/***************************************************************************
 * engine_select.c -- select(2) based IO engine.                           *
 *                                                                         *
 ***********************IMPORTANT NSOCK LICENSE TERMS***********************
 *                                                                         *
 * The nsock parallel socket event library is (C) 1999-2013 Insecure.Com   *
 * LLC This library is free software; you may redistribute and/or          *
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as          *
 * published by the Free Software Foundation; Version 2.  This guarantees  *
 * your right to use, modify, and redistribute this software under certain *
 * conditions.  If this license is unacceptable to you, Insecure.Com LLC   *
 * may be willing to sell alternative licenses (contact                    *
 * sales@insecure.com ).                                                   *
 *                                                                         *
 * As a special exception to the GPL terms, Insecure.Com LLC grants        *
 * permission to link the code of this program with any version of the     *
 * OpenSSL library which is distributed under a license identical to that  *
 * listed in the included docs/licenses/OpenSSL.txt file, and distribute   *
 * linked combinations including the two. You must obey the GNU GPL in all *
 * respects for all of the code used other than OpenSSL.  If you modify    *
 * this file, you may extend this exception to your version of the file,   *
 * but you are not obligated to do so.                                     *
 *                                                                         *
 * If you received these files with a written license agreement stating    *
 * terms other than the (GPL) terms above, then that alternative license   *
 * agreement takes precedence over this comment.                           *
 *                                                                         *
 * Source is provided to this software because we believe users have a     *
 * right to know exactly what a program is going to do before they run it. *
 * This also allows you to audit the software for security holes (none     *
 * have been found so far).                                                *
 *                                                                         *
 * Source code also allows you to port Nmap to new platforms, fix bugs,    *
 * and add new features.  You are highly encouraged to send your changes   *
 * to the dev@nmap.org mailing list for possible incorporation into the    *
 * main distribution.  By sending these changes to Fyodor or one of the    *
 * Insecure.Org development mailing lists, or checking them into the Nmap  *
 * source code repository, it is understood (unless you specify otherwise) *
 * that you are offering the Nmap Project (Insecure.Com LLC) the           *
 * unlimited, non-exclusive right to reuse, modify, and relicense the      *
 * code.  Nmap will always be available Open Source, but this is important *
 * because the inability to relicense code has caused devastating problems *
 * for other Free Software projects (such as KDE and NASM).  We also       *
 * occasionally relicense the code to third parties as discussed above.    *
 * If you wish to specify special license conditions of your               *
 * contributions, just say so when you send them.                          *
 *                                                                         *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but     *
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of              *
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU       *
 * General Public License v2.0 for more details                            *
 * (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html).                             *
 *                                                                         *
 ***************************************************************************/

/* $Id: engine_select.c 32685 2014-01-30 19:02:57Z henri $ */

#ifndef WIN32
#include <sys/select.h>
#endif

#include <errno.h>

#include "nsock_internal.h"
#include "nsock_log.h"

#if HAVE_PCAP
#include "nsock_pcap.h"
#endif


/* --- ENGINE INTERFACE PROTOTYPES --- */
static int select_init(mspool *nsp);
static void select_destroy(mspool *nsp);
static int select_iod_register(mspool *nsp, msiod *iod, int ev);
static int select_iod_unregister(mspool *nsp, msiod *iod);
static int select_iod_modify(mspool *nsp, msiod *iod, int ev_set, int ev_clr);
static int select_loop(mspool *nsp, int msec_timeout);


/* ---- ENGINE DEFINITION ---- */
struct io_engine engine_select = {
  "select",
  select_init,
  select_destroy,
  select_iod_register,
  select_iod_unregister,
  select_iod_modify,
  select_loop
};


/* --- INTERNAL PROTOTYPES --- */
static void iterate_through_event_lists(mspool *nsp);

/* defined in nsock_core.c */
void process_event(mspool *nsp, gh_list_t *evlist, msevent *nse, int ev);
void process_iod_events(mspool *nsp, msiod *nsi, int ev);
void process_expired_events(mspool *nsp);

#if HAVE_PCAP
#ifndef PCAP_CAN_DO_SELECT
int pcap_read_on_nonselect(mspool *nsp);
#endif
#endif

/* defined in nsock_event.c */
void update_first_events(msevent *nse);


extern struct timeval nsock_tod;


/*
 * Engine specific data structure
 */
struct select_engine_info {
  /* Descriptors which have pending READ events */
  fd_set fds_master_r;

  /* Descriptors we are trying to WRITE to */
  fd_set fds_master_w;

  /* Looking for exceptional events -- used with connect */
  fd_set fds_master_x;

  /* For keeping track of the select results */
  fd_set fds_results_r, fds_results_w, fds_results_x;

  /* The highest sd we have set in any of our fd_set's (max_sd + 1 is used in
   * select() calls).  Note that it can be -1, when there are no valid sockets */
  int max_sd;
};


int select_init(mspool *nsp) {
  struct select_engine_info *sinfo;

  sinfo = (struct select_engine_info *)safe_malloc(sizeof(struct select_engine_info));

  FD_ZERO(&sinfo->fds_master_r);
  FD_ZERO(&sinfo->fds_master_w);
  FD_ZERO(&sinfo->fds_master_x);

  sinfo->max_sd = -1;

  nsp->engine_data = (void *)sinfo;

  return 1;
}

void select_destroy(mspool *nsp) {
  assert(nsp->engine_data != NULL);
  free(nsp->engine_data);
}

int select_iod_register(mspool *nsp, msiod *iod, int ev) {
  assert(!IOD_PROPGET(iod, IOD_REGISTERED));

  iod->watched_events = ev;
  select_iod_modify(nsp, iod, ev, EV_NONE);
  IOD_PROPSET(iod, IOD_REGISTERED);
  return 1;
}

int select_iod_unregister(mspool *nsp, msiod *iod) {
  struct select_engine_info *sinfo = (struct select_engine_info *)nsp->engine_data;

  iod->watched_events = EV_NONE;

  /* some IODs can be unregistered here if they're associated to an event that was
   * immediately completed */
  if (IOD_PROPGET(iod, IOD_REGISTERED)) {
#if HAVE_PCAP
    if (iod->pcap) {
      int sd = ((mspcap *)iod->pcap)->pcap_desc;
      if (sd >= 0) {
        checked_fd_clr(sd, &sinfo->fds_master_r);
        checked_fd_clr(sd, &sinfo->fds_results_r);
      }
    } else
#endif
    {
      checked_fd_clr(iod->sd, &sinfo->fds_master_r);
      checked_fd_clr(iod->sd, &sinfo->fds_master_w);
      checked_fd_clr(iod->sd, &sinfo->fds_master_x);
      checked_fd_clr(iod->sd, &sinfo->fds_results_r);
      checked_fd_clr(iod->sd, &sinfo->fds_results_w);
      checked_fd_clr(iod->sd, &sinfo->fds_results_x);
    }

    if (sinfo->max_sd == iod->sd)
      sinfo->max_sd--;

    IOD_PROPCLR(iod, IOD_REGISTERED);
  }
  return 1;
}

int select_iod_modify(mspool *nsp, msiod *iod, int ev_set, int ev_clr) {
  int sd;
  struct select_engine_info *sinfo = (struct select_engine_info *)nsp->engine_data;

  assert((ev_set & ev_clr) == 0);

  iod->watched_events |= ev_set;
  iod->watched_events &= ~ev_clr;

  sd = nsi_getsd(iod);

  /* -- set events -- */
  if (ev_set & EV_READ)
    checked_fd_set(sd, &sinfo->fds_master_r);

  if (ev_set & EV_WRITE)
    checked_fd_set(sd, &sinfo->fds_master_w);

  if (ev_set & EV_EXCEPT)
    checked_fd_set(sd, &sinfo->fds_master_x);

  /* -- clear events -- */
  if (ev_clr & EV_READ)
    checked_fd_clr(sd, &sinfo->fds_master_r);

  if (ev_clr & EV_WRITE)
    checked_fd_clr(sd, &sinfo->fds_master_w);

  if (ev_clr & EV_EXCEPT)
    checked_fd_clr(sd, &sinfo->fds_master_x);


  /* -- update max_sd -- */
  if (ev_set != EV_NONE)
    sinfo->max_sd = MAX(sinfo->max_sd,sd);
  else if (ev_clr != EV_NONE && iod->events_pending == 1 && (sinfo->max_sd == sd))
    sinfo->max_sd--;

  return 1;
}

int select_loop(mspool *nsp, int msec_timeout) {
  int results_left = 0;
  int event_msecs; /* msecs before an event goes off */
  int combined_msecs;
  int sock_err = 0;
  struct timeval select_tv;
  struct timeval *select_tv_p;
  struct select_engine_info *sinfo = (struct select_engine_info *)nsp->engine_data;

  assert(msec_timeout >= -1);

  if (nsp->events_pending == 0)
    return 0; /* No need to wait on 0 events ... */

  do {
    msevent *nse;

    nsock_log_debug_all(nsp, "wait for events");

    nse = next_expirable_event(nsp);
    if (!nse)
      event_msecs = -1; /* None of the events specified a timeout */
    else
      event_msecs = MAX(0, TIMEVAL_MSEC_SUBTRACT(nse->timeout, nsock_tod));

#if HAVE_PCAP
#ifndef PCAP_CAN_DO_SELECT
    /* Force a low timeout when capturing packets on systems where
     * the pcap descriptor is not select()able. */
    if (gh_list_count(&nsp->pcap_read_events))
      if (event_msecs > PCAP_POLL_INTERVAL)
        event_msecs = PCAP_POLL_INTERVAL;
#endif
#endif

    /* We cast to unsigned because we want -1 to be very high (since it means no
     * timeout) */
    combined_msecs = MIN((unsigned)event_msecs, (unsigned)msec_timeout);

    /* Set up the timeval pointer we will give to select() */
    memset(&select_tv, 0, sizeof(select_tv));
    if (combined_msecs > 0) {
      select_tv.tv_sec = combined_msecs / 1000;
      select_tv.tv_usec = (combined_msecs % 1000) * 1000;
      select_tv_p = &select_tv;
    } else if (combined_msecs == 0) {
      /* we want the tv_sec and tv_usec to be zero but they already are from bzero */
      select_tv_p = &select_tv;
    } else {
      assert(combined_msecs == -1);
      select_tv_p = NULL;
    }

#if HAVE_PCAP
#ifndef PCAP_CAN_DO_SELECT
    /* do non-blocking read on pcap devices that doesn't support select()
     * If there is anything read, just leave this loop. */
    if (pcap_read_on_nonselect(nsp)) {
      /* okay, something was read. */
    } else
#endif
#endif
    {
      /* Set up the descriptors for select */
      sinfo->fds_results_r = sinfo->fds_master_r;
      sinfo->fds_results_w = sinfo->fds_master_w;
      sinfo->fds_results_x = sinfo->fds_master_x;

      results_left = fselect(sinfo->max_sd + 1, &sinfo->fds_results_r,
                             &sinfo->fds_results_w, &sinfo->fds_results_x, select_tv_p);

      if (results_left == -1)
        sock_err = socket_errno();
    }

    gettimeofday(&nsock_tod, NULL); /* Due to select delay */
  } while (results_left == -1 && sock_err == EINTR); /* repeat only if signal occurred */

  if (results_left == -1 && sock_err != EINTR) {
    nsock_log_error(nsp, "nsock_loop error %d: %s", sock_err, socket_strerror(sock_err));
    nsp->errnum = sock_err;
    return -1;
  }

  iterate_through_event_lists(nsp);

  return 1;
}


/* ---- INTERNAL FUNCTIONS ---- */

static inline int get_evmask(const mspool *nsp, const msiod *nsi) {
  struct select_engine_info *sinfo = (struct select_engine_info *)nsp->engine_data;
  int sd, evmask;

  evmask = EV_NONE;

#if HAVE_PCAP
#ifndef PCAP_CAN_DO_SELECT
  if (nsi->pcap) {
    /* Always assume readable for a non-blocking read. We can't check checked_fd_isset
       because we don't have a pcap_desc. */
    evmask |= EV_READ;
    return evmask;
  }
#endif
#endif

#if HAVE_PCAP
  if (nsi->pcap)
    sd = ((mspcap *)nsi->pcap)->pcap_desc;
  else
#endif
    sd = nsi->sd;

  assert(sd >= 0);

  if (checked_fd_isset(sd, &sinfo->fds_results_r))
    evmask |= EV_READ;
  if (checked_fd_isset(sd, &sinfo->fds_results_w))
    evmask |= EV_WRITE;
  if (checked_fd_isset(sd, &sinfo->fds_results_x))
    evmask |= EV_EXCEPT;

  return evmask;
}

/* Iterate through all the event lists (such as connect_events, read_events,
 * timer_events, etc) and take action for those that have completed (due to
 * timeout, i/o, etc) */
void iterate_through_event_lists(mspool *nsp) {
  gh_lnode_t *current, *next, *last;

  last = gh_list_last_elem(&nsp->active_iods);

  for (current = gh_list_first_elem(&nsp->active_iods);
       current != NULL && gh_lnode_prev(current) != last;
       current = next) {
    msiod *nsi = container_of(current, msiod, nodeq);

    if (nsi->state != NSIOD_STATE_DELETED && nsi->events_pending)
      process_iod_events(nsp, nsi, get_evmask(nsp, nsi));

    next = gh_lnode_next(current);
    if (nsi->state == NSIOD_STATE_DELETED) {
      gh_list_remove(&nsp->active_iods, current);
      gh_list_prepend(&nsp->free_iods, current);
    }
  }

  /* iterate through timers and expired events */
  process_expired_events(nsp);
}
