetransfer)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<filetransfer enable='%s'/>\n",
                              virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->data.spice.filetransfer));

        virDomainSpiceGLDefFormat(buf, def);
    }

    if (children) {
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</graphics>\n");
    } else {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainHostdevDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                          virDomainHostdevDefPtr def,
                          unsigned int flags,
                          virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt)
{
    const char *mode = virDomainHostdevModeTypeToString(def->mode);
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIPtr scsisrc = &def->source.subsys.u.scsi;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysMediatedDevPtr mdevsrc = &def->source.subsys.u.mdev;
    virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIVHostPtr scsihostsrc = &def->source.subsys.u.scsi_host;
    const char *type;

    if (!mode) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected hostdev mode %d"), def->mode);
        return -1;
    }

    switch (def->mode) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS:
        type = virDomainHostdevSubsysTypeToString(def->source.subsys.type);
        if (!type) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unexpected hostdev type %d"),
                           def->source.subsys.type);
            return -1;
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_CAPABILITIES:
        type = virDomainHostdevCapsTypeToString(def->source.caps.type);
        if (!type) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unexpected hostdev type %d"),
                           def->source.caps.type);
            return -1;
        }
        break;
    default:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected hostdev mode %d"), def->mode);
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<hostdev mode='%s' type='%s'",
                      mode, type);
    if (def->mode == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " managed='%s'",
                          def->managed ? "yes" : "no");

        if (def->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI &&
            scsisrc->sgio)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " sgio='%s'",
                              virDomainDeviceSGIOTypeToString(scsisrc->sgio));

        if (def->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI &&
            scsisrc->rawio) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " rawio='%s'",
                              virTristateBoolTypeToString(scsisrc->rawio));
        }

        if (def->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI_HOST &&
            scsihostsrc->model) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " model='%s'",
                              virDomainHostdevSubsysSCSIVHostModelTypeToString(scsihostsrc->model));
        }

        if (def->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " model='%s'",
                              virMediatedDeviceModelTypeToString(mdevsrc->model));
            if (mdevsrc->display != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " display='%s'",
                                  virTristateSwitchTypeToString(mdevsrc->display));
            if (mdevsrc->ramfb != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " ramfb='%s'",
                                  virTristateSwitchTypeToString(mdevsrc->ramfb));
        }

    }
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    switch (def->mode) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS:
        if (virDomainHostdevDefFormatSubsys(buf, def, flags, false, xmlopt) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_CAPABILITIES:
        if (virDomainHostdevDefFormatCaps(buf, def) < 0)
            return -1;
        break;
    }

    if (def->readonly)
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<readonly/>\n");
    if (def->shareable)
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<shareable/>\n");

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, def->info,
                                  flags | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ALLOW_BOOT
                                  | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ALLOW_ROM) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</hostdev>\n");

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainRedirdevDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                           virDomainRedirdevDefPtr def,
                           unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *bus;

    bus = virDomainRedirdevBusTypeToString(def->bus);

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<redirdev bus='%s'", bus);
    if (virDomainChrAttrsDefFormat(buf, def->source, false) < 0)
        return -1;
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    if (virDomainChrSourceDefFormat(buf, def->source, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(buf, &def->info,
                                  flags | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ALLOW_BOOT) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</redirdev>\n");
    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainRedirFilterDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                              virDomainRedirFilterDefPtr filter)
{
    size_t i;

    /* no need format an empty redirfilter */
    if (filter->nusbdevs == 0)
        return 0;

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<redirfilter>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    for (i = 0; i < filter->nusbdevs; i++) {
        virDomainRedirFilterUSBDevDefPtr usbdev = filter->usbdevs[i];
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<usbdev");
        if (usbdev->usbClass >= 0)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " class='0x%02X'", usbdev->usbClass);

        if (usbdev->vendor >= 0)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " vendor='0x%04X'", usbdev->vendor);

        if (usbdev->product >= 0)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " product='0x%04X'", usbdev->product);

        if (usbdev->version >= 0)
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " version='%d.%02d'",
                                 ((usbdev->version & 0xf000) >> 12) * 10 +
                                 ((usbdev->version & 0x0f00) >>  8),
                                 ((usbdev->version & 0x00f0) >>  4) * 10 +
                                 ((usbdev->version & 0x000f) >>  0));

        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " allow='%s'/>\n", usbdev->allow ? "yes" : "no");

    }
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</redirfilter>\n");
    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainHubDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                      virDomainHubDefPtr def,
                      unsigned int flags)
{
    const char *type = virDomainHubTypeToString(def->type);
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    if (!type) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected hub type %d"), def->type);
        return -1;
    }

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(&childBuf, &def->info, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " type='%s'", type);

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "hub", &attrBuf, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainResourceDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                           virDomainResourceDefPtr def)
{
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<resource>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<partition>%s</partition>\n", def->partition);
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</resource>\n");
}


static int
virDomainHugepagesFormatBuf(virBufferPtr buf,
                            virDomainHugePagePtr hugepage)
{
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<page size='%llu' unit='KiB'",
                      hugepage->size);

    if (hugepage->nodemask) {
        g_autofree char *nodeset = NULL;
        if (!(nodeset = virBitmapFormat(hugepage->nodemask)))
            return -1;
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " nodeset='%s'", nodeset);
    }

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");

    return 0;
}

static void
virDomainHugepagesFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                         virDomainHugePagePtr hugepages,
                         size_t nhugepages)
{
    size_t i;

    if (nhugepages == 1 &&
        hugepages[0].size == 0) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<hugepages/>\n");
        return;
    }

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<hugepages>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    for (i = 0; i < nhugepages; i++)
        virDomainHugepagesFormatBuf(buf, &hugepages[i]);

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</hugepages>\n");
}

static void
virDomainLoaderDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                         virDomainLoaderDefPtr loader)
{
    const char *readonly = virTristateBoolTypeToString(loader->readonly);
    const char *secure = virTristateBoolTypeToString(loader->secure);
    const char *type = virDomainLoaderTypeToString(loader->type);

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<loader");

    if (loader->readonly)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " readonly='%s'", readonly);

    if (loader->secure)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " secure='%s'", secure);

    if (loader->type != VIR_DOMAIN_LOADER_TYPE_NONE)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " type='%s'", type);

    if (loader->path)
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, ">%s</loader>\n", loader->path);
    else
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");

    if (loader->nvram || loader->templt) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<nvram");
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " template='%s'", loader->templt);
        if (loader->nvram)
            virBufferEscapeString(buf, ">%s</nvram>\n", loader->nvram);
        else
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    }
}

static void
virDomainKeyWrapDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf, virDomainKeyWrapDefPtr keywrap)
{
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<keywrap>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    if (keywrap->aes)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<cipher name='aes' state='%s'/>\n",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(keywrap->aes));

    if (keywrap->dea)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<cipher name='dea' state='%s'/>\n",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(keywrap->dea));

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</keywrap>\n");
}


static void
virDomainSEVDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf, virDomainSEVDefPtr sev)
{
    if (!sev)
        return;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<launchSecurity type='%s'>\n",
                      virDomainLaunchSecurityTypeToString(sev->sectype));
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<cbitpos>%d</cbitpos>\n", sev->cbitpos);
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<reducedPhysBits>%d</reducedPhysBits>\n",
                      sev->reduced_phys_bits);
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<policy>0x%04x</policy>\n", sev->policy);
    if (sev->dh_cert)
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<dhCert>%s</dhCert>\n", sev->dh_cert);

    if (sev->session)
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<session>%s</session>\n", sev->session);

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</launchSecurity>\n");
}


static void
virDomainPerfDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf, virDomainPerfDefPtr perf)
{
    size_t i;
    bool wantPerf = false;

    for (i = 0; i < VIR_PERF_EVENT_LAST; i++) {
        if (perf->events[i])
            wantPerf = true;
    }
    if (!wantPerf)
        return;

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<perf>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    for (i = 0; i < VIR_PERF_EVENT_LAST; i++) {
        if (perf->events[i])
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<event name='%s' enabled='%s'/>\n",
                              virPerfEventTypeToString(i),
                              virTristateBoolTypeToString(perf->events[i]));
    }

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</perf>\n");
}


static void
virDomainSchedulerFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                         const char *name,
                         virDomainThreadSchedParamPtr sched,
                         size_t id,
                         bool multiple_threads)
{
    switch (sched->policy) {
        case VIR_PROC_POLICY_BATCH:
        case VIR_PROC_POLICY_IDLE:
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<%ssched", name);
            if (multiple_threads)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " %ss='%zu'", name, id);
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " scheduler='%s'/>\n",
                              virProcessSchedPolicyTypeToString(sched->policy));
            break;

        case VIR_PROC_POLICY_RR:
        case VIR_PROC_POLICY_FIFO:
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<%ssched", name);
            if (multiple_threads)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " %ss='%zu'", name, id);
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, " scheduler='%s' priority='%d'/>\n",
                              virProcessSchedPolicyTypeToString(sched->policy),
                              sched->priority);
            break;

        case VIR_PROC_POLICY_NONE:
        case VIR_PROC_POLICY_LAST:
            break;
        }

}


static int
virDomainCachetuneDefFormatHelper(unsigned int level,
                                  virCacheType type,
                                  unsigned int cache,
                                  unsigned long long size,
                                  void *opaque)
{
    const char *unit;
    virBufferPtr buf = opaque;
    unsigned long long short_size = virFormatIntPretty(size, &unit);

    virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                      "<cache id='%u' level='%u' type='%s' "
                      "size='%llu' unit='%s'/>\n",
                      cache, level, virCacheTypeToString(type),
                      short_size, unit);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainResctrlMonDefFormatHelper(virDomainResctrlMonDefPtr domresmon,
                                   virResctrlMonitorType tag,
                                   virBufferPtr buf)
{
    g_autofree char *vcpus = NULL;

    if (domresmon->tag != tag)
        return 0;

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<monitor ");

    if (tag == VIR_RESCTRL_MONITOR_TYPE_CACHE) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "level='%u' ",
                          VIR_DOMAIN_RESCTRL_MONITOR_CACHELEVEL);
    }

    vcpus = virBitmapFormat(domresmon->vcpus);
    if (!vcpus)
        return -1;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "vcpus='%s'/>\n", vcpus);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainCachetuneDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                            virDomainResctrlDefPtr resctrl,
                            unsigned int flags)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childrenBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    size_t i = 0;
    g_autofree char *vcpus = NULL;

    if (virResctrlAllocForeachCache(resctrl->alloc,
                                    virDomainCachetuneDefFormatHelper,
                                    &childrenBuf) < 0)
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i < resctrl->nmonitors; i++) {
        if (virDomainResctrlMonDefFormatHelper(resctrl->monitors[i],
                                               VIR_RESCTRL_MONITOR_TYPE_CACHE,
                                               &childrenBuf) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (!virBufferUse(&childrenBuf))
        return 0;

    vcpus = virBitmapFormat(resctrl->vcpus);
    if (!vcpus)
        return -1;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<cachetune vcpus='%s'", vcpus);

    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE)) {
        const char *alloc_id = virResctrlAllocGetID(resctrl->alloc);
        if (!alloc_id)
            return -1;

        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " id='%s'", alloc_id);
    }
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");

    virBufferAddBuffer(buf, &childrenBuf);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</cachetune>\n");

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainMemorytuneDefFormatHelper(unsigned int id,
                                   unsigned int bandwidth,
                                   void *opaque)
{
    virBufferPtr buf = opaque;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                      "<node id='%u' bandwidth='%u'/>\n",
                      id, bandwidth);
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainMemorytuneDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                            virDomainResctrlDefPtr resctrl,
                            unsigned int flags)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childrenBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    g_autofree char *vcpus = NULL;
    size_t i = 0;

    if (virResctrlAllocForeachMemory(resctrl->alloc,
                                     virDomainMemorytuneDefFormatHelper,
                                     &childrenBuf) < 0)
        return -1;

    for (i = 0; i< resctrl->nmonitors; i++) {
        if (virDomainResctrlMonDefFormatHelper(resctrl->monitors[i],
                                               VIR_RESCTRL_MONITOR_TYPE_MEMBW,
                                               &childrenBuf) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (!virBufferUse(&childrenBuf))
        return 0;

    vcpus = virBitmapFormat(resctrl->vcpus);
    if (!vcpus)
        return -1;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<memorytune vcpus='%s'", vcpus);

    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE)) {
        const char *alloc_id = virResctrlAllocGetID(resctrl->alloc);
        if (!alloc_id)
            return -1;

        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " id='%s'", alloc_id);
    }
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");

    virBufferAddBuffer(buf, &childrenBuf);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</memorytune>\n");

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainCputuneDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                          virDomainDefPtr def,
                          unsigned int flags)
{
    size_t i;
    g_auto(virBuffer) childrenBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);


    if (def->cputune.sharesSpecified)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<shares>%llu</shares>\n",
                          def->cputune.shares);
    if (def->cputune.period)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<period>%llu</period>\n",
                          def->cputune.period);
    if (def->cputune.quota)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<quota>%lld</quota>\n",
                          def->cputune.quota);
    if (def->cputune.global_period)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<global_period>%llu</global_period>\n",
                          def->cputune.global_period);
    if (def->cputune.global_quota)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<global_quota>%lld</global_quota>\n",
                          def->cputune.global_quota);

    if (def->cputune.emulator_period)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<emulator_period>%llu"
                          "</emulator_period>\n",
                          def->cputune.emulator_period);

    if (def->cputune.emulator_quota)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<emulator_quota>%lld"
                          "</emulator_quota>\n",
                          def->cputune.emulator_quota);

    if (def->cputune.iothread_period)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<iothread_period>%llu"
                          "</iothread_period>\n",
                          def->cputune.iothread_period);

    if (def->cputune.iothread_quota)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<iothread_quota>%lld"
                          "</iothread_quota>\n",
                          def->cputune.iothread_quota);

    for (i = 0; i < def->maxvcpus; i++) {
        char *cpumask;
        virDomainVcpuDefPtr vcpu = def->vcpus[i];

        if (!vcpu->cpumask)
            continue;

        if (!(cpumask = virBitmapFormat(vcpu->cpumask)))
            return -1;

        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf,
                          "<vcpupin vcpu='%zu' cpuset='%s'/>\n", i, cpumask);

        VIR_FREE(cpumask);
    }

    if (def->cputune.emulatorpin) {
        char *cpumask;
        virBufferAddLit(&childrenBuf, "<emulatorpin ");

        if (!(cpumask = virBitmapFormat(def->cputune.emulatorpin)))
            return -1;

        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "cpuset='%s'/>\n", cpumask);
        VIR_FREE(cpumask);
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->niothreadids; i++) {
        char *cpumask;

        /* Ignore iothreadids with no cpumask */
        if (!def->iothreadids[i]->cpumask)
            continue;

        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<iothreadpin iothread='%u' ",
                          def->iothreadids[i]->iothread_id);

        if (!(cpumask = virBitmapFormat(def->iothreadids[i]->cpumask)))
            return -1;

        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "cpuset='%s'/>\n", cpumask);
        VIR_FREE(cpumask);
    }

    if (def->cputune.emulatorsched) {
        virDomainSchedulerFormat(&childrenBuf, "emulator",
                                 def->cputune.emulatorsched, 0, false);
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->maxvcpus; i++) {
        virDomainSchedulerFormat(&childrenBuf, "vcpu",
                                 &def->vcpus[i]->sched, i, true);
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->niothreadids; i++) {
        virDomainSchedulerFormat(&childrenBuf, "iothread",
                                 &def->iothreadids[i]->sched,
                                 def->iothreadids[i]->iothread_id,
                                 true);
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->nresctrls; i++)
        virDomainCachetuneDefFormat(&childrenBuf, def->resctrls[i], flags);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nresctrls; i++)
        virDomainMemorytuneDefFormat(&childrenBuf, def->resctrls[i], flags);

    if (virBufferUse(&childrenBuf)) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<cputune>\n");
        virBufferAddBuffer(buf, &childrenBuf);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</cputune>\n");
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainCpuDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                      const virDomainDef *def)
{
    virDomainVcpuDefPtr vcpu;
    size_t i;
    g_autofree char *cpumask = NULL;

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<vcpu");
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, " placement='%s'",
                      virDomainCpuPlacementModeTypeToString(def->placement_mode));

    if (def->cpumask && !virBitmapIsAllSet(def->cpumask)) {
        if ((cpumask = virBitmapFormat(def->cpumask)) == NULL)
            return -1;
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " cpuset='%s'", cpumask);
    }
    if (virDomainDefHasVcpusOffline(def))
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " current='%u'", virDomainDefGetVcpus(def));
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, ">%u</vcpu>\n", virDomainDefGetVcpusMax(def));

    if (def->individualvcpus) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<vcpus>\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        for (i = 0; i < def->maxvcpus; i++) {
            vcpu = def->vcpus[i];

            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<vcpu id='%zu' enabled='%s'",
                              i, vcpu->online ? "yes" : "no");
            if (vcpu->hotpluggable)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " hotpluggable='%s'",
                                  virTristateBoolTypeToString(vcpu->hotpluggable));

            if (vcpu->order != 0)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " order='%d'", vcpu->order);

            virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        }
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</vcpus>\n");
    }

    return 0;
}


static bool
virDomainDefIothreadShouldFormat(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->niothreadids; i++) {
        if (!def->iothreadids[i]->autofill)
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}


static int
virDomainIOMMUDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                        const virDomainIOMMUDef *iommu)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) driverAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

    if (iommu->intremap != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverAttrBuf, " intremap='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(iommu->intremap));
    }
    if (iommu->caching_mode != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverAttrBuf, " caching_mode='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(iommu->caching_mode));
    }
    if (iommu->eim != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverAttrBuf, " eim='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(iommu->eim));
    }
    if (iommu->iotlb != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverAttrBuf, " iotlb='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(iommu->iotlb));
    }
    if (iommu->aw_bits > 0) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&driverAttrBuf, " aw_bits='%d'",
                          iommu->aw_bits);
    }

    virXMLFormatElement(&childBuf, "driver", &driverAttrBuf, NULL);

    virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " model='%s'",
                      virDomainIOMMUModelTypeToString(iommu->model));

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "iommu", &attrBuf, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}


static void
virDomainMemtuneFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                       const virDomainMemtune *mem)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    if (virMemoryLimitIsSet(mem->hard_limit)) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf,
                          "<hard_limit unit='KiB'>%llu</hard_limit>\n",
                          mem->hard_limit);
    }
    if (virMemoryLimitIsSet(mem->soft_limit)) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf,
                          "<soft_limit unit='KiB'>%llu</soft_limit>\n",
                          mem->soft_limit);
    }
    if (mem->min_guarantee) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf,
                          "<min_guarantee unit='KiB'>%llu</min_guarantee>\n",
                          mem->min_guarantee);
    }
    if (virMemoryLimitIsSet(mem->swap_hard_limit)) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf,
                          "<swap_hard_limit unit='KiB'>%llu</swap_hard_limit>\n",
                          mem->swap_hard_limit);
    }

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "memtune", NULL, &childBuf);
}


static void
virDomainMemorybackingFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                             const virDomainMemtune *mem)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);

    if (mem->nhugepages)
        virDomainHugepagesFormat(&childBuf, mem->hugepages, mem->nhugepages);
    if (mem->nosharepages)
        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "<nosharepages/>\n");
    if (mem->locked)
        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "<locked/>\n");
    if (mem->source)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<source type='%s'/>\n",
                          virDomainMemorySourceTypeToString(mem->source));
    if (mem->access)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<access mode='%s'/>\n",
                          virDomainMemoryAccessTypeToString(mem->access));
    if (mem->allocation)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<allocation mode='%s'/>\n",
                          virDomainMemoryAllocationTypeToString(mem->allocation));
    if (mem->discard)
        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "<discard/>\n");

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "memoryBacking", NULL, &childBuf);
}


static int
virDomainVsockDefFormat(virBufferPtr buf,
                        virDomainVsockDefPtr vsock)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    g_auto(virBuffer) cidAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

    if (vsock->model) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " model='%s'",
                          virDomainVsockModelTypeToString(vsock->model));
    }

    if (vsock->auto_cid != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT) {
        virBufferAsprintf(&cidAttrBuf, " auto='%s'",
                          virTristateBoolTypeToString(vsock->auto_cid));
    }
    if (vsock->guest_cid != 0)
        virBufferAsprintf(&cidAttrBuf, " address='%u'", vsock->guest_cid);
    virXMLFormatElement(&childBuf, "cid", &cidAttrBuf, NULL);

    if (virDomainDeviceInfoFormat(&childBuf, &vsock->info, 0) < 0)
        return -1;

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "vsock", &attrBuf, &childBuf);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefFormatBlkiotune(virBufferPtr buf,
                            virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childrenBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    ssize_t n;

    if (def->blkio.weight)
        virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<weight>%u</weight>\n",
                          def->blkio.weight);

    for (n = 0; n < def->blkio.ndevices; n++) {
        virBlkioDevicePtr dev = &def->blkio.devices[n];

        if (!dev->weight && !dev->riops && !dev->wiops &&
            !dev->rbps && !dev->wbps)
            continue;
        virBufferAddLit(&childrenBuf, "<device>\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(&childrenBuf, 2);
        virBufferEscapeString(&childrenBuf, "<path>%s</path>\n",
                              dev->path);
        if (dev->weight)
            virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<weight>%u</weight>\n",
                              dev->weight);
        if (dev->riops)
            virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<read_iops_sec>%u</read_iops_sec>\n",
                              dev->riops);
        if (dev->wiops)
            virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<write_iops_sec>%u</write_iops_sec>\n",
                              dev->wiops);
        if (dev->rbps)
            virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<read_bytes_sec>%llu</read_bytes_sec>\n",
                              dev->rbps);
        if (dev->wbps)
            virBufferAsprintf(&childrenBuf, "<write_bytes_sec>%llu</write_bytes_sec>\n",
                              dev->wbps);
        virBufferAdjustIndent(&childrenBuf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(&childrenBuf, "</device>\n");
    }

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "blkiotune", NULL, &childrenBuf);

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDefFormatFeatures(virBufferPtr buf,
                           virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_LAST; i++) {
        g_auto(virBuffer) tmpAttrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
        g_auto(virBuffer) tmpChildBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(&childBuf);
        const char *name = virDomainFeatureTypeToString(i);
        size_t j;

        switch ((virDomainFeature) i) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_ACPI:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PAE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_VIRIDIAN:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PRIVNET:
            /* NOTE: This is for old style <opt/> booleans. New XML
             * should use the explicit state=on|off output below */
            switch ((virTristateSwitch) def->features[i]) {
            case VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT:
                break;

            case VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON:
               virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<%s/>\n", name);
               break;

            case VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_LAST:
            case VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_OFF:
               virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                             _("Unexpected state of feature '%s'"), name);
               return -1;
               break;
            }

            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_VMCOREINFO:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HAP:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PMU:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_PVSPINLOCK:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_VMPORT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HTM:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_NESTED_HV:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_CCF_ASSIST:
            switch ((virTristateSwitch) def->features[i]) {
            case VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_LAST:
            case VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT:
                break;

            case VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON:
               virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<%s state='on'/>\n", name);
               break;

            case VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_OFF:
               virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<%s state='off'/>\n", name);
               break;
            }

            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_SMM:
            if (def->features[i] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT)
                break;

            virBufferAsprintf(&tmpAttrBuf, " state='%s'",
                              virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->features[i]));

            if (def->features[i] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON &&
                def->tseg_specified) {
                const char *unit;
                unsigned long long short_size = virFormatIntPretty(def->tseg_size,
                                                                   &unit);

                virBufferAsprintf(&tmpChildBuf, "<tseg unit='%s'>%llu</tseg>\n",
                                  unit, short_size);
            }

            virXMLFormatElement(&childBuf, "smm", &tmpAttrBuf, &tmpChildBuf);

            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_APIC:
            if (def->features[i] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
                virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "<apic");
                if (def->apic_eoi) {
                    virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, " eoi='%s'",
                                      virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->apic_eoi));
                }
                virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HYPERV:
            if (def->features[i] != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON)
                break;

            virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "<hyperv>\n");
            virBufferAdjustIndent(&childBuf, 2);
            for (j = 0; j < VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_LAST; j++) {
                if (def->hyperv_features[j] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT)
                    continue;

                virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<%s state='%s'",
                                  virDomainHypervTypeToString(j),
                                  virTristateSwitchTypeToString(
                                      def->hyperv_features[j]));

                switch ((virDomainHyperv) j) {
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_RELAXED:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VAPIC:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VPINDEX:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_RUNTIME:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_SYNIC:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_RESET:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_FREQUENCIES:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_REENLIGHTENMENT:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_TLBFLUSH:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_IPI:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_EVMCS:
                    virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
                    break;

                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_SPINLOCKS:
                    if (def->hyperv_features[j] != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
                        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
                        break;
                    }
                    virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, " retries='%d'/>\n",
                                      def->hyperv_spinlocks);
                    break;

                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_STIMER:
                    if (def->hyperv_features[j] != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
                        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
                        break;
                    }
                    if (def->hyperv_stimer_direct == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
                        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, ">\n");
                        virBufferAdjustIndent(&childBuf, 2);
                        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "<direct state='on'/>\n");
                        virBufferAdjustIndent(&childBuf, -2);
                        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "</stimer>\n");
                    } else {
                        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
                    }

                    break;

                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_VENDOR_ID:
                    if (def->hyperv_features[j] != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
                        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
                        break;
                    }
                    virBufferEscapeString(&childBuf, " value='%s'/>\n",
                                          def->hyperv_vendor_id);
                    break;

                /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
                case VIR_DOMAIN_HYPERV_LAST:
                    break;
                }
            }
            virBufferAdjustIndent(&childBuf, -2);
            virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "</hyperv>\n");
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_KVM:
            if (def->features[i] != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON)
                break;

            virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "<kvm>\n");
            virBufferAdjustIndent(&childBuf, 2);
            for (j = 0; j < VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_LAST; j++) {
                switch ((virDomainKVM) j) {
                case VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_HIDDEN:
                case VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_DEDICATED:
                    if (def->kvm_features[j])
                        virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<%s state='%s'/>\n",
                                          virDomainKVMTypeToString(j),
                                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(
                                              def->kvm_features[j]));
                    break;

                /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
                case VIR_DOMAIN_KVM_LAST:
                    break;
                }
            }
            virBufferAdjustIndent(&childBuf, -2);
            virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "</kvm>\n");
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_XEN:
            if (def->features[i] != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON)
                break;

            virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "<xen>\n");
            virBufferAdjustIndent(&childBuf, 2);
            for (j = 0; j < VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_LAST; j++) {
                if (def->xen_features[j] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT)
                    continue;

                virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<%s state='%s'",
                                      virDomainXenTypeToString(j),
                                      virTristateSwitchTypeToString(
                                          def->xen_features[j]));

                switch ((virDomainXen) j) {
                case VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_E820_HOST:
                    virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
                    break;
                case VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_PASSTHROUGH:
                    if (def->xen_features[j] != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
                        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
                        break;
                    }
                    if (def->xen_passthrough_mode == VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_PASSTHROUGH_MODE_SYNC_PT ||
                        def->xen_passthrough_mode == VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_PASSTHROUGH_MODE_SHARE_PT) {
                        virBufferEscapeString(&childBuf, " mode='%s'/>\n",
                                              virDomainXenPassthroughModeTypeToString(def->xen_passthrough_mode));
                    } else {
                        virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
                    }
                    break;

                /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
                case VIR_DOMAIN_XEN_LAST:
                    break;
                }
            }
            virBufferAdjustIndent(&childBuf, -2);
            virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "</xen>\n");
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_CAPABILITIES:
            for (j = 0; j < VIR_DOMAIN_PROCES_CAPS_FEATURE_LAST; j++) {
                if (def->caps_features[j] != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ABSENT)
                    virBufferAsprintf(&tmpChildBuf, "<%s state='%s'/>\n",
                                      virDomainProcessCapsFeatureTypeToString(j),
                                      virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->caps_features[j]));
            }

            /* the 'default' policy should be printed if any capability is present */
            if (def->features[i] != VIR_DOMAIN_CAPABILITIES_POLICY_DEFAULT ||
                virBufferUse(&tmpChildBuf))
                virBufferAsprintf(&tmpAttrBuf, " policy='%s'",
                                  virDomainCapabilitiesPolicyTypeToString(def->features[i]));

            virXMLFormatElement(&childBuf, "capabilities", &tmpAttrBuf, &tmpChildBuf);
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_GIC:
            if (def->features[i] == VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON) {
                virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "<gic");
                if (def->gic_version != VIR_GIC_VERSION_NONE)
                    virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, " version='%s'",
                                      virGICVersionTypeToString(def->gic_version));
                virBufferAddLit(&childBuf, "/>\n");
            }
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_IOAPIC:
            if (def->features[i] == VIR_DOMAIN_IOAPIC_NONE)
                break;

            virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<ioapic driver='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainIOAPICTypeToString(def->features[i]));
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_HPT:
            if (def->features[i] != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON)
                break;

            if (def->hpt_resizing != VIR_DOMAIN_HPT_RESIZING_NONE) {
                virBufferAsprintf(&tmpAttrBuf,
                                  " resizing='%s'",
                                  virDomainHPTResizingTypeToString(def->hpt_resizing));
            }
            if (def->hpt_maxpagesize > 0) {
                virBufferAsprintf(&tmpChildBuf,
                                  "<maxpagesize unit='KiB'>%llu</maxpagesize>\n",
                                  def->hpt_maxpagesize);
            }

            virXMLFormatElement(&childBuf, "hpt", &tmpAttrBuf, &tmpChildBuf);
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_MSRS:
            if (def->features[i] != VIR_TRISTATE_SWITCH_ON)
                break;

            virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<msrs unknown='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainMsrsUnknownTypeToString(def->msrs_features[VIR_DOMAIN_MSRS_UNKNOWN]));
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_CFPC:
            if (def->features[i] == VIR_DOMAIN_CFPC_NONE)
                break;

            virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<cfpc value='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainCFPCTypeToString(def->features[i]));
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_SBBC:
            if (def->features[i] == VIR_DOMAIN_SBBC_NONE)
                break;

            virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<sbbc value='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainSBBCTypeToString(def->features[i]));
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_IBS:
            if (def->features[i] == VIR_DOMAIN_IBS_NONE)
                break;

            virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<ibs value='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainIBSTypeToString(def->features[i]));
            break;

        /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
        case VIR_DOMAIN_FEATURE_LAST:
            break;
        }
    }

    virXMLFormatElement(buf, "features", NULL, &childBuf);
    return 0;
}

int
virDomainDefFormatInternal(virDomainDefPtr def,
                           virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                           virBufferPtr buf,
                           unsigned int flags)
{
    return virDomainDefFormatInternalSetRootName(def, xmlopt, buf,
                                                 "domain", flags);
}


/* This internal version appends to an existing buffer
 * (possibly with auto-indent), rather than flattening
 * to string.
 * Return -1 on failure.  */
int
virDomainDefFormatInternalSetRootName(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                      virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                                      virBufferPtr buf,
                                      const char *rootname,
                                      unsigned int flags)
{
    unsigned char *uuid;
    char uuidstr[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];
    const char *type = NULL;
    int n;
    size_t i;

    virCheckFlags(VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_COMMON_FLAGS |
                  VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_STATUS |
                  VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ACTUAL_NET |
                  VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_PCI_ORIG_STATES |
                  VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_CLOCK_ADJUST,
                  -1);

    if (!(type = virDomainVirtTypeToString(def->virtType))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected domain type %d"), def->virtType);
        return -1;
    }

    if (def->id == -1)
        flags |= VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<%s type='%s'", rootname, type);
    if (!(flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE))
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " id='%d'", def->id);
    if (def->namespaceData && def->ns.format)
        virXMLNamespaceFormatNS(buf, &def->ns);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<name>%s</name>\n", def->name);

    uuid = def->uuid;
    virUUIDFormat(uuid, uuidstr);
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<uuid>%s</uuid>\n", uuidstr);

    if (def->genidRequested) {
        char genidstr[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];

        virUUIDFormat(def->genid, genidstr);
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<genid>%s</genid>\n", genidstr);
    }

    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<title>%s</title>\n", def->title);

    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<description>%s</description>\n",
                          def->description);

    if (def->metadata) {
        g_autoptr(xmlBuffer) xmlbuf = NULL;
        int oldIndentTreeOutput = xmlIndentTreeOutput;

        /* Indentation on output requires that we previously set
         * xmlKeepBlanksDefault to 0 when parsing; also, libxml does 2
         * spaces per level of indentation of intermediate elements,
         * but no leading indentation before the starting element.
         * Thankfully, libxml maps what looks like globals into
         * thread-local uses, so we are thread-safe.  */
        xmlIndentTreeOutput = 1;
        if (!(xmlbuf = xmlBufferCreate())) {
            virReportOOMError();
            return -1;
        }

        if (xmlNodeDump(xmlbuf, def->metadata->doc, def->metadata,
                        virBufferGetIndent(buf) / 2, 1) < 0) {
            xmlIndentTreeOutput = oldIndentTreeOutput;
            return -1;
        }
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "%s\n", (char *) xmlBufferContent(xmlbuf));
        xmlIndentTreeOutput = oldIndentTreeOutput;
    }

    if (virDomainDefHasMemoryHotplug(def)) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                          "<maxMemory slots='%u' unit='KiB'>%llu</maxMemory>\n",
                          def->mem.memory_slots, def->mem.max_memory);
    }

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<memory");
    if (def->mem.dump_core)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " dumpCore='%s'",
                          virTristateSwitchTypeToString(def->mem.dump_core));
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, " unit='KiB'>%llu</memory>\n",
                      virDomainDefGetMemoryTotal(def));

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<currentMemory unit='KiB'>%llu</currentMemory>\n",
                      def->mem.cur_balloon);

    if (virDomainDefFormatBlkiotune(buf, def) < 0)
        return -1;

    virDomainMemtuneFormat(buf, &def->mem);
    virDomainMemorybackingFormat(buf, &def->mem);

    if (virDomainCpuDefFormat(buf, def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->niothreadids > 0) {
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<iothreads>%zu</iothreads>\n",
                          def->niothreadids);
        if (virDomainDefIothreadShouldFormat(def)) {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "<iothreadids>\n");
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
            for (i = 0; i < def->niothreadids; i++) {
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<iothread id='%u'/>\n",
                                  def->iothreadids[i]->iothread_id);
            }
            virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "</iothreadids>\n");
        }
    }

    if (virDomainCputuneDefFormat(buf, def, flags) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virDomainNumatuneFormatXML(buf, def->numa) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->resource)
        virDomainResourceDefFormat(buf, def->resource);

    for (i = 0; i < def->nsysinfo; i++) {
        if (virSysinfoFormat(buf, def->sysinfo[i]) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (def->os.bootloader) {
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<bootloader>%s</bootloader>\n",
                              def->os.bootloader);
        virBufferEscapeString(buf,
                              "<bootloader_args>%s</bootloader_args>\n",
                              def->os.bootloaderArgs);
    }

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<os");
    if (def->os.firmware)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " firmware='%s'",
                          virDomainOsDefFirmwareTypeToString(def->os.firmware));
    virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<type");
    if (def->os.arch)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " arch='%s'", virArchToString(def->os.arch));
    if (def->os.machine)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " machine='%s'", def->os.machine);
    /*
     * HACK: For xen driver we previously used bogus 'linux' as the
     * os type for paravirt, whereas capabilities declare it to
     * be 'xen'. So we convert to the former for backcompat
     */
    if (def->virtType == VIR_DOMAIN_VIRT_XEN &&
        def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_XEN)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, ">%s</type>\n",
                          virDomainOSTypeToString(VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_LINUX));
    else
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, ">%s</type>\n",
                          virDomainOSTypeToString(def->os.type));

    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<init>%s</init>\n",
                          def->os.init);
    for (i = 0; def->os.initargv && def->os.initargv[i]; i++)
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<initarg>%s</initarg>\n",
                              def->os.initargv[i]);
    for (i = 0; def->os.initenv && def->os.initenv[i]; i++)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<initenv name='%s'>%s</initenv>\n",
                          def->os.initenv[i]->name, def->os.initenv[i]->value);
    if (def->os.initdir)
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<initdir>%s</initdir>\n",
                              def->os.initdir);
    if (def->os.inituser)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<inituser>%s</inituser>\n", def->os.inituser);
    if (def->os.initgroup)
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<initgroup>%s</initgroup>\n", def->os.initgroup);

    if (def->os.loader)
        virDomainLoaderDefFormat(buf, def->os.loader);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<kernel>%s</kernel>\n",
                          def->os.kernel);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<initrd>%s</initrd>\n",
                          def->os.initrd);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<cmdline>%s</cmdline>\n",
                          def->os.cmdline);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<dtb>%s</dtb>\n",
                          def->os.dtb);
    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<root>%s</root>\n",
                          def->os.root);
    if (def->os.slic_table) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<acpi>\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<table type='slic'>%s</table>\n",
                              def->os.slic_table);
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</acpi>\n");
    }

    if (!def->os.bootloader) {
        for (n = 0; n < def->os.nBootDevs; n++) {
            const char *boottype =
                virDomainBootTypeToString(def->os.bootDevs[n]);
            if (!boottype) {
                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                               _("unexpected boot device type %d"),
                               def->os.bootDevs[n]);
                return -1;
            }
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<boot dev='%s'/>\n", boottype);
        }

        if (def->os.bootmenu) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<bootmenu enable='%s'",
                              virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->os.bootmenu));
            if (def->os.bm_timeout_set)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " timeout='%u'", def->os.bm_timeout);
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        }

        if (def->os.bios.useserial || def->os.bios.rt_set) {
            virBufferAddLit(buf, "<bios");
            if (def->os.bios.useserial)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " useserial='%s'",
                                  virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->os.bios.useserial));
            if (def->os.bios.rt_set)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " rebootTimeout='%d'", def->os.bios.rt_delay);

            virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
        }
    }

    if (def->os.smbios_mode) {
        const char *mode;

        mode = virDomainSmbiosModeTypeToString(def->os.smbios_mode);
        if (mode == NULL) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unexpected smbios mode %d"), def->os.smbios_mode);
            return -1;
        }
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<smbios mode='%s'/>\n", mode);
    }

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</os>\n");


    if (def->idmap.uidmap) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<idmap>\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        for (i = 0; i < def->idmap.nuidmap; i++) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                              "<uid start='%u' target='%u' count='%u'/>\n",
                              def->idmap.uidmap[i].start,
                              def->idmap.uidmap[i].target,
                              def->idmap.uidmap[i].count);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < def->idmap.ngidmap; i++) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf,
                              "<gid start='%u' target='%u' count='%u'/>\n",
                              def->idmap.gidmap[i].start,
                              def->idmap.gidmap[i].target,
                              def->idmap.gidmap[i].count);
        }
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</idmap>\n");
    }

    if (virDomainDefFormatFeatures(buf, def) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (virCPUDefFormatBufFull(buf, def->cpu, def->numa) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<clock offset='%s'",
                      virDomainClockOffsetTypeToString(def->clock.offset));
    switch (def->clock.offset) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_LOCALTIME:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_UTC:
        if (def->clock.data.utc_reset)
            virBufferAddLit(buf, " adjustment='reset'");
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_VARIABLE:
        virBufferAsprintf(buf, " adjustment='%lld' basis='%s'",
                          def->clock.data.variable.adjustment,
                          virDomainClockBasisTypeToString(def->clock.data.variable.basis));
        if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_CLOCK_ADJUST) {
            if (def->clock.data.variable.adjustment0)
                virBufferAsprintf(buf, " adjustment0='%lld'",
                                  def->clock.data.variable.adjustment0);
        }
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CLOCK_OFFSET_TIMEZONE:
        virBufferEscapeString(buf, " timezone='%s'", def->clock.data.timezone);
        break;
    }
    if (def->clock.ntimers == 0) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "/>\n");
    } else {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, ">\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        for (n = 0; n < def->clock.ntimers; n++) {
            if (virDomainTimerDefFormat(buf, def->clock.timers[n]) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</clock>\n");
    }

    if (virDomainEventActionDefFormat(buf, def->onPoweroff,
                                      "on_poweroff",
                                      virDomainLifecycleActionTypeToString) < 0)
        return -1;
    if (virDomainEventActionDefFormat(buf, def->onReboot,
                                      "on_reboot",
                                      virDomainLifecycleActionTypeToString) < 0)
        return -1;
    if (virDomainEventActionDefFormat(buf, def->onCrash,
                                      "on_crash",
                                      virDomainLifecycleActionTypeToString) < 0)
        return -1;
    if (def->onLockFailure != VIR_DOMAIN_LOCK_FAILURE_DEFAULT &&
        virDomainEventActionDefFormat(buf, def->onLockFailure,
                                      "on_lockfailure",
                                      virDomainLockFailureTypeToString) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->pm.s3 || def->pm.s4) {
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "<pm>\n");
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);
        if (def->pm.s3) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<suspend-to-mem enabled='%s'/>\n",
                              virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->pm.s3));
        }
        if (def->pm.s4) {
            virBufferAsprintf(buf, "<suspend-to-disk enabled='%s'/>\n",
                              virTristateBoolTypeToString(def->pm.s4));
        }
        virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
        virBufferAddLit(buf, "</pm>\n");
    }

    virDomainPerfDefFormat(buf, &def->perf);

    virBufferAddLit(buf, "<devices>\n");
    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, 2);

    virBufferEscapeString(buf, "<emulator>%s</emulator>\n",
                          def->emulator);

    for (n = 0; n < def->ndisks; n++)
        if (virDomainDiskDefFormat(buf, def->disks[n], flags, xmlopt) < 0)
            return -1;

    for (n = 0; n < def->ncontrollers; n++)
        if (virDomainControllerDefFormat(buf, def->controllers[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;

    for (n = 0; n < def->nleases; n++)
        if (virDomainLeaseDefFormat(buf, def->leases[n]) < 0)
            return -1;

    for (n = 0; n < def->nfss; n++)
        if (virDomainFSDefFormat(buf, def->fss[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;

    for (n = 0; n < def->nnets; n++)
        if (virDomainNetDefFormat(buf, def->nets[n], xmlopt, flags) < 0)
            return -1;

    for (n = 0; n < def->nsmartcards; n++)
        if (virDomainSmartcardDefFormat(buf, def->smartcards[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;

    for (n = 0; n < def->nserials; n++)
        if (virDomainChrDefFormat(buf, def->serials[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;

    for (n = 0; n < def->nparallels; n++)
        if (virDomainChrDefFormat(buf, def->parallels[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;

    for (n = 0; n < def->nconsoles; n++) {
        virDomainChrDef console;
        /* Back compat, ignore the console element for hvm guests
         * if it is type == serial
         */
        if (def->os.type == VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_HVM &&
            (def->consoles[n]->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_SERIAL ||
             def->consoles[n]->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_NONE) &&
            (n < def->nserials)) {
            memcpy(&console, def->serials[n], sizeof(console));
            console.deviceType = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_DEVICE_TYPE_CONSOLE;
            console.targetType = VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_CONSOLE_TARGET_TYPE_SERIAL;
        } else {
            memcpy(&console, def->consoles[n], sizeof(console));
        }
        if (virDomainChrDefFormat(buf, &console, flags) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    for (n = 0; n < def->nchannels; n++)
        if (virDomainChrDefFormat(buf, def->channels[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;

    for (n = 0; n < def->ninputs; n++) {
        if (virDomainInputDefFormat(buf, def->inputs[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    for (n = 0; n < def->ntpms; n++) {
        if (virDomainTPMDefFormat(buf, def->tpms[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    for (n = 0; n < def->ngraphics; n++) {
        if (virDomainGraphicsDefFormat(buf, def->graphics[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    for (n = 0; n < def->nsounds; n++) {
        if (virDomainSoundDefFormat(buf, def->sounds[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    for (n = 0; n < def->nvideos; n++) {
        if (virDomainVideoDefFormat(buf, def->videos[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    for (n = 0; n < def->nhostdevs; n++) {
        /* If parentnet != NONE, this is just a pointer to the
         * hostdev in a higher-level device (e.g. virDomainNetDef),
         * and will have already been formatted there.
         */
        if (!def->hostdevs[n]->parentnet &&
            virDomainHostdevDefFormat(buf, def->hostdevs[n], flags, xmlopt) < 0) {
            return -1;
        }
    }

    for (n = 0; n < def->nredirdevs; n++) {
        if (virDomainRedirdevDefFormat(buf, def->redirdevs[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (def->redirfilter)
        virDomainRedirFilterDefFormat(buf, def->redirfilter);

    for (n = 0; n < def->nhubs; n++) {
        if (virDomainHubDefFormat(buf, def->hubs[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (def->watchdog)
        virDomainWatchdogDefFormat(buf, def->watchdog, flags);

    if (def->memballoon)
        virDomainMemballoonDefFormat(buf, def->memballoon, flags);

    for (n = 0; n < def->nrngs; n++) {
        if (virDomainRNGDefFormat(buf, def->rngs[n], flags))
            return -1;
    }

    if (def->nvram)
        virDomainNVRAMDefFormat(buf, def->nvram, flags);

    for (n = 0; n < def->npanics; n++) {
        if (virDomainPanicDefFormat(buf, def->panics[n]) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    for (n = 0; n < def->nshmems; n++) {
        if (virDomainShmemDefFormat(buf, def->shmems[n], flags) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    for (n = 0; n < def->nmems; n++) {
        if (virDomainMemoryDefFormat(buf, def->mems[n], def, flags) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (def->iommu &&
        virDomainIOMMUDefFormat(buf, def->iommu) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def->vsock &&
        virDomainVsockDefFormat(buf, def->vsock) < 0)
        return -1;

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(buf, "</devices>\n");

    for (n = 0; n < def->nseclabels; n++)
        virSecurityLabelDefFormat(buf, def->seclabels[n], flags);

    if (def->keywrap)
        virDomainKeyWrapDefFormat(buf, def->keywrap);

    virDomainSEVDefFormat(buf, def->sev);

    if (def->namespaceData && def->ns.format) {
        if ((def->ns.format)(buf, def->namespaceData) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    virBufferAdjustIndent(buf, -2);
    virBufferAsprintf(buf, "</%s>\n", rootname);

    return 0;
}


/* Converts VIR_DOMAIN_XML_COMMON_FLAGS into VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_*
 * flags, and silently ignores any other flags.  Note that the caller
 * should validate the set of flags it is willing to accept; see also
 * the comment on VIR_DOMAIN_XML_COMMON_FLAGS about security
 * considerations with adding new flags. */
unsigned int virDomainDefFormatConvertXMLFlags(unsigned int flags)
{
    unsigned int formatFlags = 0;

    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_XML_SECURE)
        formatFlags |= VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_SECURE;
    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_XML_INACTIVE)
        formatFlags |= VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE;
    if (flags & VIR_DOMAIN_XML_MIGRATABLE)
        formatFlags |= VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE;

    return formatFlags;
}


char *
virDomainDefFormat(virDomainDefPtr def,
                   virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                   unsigned int flags)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) buf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;

    virCheckFlags(VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_COMMON_FLAGS, NULL);
    if (virDomainDefFormatInternal(def, xmlopt, &buf, flags) < 0)
        return NULL;

    return virBufferContentAndReset(&buf);
}


char *
virDomainObjFormat(virDomainObjPtr obj,
                   virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                   unsigned int flags)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) buf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    int state;
    int reason;
    size_t i;

    state = virDomainObjGetState(obj, &reason);
    virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "<domstatus state='%s' reason='%s' pid='%lld'>\n",
                      virDomainStateTypeToString(state),
                      virDomainStateReasonToString(state, reason),
                      (long long)obj->pid);
    virBufferAdjustIndent(&buf, 2);

    for (i = 0; i < VIR_DOMAIN_TAINT_LAST; i++) {
        if (obj->taint & (1 << i))
            virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "<taint flag='%s'/>\n",
                              virDomainTaintTypeToString(i));
    }

    if (xmlopt->privateData.format &&
        xmlopt->privateData.format(&buf, obj) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virDomainDefFormatInternal(obj->def, xmlopt, &buf, flags) < 0)
        return NULL;

    virBufferAdjustIndent(&buf, -2);
    virBufferAddLit(&buf, "</domstatus>\n");

    return virBufferContentAndReset(&buf);
}

static bool
virDomainDeviceIsUSB(virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev)
{
    int t = dev->type;
    if ((t == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK &&
         dev->data.disk->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_USB) ||
        (t == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT &&
         dev->data.input->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_USB) ||
        (t == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV &&
         dev->data.hostdev->mode == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS &&
         dev->data.hostdev->source.subsys.type ==
         VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB) ||
        (t == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB &&
         dev->data.hub->type == VIR_DOMAIN_HUB_TYPE_USB) ||
        (t == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV &&
         dev->data.redirdev->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_REDIRDEV_BUS_USB))
        return true;

    return false;
}


typedef struct _virDomainCompatibleDeviceData virDomainCompatibleDeviceData;
typedef virDomainCompatibleDeviceData *virDomainCompatibleDeviceDataPtr;
struct _virDomainCompatibleDeviceData {
    virDomainDeviceInfoPtr newInfo;
    virDomainDeviceInfoPtr oldInfo;
};

static int
virDomainDeviceInfoCheckBootIndex(virDomainDefPtr def G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                                  virDomainDeviceDefPtr device G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                                  virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info,
                                  void *opaque)
{
    virDomainCompatibleDeviceDataPtr data = opaque;

    /* Ignore the device we're about to update */
    if (data->oldInfo == info)
        return 0;

    if (info->bootIndex == data->newInfo->bootIndex) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("boot order %u is already used by another device"),
                       data->newInfo->bootIndex);
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

int
virDomainDefCompatibleDevice(virDomainDefPtr def,
                             virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                             virDomainDeviceDefPtr oldDev,
                             virDomainDeviceAction action,
                             bool live)
{
    virDomainCompatibleDeviceData data = {
        .newInfo = virDomainDeviceGetInfo(dev),
        .oldInfo = NULL,
    };

    if (oldDev)
        data.oldInfo = virDomainDeviceGetInfo(oldDev);

    if (action == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_ACTION_UPDATE &&
        live &&
        (data.newInfo && data.oldInfo &&
         data.newInfo->alias && data.oldInfo->alias &&
         STRNEQ(data.newInfo->alias, data.oldInfo->alias))) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_OPERATION_DENIED, "%s",
                       _("changing device alias is not allowed"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (!virDomainDefHasUSB(def) &&
        def->os.type != VIR_DOMAIN_OSTYPE_EXE &&
        virDomainDeviceIsUSB(dev)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Device configuration is not compatible: "
                         "Domain has no USB bus support"));
        return -1;
    }

    if (data.newInfo && data.newInfo->bootIndex > 0) {
        if (def->os.nBootDevs > 0) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("per-device boot elements cannot be used"
                             " together with os/boot elements"));
            return -1;
        }
        if (virDomainDeviceInfoIterate(def,
                                       virDomainDeviceInfoCheckBootIndex,
                                       &data) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (dev->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY) {
        unsigned long long sz = dev->data.memory->size;

        if (!virDomainDefHasMemoryHotplug(def)) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("cannot use/hotplug a memory device when domain "
                             "'maxMemory' is not defined"));
            return -1;
        }

        if ((virDomainDefGetMemoryTotal(def) + sz) > def->mem.max_memory) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                           _("Attaching memory device with size '%llu' would "
                             "exceed domain's maxMemory config size '%llu'"),
                           sz, def->mem.max_memory);
            return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

static int
virDomainDefSaveXML(virDomainDefPtr def,
                    const char *configDir,
                    const char *xml)
{
    char uuidstr[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];
    g_autofree char *configFile = NULL;

    if (!configDir)
        return 0;

    if ((configFile = virDomainConfigFile(configDir, def->name)) == NULL)
        return -1;

    if (virFileMakePath(configDir) < 0) {
        virReportSystemError(errno,
                             _("cannot create config directory '%s'"),
                             configDir);
        return -1;
    }

    virUUIDFormat(def->uuid, uuidstr);
    return virXMLSaveFile(configFile,
                           virXMLPickShellSafeComment(def->name, uuidstr), "edit",
                           xml);
}

int
virDomainDefSave(virDomainDefPtr def,
                 virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                 const char *configDir)
{
    g_autofree char *xml = NULL;

    if (!(xml = virDomainDefFormat(def, xmlopt, VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_SECURE)))
        return -1;

    return virDomainDefSaveXML(def, configDir, xml);
}

int
virDomainObjSave(virDomainObjPtr obj,
                 virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                 const char *statusDir)
{
    unsigned int flags = (VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_SECURE |
                          VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_STATUS |
                          VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_ACTUAL_NET |
                          VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_PCI_ORIG_STATES |
                          VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_CLOCK_ADJUST);

    g_autofree char *xml = NULL;

    if (!(xml = virDomainObjFormat(obj, xmlopt, flags)))
        return -1;

    return virDomainDefSaveXML(obj->def, statusDir, xml);
}


int
virDomainDeleteConfig(const char *configDir,
                      const char *autostartDir,
                      virDomainObjPtr dom)
{
    g_autofree char *configFile = NULL;
    g_autofree char *autostartLink = NULL;

    if ((configFile = virDomainConfigFile(configDir, dom->def->name)) == NULL)
        return -1;
    if ((autostartLink = virDomainConfigFile(autostartDir,
                                             dom->def->name)) == NULL)
        return -1;

    /* Not fatal if this doesn't work */
    unlink(autostartLink);
    dom->autostart = 0;

    if (unlink(configFile) < 0 &&
        errno != ENOENT) {
        virReportSystemError(errno,
                             _("cannot remove config %s"),
                             configFile);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

char
*virDomainConfigFile(const char *dir,
                     const char *name)
{
    char *ret;

    ret = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s.xml", dir, name);
    return ret;
}

/* Translates a device name of the form (regex) "[fhv]d[a-z]+" into
 * the corresponding bus,index combination (e.g. sda => (0,0), sdi (1,1),
 *                                               hdd => (1,1), vdaa => (0,26))
 * @param disk The disk device
 * @param busIdx parsed bus number
 * @param devIdx parsed device number
 * @return 0 on success, -1 on failure
 */
int
virDiskNameToBusDeviceIndex(virDomainDiskDefPtr disk,
                            int *busIdx,
                            int *devIdx)
{
    int idx = virDiskNameToIndex(disk->dst);
    if (idx < 0)
        return -1;

    switch (disk->bus) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_IDE:
            *busIdx = idx / 2;
            *devIdx = idx % 2;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SCSI:
            *busIdx = idx / 7;
            *devIdx = idx % 7;
            break;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_FDC:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_USB:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_VIRTIO:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_XEN:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_SD:
        default:
            *busIdx = 0;
            *devIdx = idx;
            break;
    }

    return 0;
}

int
virDomainFSInsert(virDomainDefPtr def, virDomainFSDefPtr fs)
{
    return VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT(def->fss, def->nfss, fs);
}

virDomainFSDefPtr
virDomainFSRemove(virDomainDefPtr def, size_t i)
{
    virDomainFSDefPtr fs = def->fss[i];

    VIR_DELETE_ELEMENT(def->fss, i, def->nfss);
    return fs;
}

virDomainFSDefPtr
virDomainGetFilesystemForTarget(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                const char *target)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nfss; i++) {
        if (STREQ(def->fss[i]->dst, target))
            return def->fss[i];
    }

    return NULL;
}


int
virDomainChrDefForeach(virDomainDefPtr def,
                       bool abortOnError,
                       virDomainChrDefIterator iter,
                       void *opaque)
{
    size_t i;
    int rc = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nserials; i++) {
        if ((iter)(def,
                   def->serials[i],
                   opaque) < 0)
            rc = -1;

        if (abortOnError && rc != 0)
            return rc;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->nparallels; i++) {
        if ((iter)(def,
                   def->parallels[i],
                   opaque) < 0)
            rc = -1;

        if (abortOnError && rc != 0)
            return rc;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < def->nchannels; i++) {
        if ((iter)(def,
                   def->channels[i],
                   opaque) < 0)
            rc = -1;

        if (abortOnError && rc != 0)
            return rc;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < def->nconsoles; i++) {
        if (virDomainSkipBackcompatConsole(def, i, false))
            continue;
        if ((iter)(def,
                   def->consoles[i],
                   opaque) < 0)
            rc = -1;

        if (abortOnError && rc != 0)
            return rc;
    }

    return rc;
}


int
virDomainSmartcardDefForeach(virDomainDefPtr def,
                             bool abortOnError,
                             virDomainSmartcardDefIterator iter,
                             void *opaque)
{
    size_t i;
    int rc = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nsmartcards; i++) {
        if ((iter)(def,
                   def->smartcards[i],
                   opaque) < 0)
            rc = -1;

        if (abortOnError && rc != 0)
            return rc;
    }

    return rc;
}


int
virDomainUSBDeviceDefForeach(virDomainDefPtr def,
                             virDomainUSBDeviceDefIterator iter,
                             void *opaque,
                             bool skipHubs)
{
    size_t i;

    /* usb-hub */
    if (!skipHubs) {
        for (i = 0; i < def->nhubs; i++) {
            virDomainHubDefPtr hub = def->hubs[i];
            if (hub->type == VIR_DOMAIN_HUB_TYPE_USB) {
                if (iter(&hub->info, opaque) < 0)
                    return -1;
            }
        }
    }

    /* usb-host */
    for (i = 0; i < def->nhostdevs; i++) {
        virDomainHostdevDefPtr hostdev = def->hostdevs[i];
        if (hostdev->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_USB) {
            if (iter(hostdev->info, opaque) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    /* usb-storage */
    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        virDomainDiskDefPtr disk = def->disks[i];
        if (disk->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_BUS_USB) {
            if (iter(&disk->info, opaque) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    /* TODO: add def->nets here when libvirt starts supporting usb-net */

    /* usb-ccid */
    for (i = 0; i < def->ncontrollers; i++) {
        virDomainControllerDefPtr cont = def->controllers[i];
        if (cont->type == VIR_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_TYPE_CCID) {
            if (iter(&cont->info, opaque) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    /* usb-kbd, usb-mouse, usb-tablet */
    for (i = 0; i < def->ninputs; i++) {
        virDomainInputDefPtr input = def->inputs[i];

        if (input->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_INPUT_BUS_USB) {
            if (iter(&input->info, opaque) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    /* usb-serial */
    for (i = 0; i < def->nserials; i++) {
        virDomainChrDefPtr serial = def->serials[i];
        if (serial->targetType == VIR_DOMAIN_CHR_SERIAL_TARGET_TYPE_USB) {
            if (iter(&serial->info, opaque) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    /* usb-audio model=usb */
    for (i = 0; i < def->nsounds; i++) {
        virDomainSoundDefPtr sound = def->sounds[i];
        if (sound->model == VIR_DOMAIN_SOUND_MODEL_USB) {
            if (iter(&sound->info, opaque) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    /* usb-redir */
    for (i = 0; i < def->nredirdevs; i++) {
        virDomainRedirdevDefPtr redirdev = def->redirdevs[i];
        if (redirdev->bus == VIR_DOMAIN_REDIRDEV_BUS_USB) {
            if (iter(&redirdev->info, opaque) < 0)
                return -1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}


/* Copy src into a new definition; with the quality of the copy
 * depending on the migratable flag (false for transitions between
 * persistent and active, true for transitions across save files or
 * snapshots).  */
virDomainDefPtr
virDomainDefCopy(virDomainDefPtr src,
                 virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                 void *parseOpaque,
                 bool migratable)
{
    unsigned int format_flags = VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_SECURE;
    unsigned int parse_flags = VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE |
                               VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_SKIP_VALIDATE;
    g_autofree char *xml = NULL;

    if (migratable)
        format_flags |= VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_MIGRATABLE;

    /* Easiest to clone via a round-trip through XML.  */
    if (!(xml = virDomainDefFormat(src, xmlopt, format_flags)))
        return NULL;

    return virDomainDefParseString(xml, xmlopt, parseOpaque, parse_flags);
}

virDomainDefPtr
virDomainObjCopyPersistentDef(virDomainObjPtr dom,
                              virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                              void *parseOpaque)
{
    virDomainDefPtr cur;

    cur = virDomainObjGetPersistentDef(xmlopt, dom, parseOpaque);
    return virDomainDefCopy(cur, xmlopt, parseOpaque, false);
}


virDomainState
virDomainObjGetState(virDomainObjPtr dom, int *reason)
{
    if (reason)
        *reason = dom->state.reason;

    return dom->state.state;
}


void
virDomainObjSetState(virDomainObjPtr dom, virDomainState state, int reason)
{
    int last;

    switch (state) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NOSTATE:
        last = VIR_DOMAIN_NOSTATE_LAST;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_RUNNING:
        last = VIR_DOMAIN_RUNNING_LAST;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_BLOCKED:
        last = VIR_DOMAIN_BLOCKED_LAST;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED:
        last = VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED_LAST;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTDOWN:
        last = VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTDOWN_LAST;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF:
        last = VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF_LAST;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CRASHED:
        last = VIR_DOMAIN_CRASHED_LAST;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_PMSUSPENDED:
        last = VIR_DOMAIN_PMSUSPENDED_LAST;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAST:
    default:
        VIR_ERROR(_("invalid domain state: %d"), state);
        return;
    }

    dom->state.state = state;
    if (reason > 0 && reason < last)
        dom->state.reason = reason;
    else
        dom->state.reason = 0;
}


const char *
virDomainStateReasonToString(virDomainState state, int reason)
{
    switch (state) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NOSTATE:
        return virDomainNostateReasonTypeToString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_RUNNING:
        return virDomainRunningReasonTypeToString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_BLOCKED:
        return virDomainBlockedReasonTypeToString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED:
        return virDomainPausedReasonTypeToString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTDOWN:
        return virDomainShutdownReasonTypeToString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF:
        return virDomainShutoffReasonTypeToString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CRASHED:
        return virDomainCrashedReasonTypeToString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_PMSUSPENDED:
        return virDomainPMSuspendedReasonTypeToString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAST:
        break;
    }
    VIR_WARN("Unexpected domain state: %d", state);
    return NULL;
}


int
virDomainStateReasonFromString(virDomainState state, const char *reason)
{
    switch (state) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NOSTATE:
        return virDomainNostateReasonTypeFromString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_RUNNING:
        return virDomainRunningReasonTypeFromString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_BLOCKED:
        return virDomainBlockedReasonTypeFromString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED:
        return virDomainPausedReasonTypeFromString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTDOWN:
        return virDomainShutdownReasonTypeFromString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF:
        return virDomainShutoffReasonTypeFromString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_CRASHED:
        return virDomainCrashedReasonTypeFromString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_PMSUSPENDED:
        return virDomainPMSuspendedReasonTypeFromString(reason);
    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAST:
        break;
    }
    VIR_WARN("Unexpected domain state: %d", state);
    return -1;
}


/* Some access functions to gloss over the difference between NetDef
 * (<interface>) and ActualNetDef (<actual>). If the NetDef has an
 * ActualNetDef, return the requested value from the ActualNetDef,
 * otherwise return the value from the NetDef.
 */

virDomainNetType
virDomainNetGetActualType(const virDomainNetDef *iface)
{
    if (iface->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK)
        return iface->type;
    if (!iface->data.network.actual)
        return iface->type;
    return iface->data.network.actual->type;
}

const char *
virDomainNetGetActualBridgeName(const virDomainNetDef *iface)
{
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE)
        return iface->data.bridge.brname;
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        iface->data.network.actual &&
        (iface->data.network.actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE ||
         iface->data.network.actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK))
        return iface->data.network.actual->data.bridge.brname;
    return NULL;
}

int
virDomainNetGetActualBridgeMACTableManager(const virDomainNetDef *iface)
{
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        iface->data.network.actual &&
        (iface->data.network.actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE ||
         iface->data.network.actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK))
        return iface->data.network.actual->data.bridge.macTableManager;
    return 0;
}

const char *
virDomainNetGetActualDirectDev(const virDomainNetDef *iface)
{
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT)
        return iface->data.direct.linkdev;
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        iface->data.network.actual &&
        iface->data.network.actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT)
        return iface->data.network.actual->data.direct.linkdev;
    return NULL;
}

int
virDomainNetGetActualDirectMode(const virDomainNetDef *iface)
{
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT)
        return iface->data.direct.mode;
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        iface->data.network.actual &&
        iface->data.network.actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT)
        return iface->data.network.actual->data.direct.mode;
    return 0;
}

virDomainHostdevDefPtr
virDomainNetGetActualHostdev(virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
{
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV)
        return &iface->data.hostdev.def;
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        iface->data.network.actual &&
        iface->data.network.actual->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV)
        return &iface->data.network.actual->data.hostdev.def;
    return NULL;
}

const virNetDevVPortProfile *
virDomainNetGetActualVirtPortProfile(const virDomainNetDef *iface)
{
    switch (iface->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
        return iface->virtPortProfile;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK:
        if (!iface->data.network.actual)
            return NULL;
        switch (iface->data.network.actual->type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
            return iface->data.network.actual->virtPortProfile;
        default:
            return NULL;
        }
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_USER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_ETHERNET:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_VHOSTUSER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_SERVER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_CLIENT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_MCAST:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_INTERNAL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_LAST:
    default:
        return NULL;
    }
}

const virNetDevBandwidth *
virDomainNetGetActualBandwidth(const virDomainNetDef *iface)
{
    /* if there is an ActualNetDef, *always* return
     * its bandwidth rather than the NetDef's bandwidth.
     */
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        iface->data.network.actual)
        return iface->data.network.actual->bandwidth;
    return iface->bandwidth;
}

const virNetDevVlan *
virDomainNetGetActualVlan(const virDomainNetDef *iface)
{
    const virNetDevVlan *vlan = &iface->vlan;

    /* if there is an ActualNetDef, *always* return
     * its vlan rather than the NetDef's vlan.
     */
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        iface->data.network.actual)
        vlan = &iface->data.network.actual->vlan;

    if (vlan->nTags > 0)
        return vlan;
    return NULL;
}


virTristateBool
virDomainNetGetActualPortOptionsIsolated(const virDomainNetDef *iface)
{
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        iface->data.network.actual) {
        return iface->data.network.actual->isolatedPort;
    }
    return iface->isolatedPort;
}


bool
virDomainNetGetActualTrustGuestRxFilters(const virDomainNetDef *iface)
{
    if (iface->type == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK &&
        iface->data.network.actual)
        return (iface->data.network.actual->trustGuestRxFilters
                == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES);
    return iface->trustGuestRxFilters == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES;
}

const char *
virDomainNetGetModelString(const virDomainNetDef *net)
{
    if (net->model)
        return virDomainNetModelTypeToString(net->model);
    return net->modelstr;
}

int
virDomainNetSetModelString(virDomainNetDefPtr net,
                           const char *model)
{
    size_t i;

    VIR_FREE(net->modelstr);
    net->model = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_MODEL_UNKNOWN;
    if (!model)
        return 0;

    for (i = 0; i < G_N_ELEMENTS(virDomainNetModelTypeList); i++) {
        if (STRCASEEQ(virDomainNetModelTypeList[i], model)) {
            net->model = i;
            return 0;
        }
    }

    if (strspn(model, NET_MODEL_CHARS) < strlen(model)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG, "%s",
                       _("Model name contains invalid characters"));
        return -1;
    }

    net->modelstr = g_strdup(model);
    return 0;
}

bool
virDomainNetIsVirtioModel(const virDomainNetDef *net)
{
    return (net->model == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_MODEL_VIRTIO ||
            net->model == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_MODEL_VIRTIO_TRANSITIONAL ||
            net->model == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_MODEL_VIRTIO_NON_TRANSITIONAL);
}


/* Return listens[i] from the appropriate union for the graphics
 * type, or NULL if this is an unsuitable type, or the index is out of
 * bounds. If force0 is TRUE, i == 0, and there is no listen array,
 * allocate one with a single item. */
virDomainGraphicsListenDefPtr
virDomainGraphicsGetListen(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def, size_t i)
{
    if (!def->listens || (def->nListens <= i))
        return NULL;

    return &def->listens[i];
}


int
virDomainGraphicsListenAppendAddress(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def,
                                     const char *address)
{
    virDomainGraphicsListenDef glisten;

    memset(&glisten, 0, sizeof(glisten));

    glisten.type = VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_ADDRESS;

    glisten.address = g_strdup(address);

    if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT_COPY(def->listens, def->nListens, glisten) < 0)
        goto error;

    return 0;
 error:
    VIR_FREE(glisten.address);
    return -1;
}


int
virDomainGraphicsListenAppendSocket(virDomainGraphicsDefPtr def,
                                    const char *socketPath)
{
    virDomainGraphicsListenDef glisten;

    memset(&glisten, 0, sizeof(glisten));

    glisten.type = VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_LISTEN_TYPE_SOCKET;

    glisten.socket = g_strdup(socketPath);

    if (VIR_APPEND_ELEMENT_COPY(def->listens, def->nListens, glisten) < 0)
        goto error;

    return 0;

 error:
    VIR_FREE(glisten.socket);
    return -1;
}


/**
 * virDomainNetFind:
 * @def: domain's def
 * @device: could be the interface name or MAC address
 *
 * Finds a domain's net def, given the interface name or MAC address
 *
 * Returns a pointer to the net def or NULL if not found (error is reported).
 */
virDomainNetDefPtr
virDomainNetFind(virDomainDefPtr def, const char *device)
{
    bool isMac = false;
    virMacAddr mac;
    size_t i;

    if (virMacAddrParse(device, &mac) == 0)
        isMac = true;

    if (isMac) {
        for (i = 0; i < def->nnets; i++) {
            if (virMacAddrCmp(&mac, &def->nets[i]->mac) == 0)
                return def->nets[i];
        }
    } else { /* ifname */
        virDomainNetDefPtr net = NULL;

        if ((net = virDomainNetFindByName(def, device)))
            return net;
    }

    virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG,
                   _("'%s' is not a known interface"), device);
    return NULL;
}


/**
 * virDomainNetFindByName:
 * @def: domain's def
 * @ifname: interface name
 *
 * Finds a domain's net def given the interface name.
 *
 * Returns a pointer to the net def or NULL if not found.
 */
virDomainNetDefPtr
virDomainNetFindByName(virDomainDefPtr def,
                       const char *ifname)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nnets; i++) {
        if (STREQ_NULLABLE(ifname, def->nets[i]->ifname))
            return def->nets[i];
    }

    return NULL;
}


/**
 * virDomainDeviceDefCopy:
 * @caps: Capabilities
 * @def: Domain definition to which @src belongs
 * @src: source to be copied
 *
 * virDomainDeviceDefCopy does a deep copy of only the parts of a
 * DeviceDef that are valid when just the flag VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE is
 * set. This means that any part of the device xml that is conditionally
 * parsed/formatted based on some other flag being set (or on the INACTIVE
 * flag being reset) *will not* be copied to the destination. Caveat emptor.
 *
 * Returns a pointer to copied @src or NULL in case of error.
 */
virDomainDeviceDefPtr
virDomainDeviceDefCopy(virDomainDeviceDefPtr src,
                       const virDomainDef *def,
                       virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                       void *parseOpaque)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) buf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    int flags = VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_INACTIVE | VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_FORMAT_SECURE;
    int rc = -1;
    g_autofree char *xmlStr = NULL;

    switch ((virDomainDeviceType) src->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_DISK:
        rc = virDomainDiskDefFormat(&buf, src->data.disk, flags, xmlopt);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LEASE:
        rc = virDomainLeaseDefFormat(&buf, src->data.lease);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_FS:
        rc = virDomainFSDefFormat(&buf, src->data.fs, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NET:
        rc = virDomainNetDefFormat(&buf, src->data.net, xmlopt, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_INPUT:
        rc = virDomainInputDefFormat(&buf, src->data.input, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SOUND:
        rc = virDomainSoundDefFormat(&buf, src->data.sound, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VIDEO:
        rc = virDomainVideoDefFormat(&buf, src->data.video, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HOSTDEV:
        rc = virDomainHostdevDefFormat(&buf, src->data.hostdev, flags, xmlopt);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_WATCHDOG:
        rc = virDomainWatchdogDefFormat(&buf, src->data.watchdog, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CONTROLLER:
        rc = virDomainControllerDefFormat(&buf, src->data.controller, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_GRAPHICS:
        rc = virDomainGraphicsDefFormat(&buf, src->data.graphics, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_HUB:
        rc = virDomainHubDefFormat(&buf, src->data.hub, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_REDIRDEV:
        rc = virDomainRedirdevDefFormat(&buf, src->data.redirdev, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_RNG:
        rc = virDomainRNGDefFormat(&buf, src->data.rng, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_CHR:
        rc = virDomainChrDefFormat(&buf, src->data.chr, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_TPM:
        rc = virDomainTPMDefFormat(&buf, src->data.tpm, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_PANIC:
        rc = virDomainPanicDefFormat(&buf, src->data.panic);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMORY:
        rc = virDomainMemoryDefFormat(&buf, src->data.memory, def, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SHMEM:
        rc = virDomainShmemDefFormat(&buf, src->data.shmem, flags);
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_VSOCK:
        rc = virDomainVsockDefFormat(&buf, src->data.vsock);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_SMARTCARD:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_MEMBALLOON:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NVRAM:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_IOMMU:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_LAST:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Copying definition of '%d' type "
                         "is not implemented yet."),
                       src->type);
        return NULL;
    }

    if (rc < 0)
        return NULL;

    xmlStr = virBufferContentAndReset(&buf);
    return virDomainDeviceDefParse(xmlStr, def, xmlopt, parseOpaque,
                                   VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_INACTIVE |
                                   VIR_DOMAIN_DEF_PARSE_SKIP_VALIDATE);
}


virSecurityLabelDefPtr
virDomainDefGetSecurityLabelDef(virDomainDefPtr def, const char *model)
{
    size_t i;
    virSecurityLabelDefPtr seclabel = NULL;

    if (def == NULL || model == NULL)
        return NULL;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nseclabels; i++) {
        if (def->seclabels[i]->model == NULL)
            continue;
        if (STREQ(def->seclabels[i]->model, model))
            return def->seclabels[i];
    }

    return seclabel;
}


virSecurityDeviceLabelDefPtr
virDomainChrSourceDefGetSecurityLabelDef(virDomainChrSourceDefPtr def,
                                         const char *model)
{
    size_t i;

    if (def == NULL)
        return NULL;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nseclabels; i++) {
        if (STREQ_NULLABLE(def->seclabels[i]->model, model))
            return def->seclabels[i];
    }
    return NULL;
}


typedef struct {
    const char *devAlias;
    virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev;
} virDomainDefFindDeviceCallbackData;

static int
virDomainDefFindDeviceCallback(virDomainDefPtr def G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                               virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                               virDomainDeviceInfoPtr info,
                               void *opaque)
{
    virDomainDefFindDeviceCallbackData *data = opaque;

    if (STREQ_NULLABLE(info->alias, data->devAlias)) {
        *data->dev = *dev;
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

int
virDomainDefFindDevice(virDomainDefPtr def,
                       const char *devAlias,
                       virDomainDeviceDefPtr dev,
                       bool reportError)
{
    virDomainDefFindDeviceCallbackData data = { devAlias, dev };

    dev->type = VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE;
    virDomainDeviceInfoIterateInternal(def, virDomainDefFindDeviceCallback,
                                       DOMAIN_DEVICE_ITERATE_ALL_CONSOLES,
                                       &data);

    if (dev->type == VIR_DOMAIN_DEVICE_NONE) {
        if (reportError) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("no device found with alias %s"), devAlias);
        } else {
            VIR_DEBUG("no device found with alias %s", devAlias);
        }
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


char *
virDomainObjGetMetadata(virDomainObjPtr vm,
                        int type,
                        const char *uri,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainDefPtr def;
    char *ret = NULL;

    virCheckFlags(VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE |
                  VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG, NULL);

    if (type >= VIR_DOMAIN_METADATA_LAST) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG,
                       _("unknown metadata type '%d'"), type);
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!(def = virDomainObjGetOneDef(vm, flags)))
        return NULL;

    switch ((virDomainMetadataType) type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_METADATA_DESCRIPTION:
        ret = g_strdup(def->description);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_METADATA_TITLE:
        ret = g_strdup(def->title);
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_METADATA_ELEMENT:
        if (!def->metadata)
            break;

        if (virXMLExtractNamespaceXML(def->metadata, uri, &ret) < 0)
            return NULL;
        break;

    /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
    case VIR_DOMAIN_METADATA_LAST:
        break;
    }

    if (!ret)
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN_METADATA, "%s",
                       _("Requested metadata element is not present"));

    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainDefSetMetadata(virDomainDefPtr def,
                        int type,
                        const char *metadata,
                        const char *key,
                        const char *uri)
{
    xmlDocPtr doc = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr old;
    xmlNodePtr new = NULL;
    char *tmp = NULL;
    int ret = -1;

    if (type >= VIR_DOMAIN_METADATA_LAST) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INVALID_ARG,
                       _("unknown metadata type '%d'"), type);
        goto cleanup;
    }

    switch ((virDomainMetadataType) type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_METADATA_DESCRIPTION:
        if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(metadata, ""))
            tmp = g_strdup(metadata);

        VIR_FREE(def->description);
        def->description = tmp;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_METADATA_TITLE:
        if (STRNEQ_NULLABLE(metadata, ""))
            tmp = g_strdup(metadata);

        VIR_FREE(def->title);
        def->title = tmp;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_METADATA_ELEMENT:
        if (metadata) {
            /* parse and modify the xml from the user */
            if (!(doc = virXMLParseString(metadata, _("(metadata_xml)"))))
                goto cleanup;

            if (virXMLInjectNamespace(doc->children, uri, key) < 0)
                goto cleanup;

            /* create the root node if needed */
            if (!def->metadata &&
                !(def->metadata = xmlNewNode(NULL, (unsigned char *)"metadata"))) {
                virReportOOMError();
                goto cleanup;
            }

            if (!(new = xmlCopyNode(doc->children, 1))) {
                virReportOOMError();
                goto cleanup;
            }
        }

        /* remove possible other nodes sharing the namespace */
        while ((old = virXMLFindChildNodeByNs(def->metadata, uri))) {
            xmlUnlinkNode(old);
            xmlFreeNode(old);
        }

        if (new &&
            !(xmlAddChild(def->metadata, new))) {
            xmlFreeNode(new);
            virReportOOMError();
            goto cleanup;
        }
        break;

    /* coverity[dead_error_begin] */
    case VIR_DOMAIN_METADATA_LAST:
        break;
    }

    ret = 0;

 cleanup:
    xmlFreeDoc(doc);
    return ret;
}


int
virDomainObjSetMetadata(virDomainObjPtr vm,
                        int type,
                        const char *metadata,
                        const char *key,
                        const char *uri,
                        virDomainXMLOptionPtr xmlopt,
                        const char *stateDir,
                        const char *configDir,
                        unsigned int flags)
{
    virDomainDefPtr def;
    virDomainDefPtr persistentDef;

    virCheckFlags(VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_LIVE |
                  VIR_DOMAIN_AFFECT_CONFIG, -1);

    if (virDomainObjGetDefs(vm, flags, &def, &persistentDef) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (def) {
        if (virDomainDefSetMetadata(def, type, metadata, key, uri) < 0)
            return -1;

        if (virDomainObjSave(vm, xmlopt, stateDir) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (persistentDef) {
        if (virDomainDefSetMetadata(persistentDef, type, metadata, key,
                                    uri) < 0)
            return -1;

        if (virDomainDefSave(persistentDef, xmlopt, configDir) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


bool
virDomainDefNeedsPlacementAdvice(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    if (def->placement_mode == VIR_DOMAIN_CPU_PLACEMENT_MODE_AUTO)
        return true;

    if (virDomainNumatuneHasPlacementAuto(def->numa))
        return true;

    return false;
}


int
virDomainDiskDefCheckDuplicateInfo(const virDomainDiskDef *a,
                                   const virDomainDiskDef *b)
{
    if (STREQ(a->dst, b->dst)) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                       _("target '%s' duplicated for disk sources '%s' and '%s'"),
                       a->dst,
                       NULLSTR(virDomainDiskGetSource(a)),
                       NULLSTR(virDomainDiskGetSource(b)));
        return -1;
    }

    /* Duplicate WWN/serial isn't usually problematic for the OS and
     * forbidding it would possibly inhibit using multipath configurations */

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefHasMemballoon:
 * @def: domain definition
 *
 * Returns true if domain has a memory ballooning device configured.
 */
bool
virDomainDefHasMemballoon(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    return def->memballoon &&
           def->memballoon->model != VIR_DOMAIN_MEMBALLOON_MODEL_NONE;
}


#define VIR_DOMAIN_SHORT_NAME_MAX 20

/**
 * virDomainDefGetShortName:
 * @vm: Machine for which to get a name
 * @unique: Make sure the name is unique (use id as well)
 *
 * Shorten domain name to avoid possible path length limitations.
 */
char *
virDomainDefGetShortName(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    wchar_t wshortname[VIR_DOMAIN_SHORT_NAME_MAX + 1] = {0};
    size_t len = 0;
    g_autofree char *shortname = NULL;

    /* No need to do the whole conversion thing when there are no multibyte
     * characters.  The same applies for illegal sequences as they can occur
     * with incompatible locales. */
    len = mbstowcs(NULL, def->name, 0);
    if ((len == (size_t) -1 && errno == EILSEQ) ||
        len == strlen(def->name)) {
        return g_strdup_printf("%d-%.*s", def->id, VIR_DOMAIN_SHORT_NAME_MAX,
                               def->name);
    }

    if (len == (size_t) -1) {
        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
                             _("Cannot convert domain name to "
                               "wide character string"));
        return NULL;
    }

    if (mbstowcs(wshortname, def->name, VIR_DOMAIN_SHORT_NAME_MAX) == (size_t) -1) {
        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
                             _("Cannot convert domain name to "
                               "wide character string"));
        return NULL;
    }

    len = wcstombs(NULL, wshortname, 0);
    if (len == (size_t) -1) {
        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
                             _("Cannot convert wide character string "
                               "back to multi-byte domain name"));
        return NULL;
    }

    if (VIR_ALLOC_N(shortname, len + 1) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (wcstombs(shortname, wshortname, len) == (size_t) -1) {
        virReportSystemError(errno, "%s",
                             _("Cannot convert wide character string "
                               "back to multi-byte domain name"));
        return NULL;
    }

    return g_strdup_printf("%d-%s", def->id, shortname);
}

#undef VIR_DOMAIN_SHORT_NAME_MAX

int
virDomainGetBlkioParametersAssignFromDef(virDomainDefPtr def,
                                         virTypedParameterPtr params,
                                         int *nparams,
                                         int maxparams)
{
    g_auto(virBuffer) buf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
    char *data = NULL;
    size_t i;

#define VIR_BLKIO_ASSIGN(param, format, name) \
    if (*nparams < maxparams) { \
        for (i = 0; i < def->blkio.ndevices; i++) { \
            if (!def->blkio.devices[i].param) \
                continue; \
            virBufferAsprintf(&buf, "%s," format ",", \
                              def->blkio.devices[i].path, \
                              def->blkio.devices[i].param); \
        } \
        virBufferTrim(&buf, ","); \
        data = virBufferContentAndReset(&buf); \
        if (virTypedParameterAssign(&(params[(*nparams)++]), name, \
                                    VIR_TYPED_PARAM_STRING, data) < 0) \
            goto error; \
        data = NULL; \
    }

    /* blkiotune.device_weight */
    VIR_BLKIO_ASSIGN(weight, "%u", VIR_DOMAIN_BLKIO_DEVICE_WEIGHT);
    /* blkiotune.device_read_iops */
    VIR_BLKIO_ASSIGN(riops, "%u", VIR_DOMAIN_BLKIO_DEVICE_READ_IOPS);
    /* blkiotune.device_write_iops */
    VIR_BLKIO_ASSIGN(wiops, "%u", VIR_DOMAIN_BLKIO_DEVICE_WRITE_IOPS);
    /* blkiotune.device_read_bps */
    VIR_BLKIO_ASSIGN(rbps, "%llu", VIR_DOMAIN_BLKIO_DEVICE_READ_BPS);
    /* blkiotune.device_write_bps */
    VIR_BLKIO_ASSIGN(wbps, "%llu", VIR_DOMAIN_BLKIO_DEVICE_WRITE_BPS);

#undef VIR_BLKIO_ASSIGN

    return 0;

 error:
    VIR_FREE(data);
    return -1;
}


void
virDomainDefVcpuOrderClear(virDomainDefPtr def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->maxvcpus; i++)
        def->vcpus[i]->order = 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainDiskSetBlockIOTune:
 * @disk: The disk to set block I/O tuning on
 * @info: The BlockIoTuneInfo to be set on the @disk
 *
 * Set the block I/O tune settings from @info on the @disk, but error out early
 * in case of any error.  That is to make sure nothing will fail half-way.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, -1 otherwise
 */
int
virDomainDiskSetBlockIOTune(virDomainDiskDefPtr disk,
                            virDomainBlockIoTuneInfo *info)
{
    char *tmp_group = NULL;

    tmp_group = g_strdup(info->group_name);

    VIR_FREE(disk->blkdeviotune.group_name);
    disk->blkdeviotune = *info;
    disk->blkdeviotune.group_name = g_steal_pointer(&tmp_group);

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainNetTypeSharesHostView:
 * @net: interface
 *
 * Some types of interfaces "share" the host view. For instance,
 * for macvtap interface, every domain RX is the host RX too. And
 * every domain TX is host TX too. IOW, for some types of
 * interfaces guest and host are on the same side of RX/TX
 * barrier. This is important so that we set up QoS correctly and
 * report proper stats.
 */
bool
virDomainNetTypeSharesHostView(const virDomainNetDef *net)
{
    virDomainNetType actualType = virDomainNetGetActualType(net);
    switch (actualType) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_ETHERNET:
        return true;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_USER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_VHOSTUSER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_SERVER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_CLIENT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_MCAST:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_INTERNAL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }
    return false;
}

virNetworkPortDefPtr
virDomainNetDefToNetworkPort(virDomainDefPtr dom,
                             virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
{
    g_autoptr(virNetworkPortDef) port = NULL;

    if (iface->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Expected an interface of type 'network' not '%s'"),
                       virDomainNetTypeToString(iface->type));
        return NULL;
    }

    if (VIR_ALLOC(port) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virUUIDGenerate(port->uuid) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("Failed to generate UUID"));
        return NULL;
    }

    memcpy(port->owneruuid, dom->uuid, VIR_UUID_BUFLEN);
    port->ownername = g_strdup(dom->name);

    port->group = g_strdup(iface->data.network.portgroup);

    memcpy(&port->mac, &iface->mac, VIR_MAC_BUFLEN);

    if (virNetDevVPortProfileCopy(&port->virtPortProfile, iface->virtPortProfile) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virNetDevBandwidthCopy(&port->bandwidth, iface->bandwidth) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virNetDevVlanCopy(&port->vlan, &iface->vlan) < 0)
        return NULL;

    port->isolatedPort = iface->isolatedPort;
    port->trustGuestRxFilters = iface->trustGuestRxFilters;

    return g_steal_pointer(&port);
}

int
virDomainNetDefActualFromNetworkPort(virDomainNetDefPtr iface,
                                     virNetworkPortDefPtr port)
{
    virDomainActualNetDefPtr actual = NULL;

    if (iface->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Expected an interface of type 'network' not '%s'"),
                       virDomainNetTypeToString(iface->type));
        return -1;
    }

    if (VIR_ALLOC(actual) < 0)
        return -1;

    switch ((virNetworkPortPlugType)port->plugtype) {
    case VIR_NETWORK_PORT_PLUG_TYPE_NONE:
        break;

    case VIR_NETWORK_PORT_PLUG_TYPE_NETWORK:
        actual->type = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK;
        actual->data.bridge.brname = g_strdup(port->plug.bridge.brname);
        actual->data.bridge.macTableManager = port->plug.bridge.macTableManager;
        break;

    case VIR_NETWORK_PORT_PLUG_TYPE_BRIDGE:
        actual->type = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE;
        actual->data.bridge.brname = g_strdup(port->plug.bridge.brname);
        actual->data.bridge.macTableManager = port->plug.bridge.macTableManager;
        break;

    case VIR_NETWORK_PORT_PLUG_TYPE_DIRECT:
        actual->type = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT;
        actual->data.direct.linkdev = g_strdup(port->plug.direct.linkdev);
        actual->data.direct.mode = port->plug.direct.mode;
        break;

    case VIR_NETWORK_PORT_PLUG_TYPE_HOSTDEV_PCI:
        actual->type = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV;
        actual->data.hostdev.def.parentnet = iface;
        actual->data.hostdev.def.info = &iface->info;
        actual->data.hostdev.def.mode = VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS;
        switch (port->plug.hostdevpci.managed) {
        case VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES:
            actual->data.hostdev.def.managed = true;
            break;
        case VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_ABSENT:
        case VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_NO:
            actual->data.hostdev.def.managed = false;
            break;
        }
        actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.type = VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_PCI;
        actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.u.pci.addr = port->plug.hostdevpci.addr;
        switch ((virNetworkForwardDriverNameType)port->plug.hostdevpci.driver) {
        case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_DRIVER_NAME_DEFAULT:
            actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.u.pci.backend =
                VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_DEFAULT;
            break;

        case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_DRIVER_NAME_KVM:
            actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.u.pci.backend =
                VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_KVM;
            break;

        case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_DRIVER_NAME_VFIO:
            actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.u.pci.backend =
                VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_VFIO;
            break;

        case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_DRIVER_NAME_LAST:
        default:
            virReportEnumRangeError(virNetworkForwardDriverNameType,
                                    port->plug.hostdevpci.driver);
            goto error;
        }

        break;

    case VIR_NETWORK_PORT_PLUG_TYPE_LAST:
    default:
        virReportEnumRangeError(virNetworkPortPlugType, port->plugtype);
        goto error;
    }

    if (virNetDevVPortProfileCopy(&actual->virtPortProfile, port->virtPortProfile) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virNetDevBandwidthCopy(&actual->bandwidth, port->bandwidth) < 0)
        goto error;

    if (virNetDevVlanCopy(&actual->vlan, &port->vlan) < 0)
        goto error;

    actual->isolatedPort = port->isolatedPort;
    actual->class_id = port->class_id;
    actual->trustGuestRxFilters = port->trustGuestRxFilters;

    virDomainActualNetDefFree(iface->data.network.actual);
    iface->data.network.actual = actual;

    return 0;

 error:
    virDomainActualNetDefFree(actual);
    return -1;
}

virNetworkPortDefPtr
virDomainNetDefActualToNetworkPort(virDomainDefPtr dom,
                                   virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
{
    virDomainActualNetDefPtr actual;
    g_autoptr(virNetworkPortDef) port = NULL;

    if (!iface->data.network.actual) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Missing actual data for interface '%s'"),
                       iface->ifname);
        return NULL;
    }

    actual = iface->data.network.actual;

    if (iface->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("Expected an interface of type 'network' not '%s'"),
                       virDomainNetTypeToString(iface->type));
        return NULL;
    }

    if (VIR_ALLOC(port) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virUUIDIsValid(iface->data.network.portid)) {
        memcpy(port->uuid, iface->data.network.portid, VIR_UUID_BUFLEN);
    } else if (virUUIDGenerate(port->uuid) < 0) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       "%s", _("Failed to generate UUID"));
        return NULL;
    }

    memcpy(port->owneruuid, dom->uuid, VIR_UUID_BUFLEN);
    port->ownername = g_strdup(dom->name);

    port->group = g_strdup(iface->data.network.portgroup);

    memcpy(&port->mac, &iface->mac, VIR_MAC_BUFLEN);

    switch (virDomainNetGetActualType(iface)) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK:
        port->plugtype = VIR_NETWORK_PORT_PLUG_TYPE_NETWORK;
        port->plug.bridge.brname = g_strdup(actual->data.bridge.brname);
        port->plug.bridge.macTableManager = actual->data.bridge.macTableManager;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE:
        port->plugtype = VIR_NETWORK_PORT_PLUG_TYPE_BRIDGE;
        port->plug.bridge.brname = g_strdup(actual->data.bridge.brname);
        port->plug.bridge.macTableManager = actual->data.bridge.macTableManager;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT:
        port->plugtype = VIR_NETWORK_PORT_PLUG_TYPE_DIRECT;
        port->plug.direct.linkdev = g_strdup(actual->data.direct.linkdev);
        port->plug.direct.mode = actual->data.direct.mode;
        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
        port->plugtype = VIR_NETWORK_PORT_PLUG_TYPE_HOSTDEV_PCI;
        if (actual->data.hostdev.def.mode != VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS ||
            actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.type != VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_PCI) {
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("Actual interface '%s' hostdev was not a PCI device"),
                           iface->ifname);
            return NULL;
        }
        port->plug.hostdevpci.managed = virTristateBoolFromBool(actual->data.hostdev.def.managed);
        port->plug.hostdevpci.addr = actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.u.pci.addr;
        switch ((virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIBackendType)actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.u.pci.backend) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_DEFAULT:
            port->plug.hostdevpci.driver = VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_DRIVER_NAME_DEFAULT;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_KVM:
            port->plug.hostdevpci.driver = VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_DRIVER_NAME_KVM;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_VFIO:
            port->plug.hostdevpci.driver = VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_DRIVER_NAME_VFIO;
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_XEN:
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                           _("Unexpected PCI backend 'xen'"));
            break;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_TYPE_LAST:
        default:
            virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainHostdevSubsysPCIBackendType,
                                    actual->data.hostdev.def.source.subsys.u.pci.backend);
            return NULL;
        }

        break;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_CLIENT:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_ETHERNET:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_INTERNAL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_MCAST:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_SERVER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_UDP:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_USER:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_VHOSTUSER:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("Unexpected network port type %s"),
                       virDomainNetTypeToString(virDomainNetGetActualType(iface)));
        return NULL;

    case VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_LAST:
    default:
        virReportEnumRangeError(virNetworkPortPlugType, port->plugtype);
        return NULL;
    }

    if (virNetDevVPortProfileCopy(&port->virtPortProfile, actual->virtPortProfile) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virNetDevBandwidthCopy(&port->bandwidth, actual->bandwidth) < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (virNetDevVlanCopy(&port->vlan, &actual->vlan) < 0)
        return NULL;

    port->isolatedPort = actual->isolatedPort;
    port->class_id = actual->class_id;
    port->trustGuestRxFilters = actual->trustGuestRxFilters;

    return g_steal_pointer(&port);
}


static int
virDomainNetCreatePort(virConnectPtr conn,
                       virDomainDefPtr dom,
                       virDomainNetDefPtr iface,
                       unsigned int flags)
{
    virErrorPtr save_err;
    g_autoptr(virNetwork) net = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virNetworkPortDef) portdef = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virNetworkPort) port = NULL;
    g_autofree char *portxml = NULL;

    if (!(net = virNetworkLookupByName(conn, iface->data.network.name)))
        return -1;

    if (flags & VIR_NETWORK_PORT_CREATE_RECLAIM) {
        char uuidstr[VIR_UUID_STRING_BUFLEN];
        char macstr[VIR_MAC_STRING_BUFLEN];

        virUUIDFormat(iface->data.network.portid, uuidstr);
        virMacAddrFormat(&iface->mac, macstr);

        /* if the port is already registered, then we are done */
        if (virUUIDIsValid(iface->data.network.portid) &&
            (port = virNetworkPortLookupByUUID(net, iface->data.network.portid))) {
            VIR_DEBUG("network: %s domain: %s mac: %s port: %s - already registered, skipping",
                      iface->data.network.name, dom->name, macstr, uuidstr);
            return 0;
        }

        /* otherwise we need to create a new port */
        VIR_DEBUG("network: %s domain: %s mac: %s port: %s - not found, reclaiming",
                  iface->data.network.name, dom->name, macstr, uuidstr);
        if (!(portdef = virDomainNetDefActualToNetworkPort(dom, iface)))
            return -1;
    } else {
        if (!(portdef = virDomainNetDefToNetworkPort(dom, iface)))
            return -1;
    }

    if (!(portxml = virNetworkPortDefFormat(portdef)))
        return -1;

    /* prepare to re-use portdef */
    virNetworkPortDefFree(portdef);
    portdef = NULL;

    if (!(port = virNetworkPortCreateXML(net, portxml, flags)))
        return -1;

    /* prepare to re-use portxml */
    VIR_FREE(portxml);

    if (!(portxml = virNetworkPortGetXMLDesc(port, 0)) ||
        !(portdef = virNetworkPortDefParseString(portxml)) ||
        virDomainNetDefActualFromNetworkPort(iface, portdef) < 0) {
        virErrorPreserveLast(&save_err);
        virNetworkPortDelete(port, 0);
        virErrorRestore(&save_err);
        return -1;
    }

    virNetworkPortGetUUID(port, iface->data.network.portid);
    return 0;
}

int
virDomainNetAllocateActualDevice(virConnectPtr conn,
                                 virDomainDefPtr dom,
                                 virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
{
    return virDomainNetCreatePort(conn, dom, iface, 0);
}

void
virDomainNetNotifyActualDevice(virConnectPtr conn,
                               virDomainDefPtr dom,
                               virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
{
    virDomainNetType actualType = virDomainNetGetActualType(iface);

    if (virDomainNetCreatePort(conn, dom, iface,
                               VIR_NETWORK_PORT_CREATE_RECLAIM) < 0) {
        return;
    }

    if (actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK ||
        actualType == VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE) {
        /*
         * NB: we can't notify the guest of any MTU change anyway,
         * so there is no point in trying to learn the actualMTU
         * (final arg to virNetDevTapReattachBridge())
         */
        ignore_value(virNetDevTapReattachBridge(iface->ifname,
                                                iface->data.network.actual->data.bridge.brname,
                                                &iface->mac, dom->uuid,
                                                virDomainNetGetActualVirtPortProfile(iface),
                                                virDomainNetGetActualVlan(iface),
                                                virDomainNetGetActualPortOptionsIsolated(iface),
                                                iface->mtu, NULL));
    }
}


int
virDomainNetReleaseActualDevice(virConnectPtr conn,
                                virDomainDefPtr dom G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                                virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
{
    virNetworkPtr net = NULL;
    virNetworkPortPtr port = NULL;
    int ret = -1;

    /* Port might not exist if a failure occurred during VM startup */
    if (!virUUIDIsValid(iface->data.network.portid)) {
        ret = 0;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!(net = virNetworkLookupByName(conn, iface->data.network.name)))
        goto cleanup;

    if (!(port = virNetworkPortLookupByUUID(net, iface->data.network.portid)))
        goto cleanup;

    if (virNetworkPortDelete(port, 0) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

 cleanup:
    virObjectUnref(port);
    virObjectUnref(net);
    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainNetBandwidthToTypedParams(virNetDevBandwidthPtr bandwidth,
                                   virTypedParameterPtr *params,
                                   int *nparams)
{
    int maxparams = 0;

    if ((bandwidth->in != NULL) &&
        (virTypedParamsAddUInt(params, nparams, &maxparams,
                               VIR_NETWORK_PORT_BANDWIDTH_IN_AVERAGE,
                               bandwidth->in->average) < 0 ||
         virTypedParamsAddUInt(params, nparams, &maxparams,
                               VIR_NETWORK_PORT_BANDWIDTH_IN_PEAK,
                               bandwidth->in->peak) < 0 ||
         virTypedParamsAddUInt(params, nparams, &maxparams,
                               VIR_NETWORK_PORT_BANDWIDTH_IN_FLOOR,
                               bandwidth->in->floor) < 0 ||
         virTypedParamsAddUInt(params, nparams, &maxparams,
                               VIR_NETWORK_PORT_BANDWIDTH_IN_BURST,
                               bandwidth->in->burst) < 0))
        goto error;

    if ((bandwidth->out != NULL) &&
        (virTypedParamsAddUInt(params, nparams, &maxparams,
                               VIR_NETWORK_PORT_BANDWIDTH_OUT_AVERAGE,
                               bandwidth->out->average) < 0 ||
         virTypedParamsAddUInt(params, nparams, &maxparams,
                               VIR_NETWORK_PORT_BANDWIDTH_OUT_PEAK,
                               bandwidth->out->peak) < 0 ||
         virTypedParamsAddUInt(params, nparams, &maxparams,
                               VIR_NETWORK_PORT_BANDWIDTH_OUT_BURST,
                               bandwidth->out->burst) < 0))
        goto error;

    return 0;

 error:
    virTypedParamsFree(*params, *nparams);
    *params = NULL;
    *nparams = 0;
    return -1;
}


int
virDomainNetBandwidthUpdate(virDomainNetDefPtr iface,
                            virNetDevBandwidthPtr newBandwidth)
{
    virNetworkPtr net = NULL;
    virNetworkPortPtr port = NULL;
    virTypedParameterPtr params = NULL;
    int nparams = 0;
    virConnectPtr conn = NULL;
    int ret = -1;

    if (!(conn = virGetConnectNetwork()))
        goto cleanup;

    if (!(net = virNetworkLookupByName(conn, iface->data.network.name)))
        goto cleanup;

    if (!(port = virNetworkPortLookupByUUID(net, iface->data.network.portid)))
        goto cleanup;

    if (virDomainNetBandwidthToTypedParams(newBandwidth, &params, &nparams) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    if (virNetworkPortSetParameters(port, params, nparams, 0) < 0)
        goto cleanup;

    ret = 0;
 cleanup:
    virObjectUnref(conn);
    virTypedParamsFree(params, nparams);
    virObjectUnref(port);
    virObjectUnref(net);
    return ret;
}

/* virDomainNetResolveActualType:
 * @iface: the original NetDef from the domain
 *
 * Looks up the network reference by iface, and returns the actual
 * type of the connection without allocating any resources.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
 */
int
virDomainNetResolveActualType(virDomainNetDefPtr iface)
{
    virNetworkDefPtr def = NULL;
    int ret = -1;
    g_autofree char *xml = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virConnect) conn = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virNetwork) net = NULL;

    if (iface->type != VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK)
        return iface->type;

    if (iface->data.network.actual)
        return iface->data.network.actual->type;

    if (!(conn = virGetConnectNetwork()))
        return -1;

    if (!(net = virNetworkLookupByName(conn, iface->data.network.name)))
        goto cleanup;

    if (!(xml = virNetworkGetXMLDesc(net, 0)))
        goto cleanup;

    if (!(def = virNetworkDefParseString(xml, NULL)))
        goto cleanup;

    switch ((virNetworkForwardType) def->forward.type) {
    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NONE:
    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_NAT:
    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_ROUTE:
    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_OPEN:
        /* for these forward types, the actual net type really *is*
         * NETWORK; we just keep the info from the portgroup in
         * iface->data.network.actual
         */
        ret = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_NETWORK;
        break;

    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_HOSTDEV:
        ret = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_HOSTDEV;
        break;

    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE:
        if (def->bridge) {
            /* <forward type='bridge'/> <bridge name='xxx'/>
             * is VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE
             */
            ret = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_BRIDGE;
            break;
        }

        /* intentionally fall through to the direct case for
         * VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_BRIDGE with no bridge device defined
         */
        G_GNUC_FALLTHROUGH;

    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PRIVATE:
    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_VEPA:
    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_PASSTHROUGH:
        /* <forward type='bridge|private|vepa|passthrough'> are all
         * VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT.
         */
        ret = VIR_DOMAIN_NET_TYPE_DIRECT;
        break;

    case VIR_NETWORK_FORWARD_LAST:
    default:
        virReportEnumRangeError(virNetworkForwardType, def->forward.type);
        goto cleanup;
    }

 cleanup:
    virNetworkDefFree(def);
    return ret;
}


static int
virDomainDiskAddISCSIPoolSourceHost(virStorageSourcePtr src,
                                    virStoragePoolDefPtr pooldef)
{
    VIR_AUTOSTRINGLIST tokens = NULL;
    size_t ntokens;

    /* Only support one host */
    if (pooldef->source.nhost != 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED, "%s",
                       _("Expected exactly 1 host for the storage pool"));
        return -1;
    }

    /* iscsi pool only supports one host */
    src->nhosts = 1;
    src->hosts = g_new0(virStorageNetHostDef, 1);

    src->hosts[0].name = g_strdup(pooldef->source.hosts[0].name);

    if (pooldef->source.hosts[0].port != 0)
        src->hosts[0].port = pooldef->source.hosts[0].port;
    else
        src->hosts[0].port = 3260;

    /* iscsi volume has name like "unit:0:0:1" */
    if (!(tokens = virStringSplitCount(src->srcpool->volume, ":", 0, &ntokens)))
        return -1;

    if (ntokens != 4) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                       _("unexpected iscsi volume name '%s'"),
                       src->srcpool->volume);
        return -1;
    }

    /* iscsi pool has only one source device path */
    src->path = g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", pooldef->source.devices[0].path,
                                tokens[3]);

    /* Storage pool have not supported these 2 attributes yet,
     * use the defaults.
     */
    src->hosts[0].transport = VIR_STORAGE_NET_HOST_TRANS_TCP;
    src->hosts[0].socket = NULL;

    src->protocol = VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_ISCSI;

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskTranslateSourcePoolAuth(virStorageSourcePtr src,
                                     virStoragePoolSourcePtr source)
{
    /* Only necessary when authentication set */
    if (!source->auth)
        return 0;

    src->auth = virStorageAuthDefCopy(source->auth);
    if (!src->auth)
        return -1;
    /* A <disk> doesn't use <auth type='%s', so clear that out for the disk */
    src->auth->authType = VIR_STORAGE_AUTH_TYPE_NONE;
    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainDiskTranslateISCSIDirect(virStorageSourcePtr src,
                                  virStoragePoolDefPtr pooldef)
{
    src->srcpool->actualtype = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_NETWORK;
    src->protocol = VIR_STORAGE_NET_PROTOCOL_ISCSI;

    if (virDomainDiskTranslateSourcePoolAuth(src,
                                             &pooldef->source) < 0)
        return -1;

    /* Source pool may not fill in the secrettype field,
     * so we need to do so here
     */
    if (src->auth && !src->auth->secrettype) {
        const char *secrettype =
            virSecretUsageTypeToString(VIR_SECRET_USAGE_TYPE_ISCSI);
        src->auth->secrettype = g_strdup(secrettype);
    }

    if (virDomainDiskAddISCSIPoolSourceHost(src, pooldef) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (!src->initiator.iqn && pooldef->source.initiator.iqn &&
        virStorageSourceInitiatorCopy(&src->initiator,
                                      &pooldef->source.initiator) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


static int
virDomainStorageSourceTranslateSourcePool(virStorageSourcePtr src,
                                          virConnectPtr conn)
{
    virStorageVolInfo info;
    g_autoptr(virStoragePoolDef) pooldef = NULL;
    g_autofree char *poolxml = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virStoragePool) pool = NULL;
    g_autoptr(virStorageVol) vol = NULL;

    if (!(pool = virStoragePoolLookupByName(conn, src->srcpool->pool)))
        return -1;

    if (virStoragePoolIsActive(pool) != 1) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("storage pool '%s' containing volume '%s' "
                         "is not active"),
                       src->srcpool->pool, src->srcpool->volume);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(vol = virStorageVolLookupByName(pool, src->srcpool->volume)))
        return -1;

    if (virStorageVolGetInfo(vol, &info) < 0)
        return -1;

    if (!(poolxml = virStoragePoolGetXMLDesc(pool, 0)))
        return -1;

    if (!(pooldef = virStoragePoolDefParseString(poolxml)))
        return -1;

    src->srcpool->pooltype = pooldef->type;
    src->srcpool->voltype = info.type;

    if (src->srcpool->mode && pooldef->type != VIR_STORAGE_POOL_ISCSI) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("disk source mode is only valid when "
                         "storage pool is of iscsi type"));
        return -1;
    }

    VIR_FREE(src->path);
    virStorageNetHostDefFree(src->nhosts, src->hosts);
    src->nhosts = 0;
    src->hosts = NULL;
    virStorageAuthDefFree(src->auth);
    src->auth = NULL;

    switch ((virStoragePoolType) pooldef->type) {
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_DIR:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_FS:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_NETFS:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_LOGICAL:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_DISK:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_SCSI:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_ZFS:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_VSTORAGE:
        if (!(src->path = virStorageVolGetPath(vol)))
            return -1;

        switch (info.type) {
        case VIR_STORAGE_VOL_FILE:
            src->srcpool->actualtype = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_FILE;
            break;

        case VIR_STORAGE_VOL_DIR:
            src->srcpool->actualtype = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_DIR;
            break;

        case VIR_STORAGE_VOL_BLOCK:
            src->srcpool->actualtype = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_BLOCK;
            break;

        case VIR_STORAGE_VOL_PLOOP:
            src->srcpool->actualtype = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_FILE;
            break;

        case VIR_STORAGE_VOL_NETWORK:
        case VIR_STORAGE_VOL_NETDIR:
            virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR,
                           _("unexpected storage volume type '%s' "
                             "for storage pool type '%s'"),
                           virStorageVolTypeToString(info.type),
                           virStoragePoolTypeToString(pooldef->type));
            return -1;
        }

        break;

    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_ISCSI_DIRECT:
        if (virDomainDiskTranslateISCSIDirect(src, pooldef) < 0)
            return -1;

        break;

    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_ISCSI:
       switch (src->srcpool->mode) {
       case VIR_STORAGE_SOURCE_POOL_MODE_DEFAULT:
       case VIR_STORAGE_SOURCE_POOL_MODE_LAST:
           src->srcpool->mode = VIR_STORAGE_SOURCE_POOL_MODE_HOST;
           G_GNUC_FALLTHROUGH;
       case VIR_STORAGE_SOURCE_POOL_MODE_HOST:
           src->srcpool->actualtype = VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_BLOCK;
           if (!(src->path = virStorageVolGetPath(vol)))
               return -1;
           break;

       case VIR_STORAGE_SOURCE_POOL_MODE_DIRECT:
           if (virDomainDiskTranslateISCSIDirect(src, pooldef) < 0)
               return -1;
           break;
       }
       break;

    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_MPATH:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_RBD:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_SHEEPDOG:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_GLUSTER:
    case VIR_STORAGE_POOL_LAST:
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED,
                       _("using '%s' pools for backing 'volume' disks "
                         "isn't yet supported"),
                       virStoragePoolTypeToString(pooldef->type));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


int
virDomainDiskTranslateSourcePool(virDomainDiskDefPtr def)
{
    g_autoptr(virConnect) conn = NULL;
    virStorageSourcePtr n;

    for (n = def->src; virStorageSourceIsBacking(n); n = n->backingStore) {
        if (n->type != VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_VOLUME || !n->srcpool)
            continue;

        if (!conn) {
            if (!(conn = virGetConnectStorage()))
                return -1;
        }

        if (virDomainStorageSourceTranslateSourcePool(n, conn) < 0)
            return -1;
    }

    if (def->startupPolicy != 0 &&
        virStorageSourceGetActualType(def->src) != VIR_STORAGE_TYPE_FILE) {
        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
                       _("'startupPolicy' is only valid for "
                         "'file' type volume"));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virDomainDiskGetDetectZeroesMode:
 * @discard: disk/image sector discard setting
 * @detect_zeroes: disk/image zero sector detection mode
 *
 * As a convenience syntax, if discards are ignored and zero detection is set
 * to 'unmap', then simply behave like zero detection is set to 'on'.  But
 * don't change it in the XML for easier adjustments.  This behaviour is
 * documented.
 */
int
virDomainDiskGetDetectZeroesMode(virDomainDiskDiscard discard,
                                 virDomainDiskDetectZeroes detect_zeroes)
{
    if (discard != VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DISCARD_UNMAP &&
        detect_zeroes == VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DETECT_ZEROES_UNMAP)
        return VIR_DOMAIN_DISK_DETECT_ZEROES_ON;

    return detect_zeroes;
}


/**
 * virDomainDefHasManagedPR:
 * @def: domain definition
 *
 * Returns true if any of the domain disks requires the use of the managed
 * persistent reservations infrastructure.
 */
bool
virDomainDefHasManagedPR(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        if (virStorageSourceChainHasManagedPR(def->disks[i]->src))
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}


bool
virDomainDefHasNVMeDisk(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ndisks; i++) {
        if (virStorageSourceChainHasNVMe(def->disks[i]->src))
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}


bool
virDomainDefHasVFIOHostdev(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nhostdevs; i++) {
        if (virHostdevIsVFIODevice(def->hostdevs[i]))
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}


bool
virDomainDefHasMdevHostdev(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->nhostdevs; i++) {
        if (virHostdevIsMdevDevice(def->hostdevs[i]))
            return true;
    }

    return false;
}


bool
virDomainDefHasOldStyleUEFI(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    return def->os.loader &&
           def->os.loader->type == VIR_DOMAIN_LOADER_TYPE_PFLASH;
}


bool
virDomainDefHasOldStyleROUEFI(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    return virDomainDefHasOldStyleUEFI(def) &&
           def->os.loader->readonly == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES;
}


/**
 * virDomainGraphicsDefHasOpenGL:
 * @def: domain definition
 *
 * Returns true if a domain config contains at least one <graphics> element
 * with OpenGL support enabled, false otherwise.
 */
bool
virDomainGraphicsDefHasOpenGL(const virDomainDef *def)
{
    size_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < def->ngraphics; i++) {
        virDomainGraphicsDefPtr graphics = def->graphics[i];

        /* we only care about OpenGL support for a given type here */
        switch (graphics->type) {
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_VNC:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_RDP:
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_DESKTOP:
            continue;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SDL:
            if (graphics->data.sdl.gl == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES)
                return true;

            continue;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE:
            if (graphics->data.spice.gl == VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES)
                return true;

            continue;
        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_EGL_HEADLESS:
            return true;

        case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_LAST:
            break;
        }
    }

    return false;
}


bool
virDomainGraphicsSupportsRenderNode(const virDomainGraphicsDef *graphics)
{
    bool ret = false;

    if (graphics->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE ||
        graphics->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_EGL_HEADLESS)
        ret = true;

    return ret;
}


const char *
virDomainGraphicsGetRenderNode(const virDomainGraphicsDef *graphics)
{
    const char *ret = NULL;

    switch (graphics->type) {
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE:
        ret = graphics->data.spice.rendernode;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_EGL_HEADLESS:
        ret = graphics->data.egl_headless.rendernode;
        break;
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SDL:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_VNC:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_RDP:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_DESKTOP:
    case VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_LAST:
        break;
    }

    return ret;
}


bool
virDomainGraphicsNeedsAutoRenderNode(const virDomainGraphicsDef *graphics)
{
    if (!virDomainGraphicsSupportsRenderNode(graphics))
        return false;

    if (graphics->type == VIR_DOMAIN_GRAPHICS_TYPE_SPICE &&
        graphics->data.spice.gl != VIR_TRISTATE_BOOL_YES)
        return false;

    if (virDomainGraphicsGetRenderNode(graphics))
        return false;

    return true;
}


bool
virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoHasBasic(const virDomainBlockIoTuneInfo *iotune)
{
    return iotune->total_bytes_sec ||
           iotune->read_bytes_sec ||
           iotune->write_bytes_sec ||
           iotune->total_iops_sec ||
           iotune->read_iops_sec ||
           iotune->write_iops_sec;
}


bool
virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoHasMax(const virDomainBlockIoTuneInfo *iotune)
{
    return iotune->total_bytes_sec_max ||
           iotune->read_bytes_sec_max ||
           iotune->write_bytes_sec_max ||
           iotune->total_iops_sec_max ||
           iotune->read_iops_sec_max ||
           iotune->write_iops_sec_max ||
           iotune->size_iops_sec;
}


bool
virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoHasMaxLength(const virDomainBlockIoTuneInfo *iotune)
{
    return iotune->total_bytes_sec_max_length ||
           iotune->read_bytes_sec_max_length ||
           iotune->write_bytes_sec_max_length ||
           iotune->total_iops_sec_max_length ||
           iotune->read_iops_sec_max_length ||
           iotune->write_iops_sec_max_length;
}


bool
virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoHasAny(const virDomainBlockIoTuneInfo *iotune)
{
    return virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoHasBasic(iotune) ||
           virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoHasMax(iotune) ||
           virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoHasMaxLength(iotune);
}


void
virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoCopy(const virDomainBlockIoTuneInfo *src,
                             virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoPtr dst)
{
    *dst = *src;
    dst->group_name = g_strdup(src->group_name);
}


bool
virDomainBlockIoTuneInfoEqual(const virDomainBlockIoTuneInfo *a,
                              const virDomainBlockIoTuneInfo *b)
{
    return a->total_bytes_sec == b->total_bytes_sec &&
        a->read_bytes_sec == b->read_bytes_sec &&
        a->write_bytes_sec == b->write_bytes_sec &&
        a->total_iops_sec == b->total_iops_sec &&
        a->read_iops_sec == b->read_iops_sec &&
        a->write_iops_sec == b->write_iops_sec &&
        a->total_bytes_sec_max == b->total_bytes_sec_max &&
        a->read_bytes_sec_max == b->read_bytes_sec_max &&
        a->write_bytes_sec_max == b->write_bytes_sec_max &&
        a->total_iops_sec_max == b->total_iops_sec_max &&
        a->read_iops_sec_max == b->read_iops_sec_max &&
        a->write_iops_sec_max == b->write_iops_sec_max &&
        a->size_iops_sec == b->size_iops_sec &&
        a->total_bytes_sec_max_length == b->total_bytes_sec_max_length &&
        a->read_bytes_sec_max_length == b->read_bytes_sec_max_length &&
        a->write_bytes_sec_max_length == b->write_bytes_sec_max_length &&
        a->total_iops_sec_max_length == b->total_iops_sec_max_length &&
        a->read_iops_sec_max_length == b->read_iops_sec_max_length &&
        a->write_iops_sec_max_length == b->write_iops_sec_max_length;
}


/**
 * virHostdevIsSCSIDevice:
 * @hostdev: host device to check
 *
 * Returns true if @hostdev is a SCSI device, false otherwise.
 */
bool
virHostdevIsSCSIDevice(const virDomainHostdevDef *hostdev)
{
    return hostdev->mode == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS &&
        hostdev->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_SCSI;
}


/**
 * virHostdevIsMdevDevice:
 * @hostdev: host device to check
 *
 * Returns true if @hostdev is a Mediated device, false otherwise.
 */
bool
virHostdevIsMdevDevice(const virDomainHostdevDef *hostdev)
{
    return hostdev->mode == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS &&
        hostdev->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_MDEV;
}


/**
 * virHostdevIsVFIODevice:
 * @hostdev: host device to check
 *
 * Returns true if @hostdev is a PCI device with VFIO backend, false otherwise.
 */
bool
virHostdevIsVFIODevice(const virDomainHostdevDef *hostdev)
{
    return hostdev->mode == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_MODE_SUBSYS &&
        hostdev->source.subsys.type == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_SUBSYS_TYPE_PCI &&
        hostdev->source.subsys.u.pci.backend == VIR_DOMAIN_HOSTDEV_PCI_BACKEND_VFIO;
}
